^  PRINCETON,  N.  J. 


% 


Presented  by  Mr.  Samuel  Agnew  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


BV  4070  .H369  M45  1867 
Hartwick  Seminary,  Otsego 

Co. ,  N.Y. 
Memorial  volume  of  the  semi 

centennial  anniversary  of 


MEMORIAI.  \OI,IM 


SEMI-CENTENNIAL  ANNIVERSARY 


/ 


MiU'tu'ich    fcittittiii'ir, 


AUGUST  21,  18G6. 


ALBANY: 
JOEL    JM  U  N  S  E  L  L  , 

18  6  7. 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Introduction,  l)y  tlio  Kov.  Charles  A.  Smith,  D.l)., 1 

ITisloriciil  Address,  by  the  Kcv.  11.  N.  Pohlnuni,  D.D., 7 

Poem,  by  the  Rev.  WilUam  Hull 43 

Biography   of  the  llev.   E.   L.   Ila/.eUiis,   D.D.,   by  tlic  Rev. 

Charles  A.  Smith,  D.D., 48 

Biography  of  the  Rev.  George  B.  Miller,  D.D.,  by  Mrs.  Henri- 
etta Ililler, 71 

Ilartwick    and    its    Surnnuidings,    by    the    llev.    Ciiarles  A. 

Smith,  D.D., 81 

Golden  Wedding  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Miller, 99 

Poems  on  the  Golden  Wedding, 100,  104 

Indian  Deeds  to  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Ilartwick, 108,  118 

License  to  purchase  Land  of  Indians, 110 

Petition  of  Ilartwick  for  License  to  purchase  24,000  acres,....  113 

Affidavit  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  concerning  Hartwick's  Purchase,  113 

Report  of  Committeec  on  Renewal  of  License  to  purchase  Lauds,  IIG 
Petition  of  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Ilartwick  and  others  for  a  Patent,  131,  134 

Return  of  a  Survej'  of  21,500  acres  of  Land, 123 

Hartwick's  Letter  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 134 

Hartwick's  Letter  to  Mohawks  of  Canajoharie, 137 

Petition  of  the  Indians  to  King  George  II, 139 

Colonial  Patent  to  Hartwick  and  others,  1761, 137 

Letters  to  Jeremiah  Van  Reiisselaer  in  relation  to  the  Death  of 

the  Rev.  J.  C.  Ilartwick, 148,  149 

Church  Record  in  relation  to  the  Burial  of  Hartwick, loO 

Last  Will  and  Testament  of  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwick, lo4 

Articles  of  Agreement  between  the  Curators  of  the  Ilartwick 
Seminary  and  the  Trustees  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in 

Albany , 171 

Schedule  of  Property  of  Hartwick  Seminar}^,  1801, 177 

Act  directing  the  Incorporation  of  the  Hartwick  Seminarj'^,. . . .  179 
Act  to  enable  the  Trustees  of  Hartwick  Seminary  to  sell  and 

convey  Real  Estate, 181 

Schedule  of  Property  in  181G, 183 

Schedule  of  Property  in  1817, 180 

Faculty  of  Hartwick  Seminary, 189 

Note  explanatory  and  apologetic, 190 

Index, 191 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Hartwick  Seminary,  improved, Frontispiece. 

Portrait  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  E.  L.  Hazelius, 48 

Portrait  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  George  B.  Miller, 71 

Residence  of  J.  D,  Husbands,  Esq., 89 

Diagram  of  the  Chapel  at  Hartwick, 91 

Hartwick  Seminary,  before  it  was  remodeled, 94 

House  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Miller, 95 

Fac  simile  of  Signature  of  Governor  George  Clinton, Ill 

Indian  Totems, 119, 120 

Fac  simile  of  Signature  of  Sir  William  Johnson, 131 

Fac  simile  of  the  Tablet  in  the  Lutheran  Ebenezer  Church  in 
Albany,  to  the  Memory  of  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwick, 153 


INTRODUCTION 


This  volume  originated  at  the  meeting  of  the  Akimni 
Association  of  Hartwick  Seminary,  held  August  the 
21st,  18G6,  during  the  semi-centennial  anniversary. 
Many  of  the  alumni  assembled  to  recall  the  past,  and 
exchange  congratulations  upon  the  present  condition 
and  future  prospects  of  alma  mater.  At  the  close  of 
the  address  of  Dr.  Crounse,  of  Guilderland,  before  the 
Philophronean  society,  on  the  subject,  "Man — physi- 
cal, intellectual  and  moral,"  the  Alumni  Association 
was  called  to  order  by  its  president.  Rev.  Henry  N. 
Pohlman,  D.D.  In  his  own  hearty,  genial  way,  he 
said  at  once,  "  Come,  brethren  of  the  Alumni,  we 
want  to  hear  from  you  all.  Don't  wait,  get  up  and 
tell  us  how  you  feel."  After  a  moment's  pause,  ad- 
dressing J.  D.  Husbands,  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  he  said: 
"  Come  here  by  me,  brother  Husbands,  and  talk  to 
us."  Mr.  Husbands,  under  strong  emotion,  spoke  in 
substance  as  follows  : 

"  The  learned  brother  who  has  just  addressed  this 
audience,  has  instructed  us  on  the  whole  physiological 
condition  of  man.  Confining  myself  within  narrower 
limits,  I  shall  speak  only  of  that  one  faculty  of  the 
human  mind  we  call  memoiy.  I  see  before  me  the 
loved  associates  of  my  boy-life.  I  came  to  this  chapel 
along  the  old  path,  in  sight  of  the  broad,  bright  fields 
1 


1  INTRODUCTION. 

I  trod  and  saw,  when  we,  the  old  boys  now,  were  not 
much  in  debt  to  time.  I  passed  the  house  where  my 
honored  parents  lived,  and  my  father  died.  I  looked 
upon  the  faces  of  some  of  his  esteemed  neighbors  and 
friends,  and  we  grasped  each  others  hands,  and  our 
hearts  were  with  our  hands.  Others  of  those  good 
neighbors  have  gone  to  the  better  world,  where  the 
living  dwell,  and  death  never  enters.  Busy,  grateful 
memory  brings  them  all  about  me  now  —  precious 
friends,  the  living  and  the  dead ! 

"  Among  the  glorified  spirits  of  the  just  made  perfect, 
who  of  us  can  forget  or  would  forget  the  sainted  Dr. 
E.  L.  Hazelius  ?  With  what  paternal  solicitude  his 
great  heart  and  scholastic  mind  bore  with  our  irregu- 
larities, taught  our  young  intellects,  and  pointed  us  to 
that  Saviour  in  whose  presence  he  now  assuredly  is. 
"Wayward  as  some  of  us  have  been,  his  counsels  have 
done  much  to  mold  our  characters,  and  lead  us  in  the 
better  way.  His  hallowed  influence  is  indestructible. 
It  lives  in  us  who  survive,  and,  reproduced  from  gene- 
ration to  generation,  shall  diffuse  blessings  all  along 
the  track  of  time.  I  saw  his  portrait  to-day,  with  ear 
inclined,  as  his  always  was,  to  catch  the  recital  of  our 
lessons,  and  our  joys  and  sorrows  too,  and  it  seems  to 
me  he  is  now  bending  a  listening  ear  in  his  celestial 
abode,  to  accept  our  gratitude  and  veneration.  Happy 
is  it  that  the  works  of  such  an  one  do  follow  him. 

"  Boy-life  seems  to  be  mine  again,  as  I  look  on  these 
dear  familiar  faces,  and  yet,  in  this  presence,  the  fact 
will  not  conceal  itself  that,  since  we  were  boys,  a  gene- 
ration has  arisen  who  knew  not  Joseph.  I  come  here 
that  you,  who  knew  me  in  school-days,  may  call  me 
Joseph.  These  young  gentlemen  will  some  day  know 
what  tljat  implies,  but  not  now.      You,  young  gentle- 


INTRODUCTION.  O 

men,  are  about  to  enter  on  the  untried  struggles  of  real 
life.  N"ot  merely  the  forty  centuries  of  the  pyramids 
look  down  on  your  achievements,  but  the  eternity  of 
the  past  and  the  future  bids  you  live  worthy  of  the  high 
vocation  to  which  your  training  has  called  you.  Feli- 
citate yourselves  that  the  mantle  of  our  ascended 
Elijah^  has  fallen  upon  your  Elisha,-  and  taking  up 
your  line  of  march  from  such  scholastic  heights,  your 
ascent  should  ever  be  heavenward,  as  here  you  have 
been  heaven-directed.  Some  of  you  go  to  preach  the 
gospel  of  the  Prince  of  peace  and  life  —  the  noblest 
and  holiest  calling  on  the  earth.  Be  valiant  soldiers  of 
the  cross,  never  forgetting  that  the  banner  of  your 
alma  mater  and  your  Prince,  over  you,  is  love. 

"  To-day,  Mr.  President,  we  celebrate  the  half-century 
life  of  our  honored  alma  mater.  She  is  famous,  fair 
and  fifty,  with  no  gYny  hair,  or  spot  or  wrinkle,  or  any 
such  thing.  Some  of  her  sons  are  here  to-day,  to  offer 
her  the  homage  of  grateful  and  gratified  filial  devotion. 
Clustering  memories  swell  their  hearts  toward  her. 
God  has  blessed  her  in  multitudes  of  her  children. 
Think  of  a  single  soul  won  to  Christ  by  the  ministry 
of  one  of  lier  sons,  and  follow  that  soul  in  its  increasing 
and  ascending  rapture  and  glory,  till  imagination  falters 
and  is  lost  in  the  incomprehensibility  of  the  '  eternal 
weight  of  glory,'  and  tell  me  if  human  speech  can 
exaggerate  the  magnitude  of  her  mission.  Multiply 
these  trophies  of  redeeming  love  by  the  number  of  her 
sons,  and  this  product  l)y  the  results  of  their  labors  for 
the  Risen  Crucified,  and  where  is  the  limit  to  her  majestic 
influence  and  destiny  ?  From  the  full  fountains  of  her 
maternal  bosom,  streams  of  beneficence  have  issued  to 

1  Dr.  Hazclius. 

2  Rev.  Dr.  Miller. 


4  INTRODUCTION. 

gladden  and  illumine  many  hearts  and  many  lands. 
Often  do  we,  in  the  jostlings  of  life,  turn  our  weary 
heads  to  thee,  mother  dear,  and  find  thy  gentle,  quiet, 
holy  love  a  balm  to  soothe  and  restore.  Faithful  ever, 
under  all  circumstances  of  shade  and  sunshine,  to  thy 
vows  to  Christ,  I  believe  stores  of  special  blessings  are 
in  reserve  for  thee!  We,  the  Alumni,  come  to-day 
with  reverential  greeting.  We  love  thee,  because  thou 
first  lovedst  us.  We  honor  thee,  that  with  royal 
munificence  thou  hast  scattered  smiles  and  blessings, 
and  that  culture,  refinement,  literature  and  religious 
instruction  have  been  thy  gifts  to  men. 

"  This,  sir,  is  a  blessed  reunion.  May  it  not  be  a 
foretaste  of  the  heavenly  companionship  ?  It  is  to  me 
as  the  wayside  flowers  the  traveler  gathers  in  some 
sweet  spot  of  calm  repose,  whose  tints  of  beauty  are 
photographed  on  the  heart,  and  whose  fragrance  is  an 
unforgotten  odor.  But  I  have  occupied  your  time 
beyond  any  thing  I  had  intended.  My  heart  was  too 
full  to  say  less,  and  the  inspiration  of  the  occasion  leads 
me  to  say,  in  conclusion,  that  my  heart  infolds  you  all 
in  its  warmest  embraces.  No  spectator  here  could  fail 
to  observe  the  love  we  bear  each  to  all,  and  all  to  each, 
and  to  say,  '  Behold  how  good  and  how  pleasant  it  is  for 
brethren  to  dwell  together  in  unity ! '  So  may  it  ever  be 
with  us  and  our  children,  and  our  children's  children." 

Rev.  Dr.  Strobel  said:  "  We  have  listened  with  aflfec- 
tionate  interest  to  the  words  of  Joseph,  but  words  are 
evanescent  and  die.  In  order  permanently  to  record 
and  preserve  what  we  do  here,  and  the  history  of  this 
institution  and  her  benign  mission,  we  propose  that  a 
memorial  volume  be  prepared  and  published."  Dr. 
Strobel  then  proceeded  to  state  in  an  able  and  lucid 
address  the  nature,  value  and  use  of  such  a  record. 


JNTKODIICTION.  0 

J.  D.  Husbands  submitted  that  words  such  as  we 
speak  to  each  other  here,  could  never  die ;  but  earnestly 
advocated  the  preparation  of  the  ])ook  suggested  by 
Dr.  Strobel. 

Rev.  Dr.  Goertner  made  a  brilliant  and  effective 
speech  in  its  ftxvor. 

The  president  then  called  on  Rev.  Thilip  Wieting 
for  his  views ;  who,  in  his  own  peculiar  and  significant 
way,  gave  to  the  enterprise  the  full  weight  of  his 
influence. 

After  earnest  and  eloquent  remarks  by  Rev.  George 
Neff,  Rev.  J.  Selmser,  and  others,  it  was 

Jiesolved,  That  a  memorial  volume  in  commemora- 
tion of  the  semi-centennial  anniversary  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  Hartwick  Seminary  be  prepared  and 
published,  under  the  supervision  of  an  editing  com- 
mittee, consisting  of  Rev.  Henry  ]^.  Pohlman.  D.D., 
Rev.  Charles  A.  Smith,  D.D.,  Hon.  Joseph  D.  Hus- 
bands, and  Rev.  R.  Adelberg. 

The  committee  present  the  volume  itself  as  their 
report  of  the  manner  in  which  they  have  discharged 
their  duty.  The  service  might  have  been  confided, 
perhaps,  to  abler  hands;  but  not  to  more  willing 
hearts.  Whilst  we  thank  those  who  have  aided  us  in 
this  labor  of  love,  by  valuable  contributions  of  the  pen, 
it  is  proper  to  add  that  the  typographical  beauty  and 
accuracy  of  the  volume  are  due  to  the  liberal  taste  and 
cultivated  skill  of  Joel  Munsell,  Esq.,  well  known  in 
literary  circles  for  the  ardor  with  which  he  pursues 
historic  investigation,  and  for  the  encouragement  he 
holds  out  to  every  attempt  that  promises  to  rescue 
from  oblivion  such  records  of  past  events  as  ought  to 
be  perpetuated. 


SEMI-CENTENNIAL 


HISTORICAL    ADDRESS, 

BY   REV.   HENRY   N.   POHLMAN,   D.D.,    OP   ALBANY,   N.   Y. 

When  some  great  deed  lias  been  accomplished  for 
God  and  for  humanity,  some  wonderful  discovery  or 
marvellous  invention  made,  whose  results  are  not 
limited  to  the  age  in  which  they  originated,  but  ex- 
tended to  remotest  generations,  or  when  —  a  not  less 
noble  work — the  foundation  of  an  institution  of  learn- 
ing has  been  laid,  whose  influence,  whether  confined 
within  narrow  limits,  or  widely  spread  abroad,  shall 
endure  to  all  eternity,  it  is  natural  to  inquire,  what 
manner  of  man  was  this  doer,  this  inventor,  this 
founder?  Where  was  he  born,  and  how  was  he 
reared  ?  What  influences  combined  to  mold  his  cha- 
racter ?  What  were  his  habits  and  his  deeds  ?  What 
was  the  manner  of  his  life  and  what  his  death  ?  So 
when  we  come  to-day,  to  this  our  alma  mater  to  celebrate 
her  fiftieth  birthday,  our  thoughts  naturally  revert  to 
him  whose  name  she  bears,  and  whose  noblest  monu- 
ment she  is,  and  we  crave  to  be  informed  as  to  who  and 
what  manner  of  man  he  was,  nor  will  we  be  satisfied 
until   the  minutest  particulars  are   spread  before  us. 


5  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

and  we  learn  all  that  is  to  be  known  of  his  life  and 
character. 

To  gratify  this  laudable  craving  is  the  object  of  the 
present  address.  But  in  the  very  outset  I  am  con- 
strained to  bespeak  your  indulgence,  as  much  of  the 
information  we  have  to  impart  consists  in  not  very 
eloquent  details  drawn  from  the  musty  records  of  the 
past,  and  I,  therefore,  greatly  fear  that  I  shall  give  you 
more  than  you  crave  to  hear,  and  may  severely  try  your 
patience. 

Of  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  the  founder  of  the 
seminary  whose  semi-centennial  anniversary  we  cele- 
brate to-day,  but  little  has  hitherto  been  known  ;  and 
that  little  derived  from  local  tradition  rather  than  from 
the  positive  testimony  of  official  records.  But  I  am 
happy  to  state  that  there  has  lately  been  discovered  a 
number  of  important  letters  and  documents  which 
throw  new  light  upon  his  history,  and  enable  me  to 
correct  many  errors,  and  to  speak  with  more  certainty 
concerning  the  character  and  doings  of  this  very  remark- 
able man,  who,  notwithstanding  his  idiosyncrasies  — 
and  they  were  many  —  must  nevertheless  be  acknow- 
ledged as  a  successful  pioneer  in  the  great  work  of 
establishing  and  giving  permanence  to  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  church,  in  these  then  western  wilds. 

If  a  tombstone  may  be  regarded  as  an  official  docu- 
ment, the  tablet  which  covers  his  mortal  remains  in 
the  chancel  of  the  church  of  which  I  am  pastor,  fur- 
nishes an  authentic  record  of  his  birth  and  of  his 
decease;  the  one  occurring  on  the  6th  of  January, 
1714,  and  the  other  on  the  16th  of  July,  1796,  from 
which  it  appears  that  for  four-score  and  two  and  a  half 
years  he  was  a  stranger  and  a  pilgrim  on  the  earth ; 
and  it  is  added,  as  significant  of  his  experience  in  the 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  9 

days  of  the  years  of  his  pilgrimage,  on  the  same  tablet, 
ill  tlie  usual  style  of  mortuary  literature,  and  in  the 
noble  hmguage  which  he  loved: 

"  Man's  lilc  in  its  appointed  limit 

Is  seventy,  is  eighty  years  ; 
But  care  and  grief  and  anguish  dim  it 

However  joyous  it  appears. 
The  winged  moments  swiftly  flee 

And  bear  us  to  eternity. "'^ 

"  To  lie  like  an  epitaph"  has  passed  into  a  proverb, 
and  even  tombstones  are  not  always  reliable  in  their 
record;  for  this,  we  have  reason  to  believe,  sent  the 
weary  pilgrim  to  his  rest  at  least  twenty-four  hours 
before  his  allotted  time ;  as  we  have  positive  testimony 
that  he  died  at  twelve  o'clock  meridian  on  the  17th 
July  1796,  which  in  that  year  fell  upon  a  Sunday. 

But  this  was  the  fault  not  of  the  stone,  but  of  the 
man  who  cut  it,  and  is  a  venial  error  compared  to  the 
one  committed  by  the  veritable  historian  of  an  adjoin- 
ing township,  who,  in  what  he  calls  his  "  condensed 
history  of  Cooperstown,"  so  far  from  shortening  Hart- 
wick's  life  by  a  single  day,  adds  to  it  four  years  of 
days,  and  then  represents  him  as  "  shuifling  oiF  his 
mortal  coil,"  and  going  to  his  great  account  with  the 
guilt  of  self-murder  on  his  soul. 

For  he  gravely  asserts  that  "  John  Christopher  Hart- 
wick,  the  proprietor  of  a  patent  for  a  considerable  tract 
of  land  in  this  vicinity,  committed  suicide  wdth  a  razor 
in  June,  1800."  It  may  be  added,  however,  in  pallia- 
tion of  the  erudite  historian's  error,  that  there  is  an 
obscure  tradition  that  one  Christianus   Ilartwick  did 

^  For  a  i;ic  simile  of  tlie  tomb  stone  see  appendix. 

2 


10  HISTORICAL    ADDRESS. 

commit  suicide  about  the  period  mentioned,  but 
whether  with  a  razor  or  a  pistol  is  uncertain. 

Of  the  early  life  and  education  of  Hartwick,  and 
his  preparation  for  the  ministry,  we  have  no  authentic 
record.  But  we  know  that  he  was  well  versed  in  what 
are  usually  called  the  dead  languages;  and  had  that 
thorough  knowledge  of  theological  lore  which  the 
universities  of  his  native  land  know  so  well  how  to 
impart,  and  which  her  ecclesiastical  authorities  are  so 
careful  to  require,  before  they  permit  a  candidate  to 
enter  into  holy  orders.  And  we  ourselves  can  bear 
testimony  to  the  correctness  of  his  diction ;  for  we 
have  seen  in  the  records  of  the  Lutheran  church  at 
Frederick,  Maryland,  specimens  of  his  bold  chiro- 
graphy  in  Latin  which  incontestibly  prove  that  he 
was  as  familiar  with  that  language  as  with  his  own. 

It  is  said — I  know  not  on  what  authority  —  that  he 
came  to  this  country  in  early  life,  in  the  capacity  of 
chaplain  to  a  German  regiment,  in  the  service  of  Eng- 
land, during  what  is  commonly  known  as  the  French 
war.  But  if  his  autobiography,  contained  in  his  last 
will  and  testament  may  be  regarded  as  authentic  his- 
tory, he  came  here  not  as  the  guide  and  teacher  of 
warriors  under  the  auspices  of  Mars  ;  but  rather  as  a 
simple  missionary  under  the  banner  of  the  cross,  to 
instruct  his  destitute  countrymen  in  the  knov/ledge  of 
the  truth  and  to  lead  their  feet  into  the  paths  of  peace. 
As  this  account  of  his  curriculum  as  he  calls  it,  is 
brief,  and  withal  gives  us  some  idea  of  the  character 
of  the  inhabitants  of  this  valley  at  the  period  of  its 
settlement,  I  cannot  forbear  to  quote  it,  "  My  name," 
so  runs  the  record,  is  "  Johannes  Christophorus  Hart- 
wig,  which  the  English  according  to  their  dialect, 
pronounce  and  write  Hardwick,  a  native  of  the  duke- 


HISTORICAL    ADDRESS.  11 

(lorn  of  Saxe-Gotlia,  in  the  province  of  Thnringia, 
in  Gei-many,  sent  hither,  a  missionary  preacher  of 
the  gospel,  upon  petition  and  call  of  some  palatine 
congregations  in  the  counties  of  Albany  and  Dutchess; 
l)ut  meeting  with  mucli  opposition  from  a  neigh- 
boring minister,  I  was  at  last,  when  I  had  not  a 
half  a  dozen  pounds  from  my  congregations  obliged 
to  leave  them,  I  then  had  successive  calls  from 
Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  Virginia  and  ISTew  England 
which  I  served  faithfully.  The  last  was  from  N^ew 
York,  to  which  I  returned  from  Virginia  after  the 
last  peace  was  concluded  with  England,  and  stayed 
there  upon  my  own  cost  and  charges,  preaching  to 
the  evangelical  congregations.  After  that  I  went  and 
visited  my  old  congregations,  and  such  others  in  the 
then  county  of  Albany  as  were  destitute,  and  at  the 
same  time  looked  after  my  estate,  which  I  had  for- 
merly destined  for  an  evangelical  congregation  of  Ger- 
mans, but  in  part  occupied  by  New  England  emigrants, 
professing  themselves  either  of  none,  or  diiferent, 
religions,  principally  anabaptists  or  rather  a?it [baptists, 
for  they  are  mostly  unbaptized."  Has  the  lapse  of  a 
hundred  years  made  much  alteration  in  this  respect? 
Could  the  venerable  Hartwick  again  revisit  this  scene 
of  his  early  labors  would  he  not  find  this  description 
still  applicable  ? 

The  first  authentic  account  we  have  of  his  career  in 
this  country,  outside  of  this  autobiography,  is  to  be 
found  in  the  Hallische  Nachrichten,  from  which  it 
appears  that  in  1748  he  was  pastor  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Zion's  church,  New  Germantown,  Hunter- 
don Co.,  and  of  St.  Paul's  church,  Pluckamin,  Somer- 
set Co.,  ]Sr.  J.  In  the  same  year  he  took  part  in  the 
inauguration  of  the  first  Lutheran  Sj^nod  in  Philadel- 


12  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

phia,  and  preached  the  sermon  at  the  ordination  of  the 
Hev.  Mr.  Knrtz  from  the  words,  Ezekiel  iii,  18,  "  His 
blood  will  I  require  at  thine  hand,"  inforcing  the 
awful  responsibility  which  rests  upon  the  preachers  of 
the  gospel.  But  he  was  not  always  equally  discrimi- 
nating in  the  selection  of  his  texts ;  for  in  after  years  — 
I  have  it  upon  the  testimony  of  one  who  was  present 
on  the  occasion  —  when  called  upon  to  preach  the  ser- 
mon at  the  dedication  of  the  Old  Swamp  church,  corner 
of  "William  and  Frankfort  streets,  I^ew  York  —  the 
church,  by  the  bye,  where  our  venerable  professor  of 
theology  and  myself  were  ordained,  I  do  not  care  to 
remember  how  many  years  ago  —  he  chose  the  follow- 
ing singular  passage  from  the  Song  of  Solomon, 
viii,  8 :  "  We  have  a  little  sister,  and  she  hath  no 
breasts,  what  shall  we  do  for  our  sister  in  the  day 
when  she  shall  be  spoken  for."  A  text  highly  appro- 
priate, I  opine,  at  the  dedication  of  a  Baptist  meeting 
house,  where  they  do  not  usually  care  to  inquire  what 
provision  is  necessary  for  the  nutriment  of  children,  but 
not  so  well  fitted  for  a  church,  one  of  whose  cardinal 
principles  is  the  early  initiation  of  babes  and  sucklings 
into  the  nursery  of  Chi'ist,  and  the  constant  feeding 
them  with  the  sincere  milk  of  the  Avord. 

Immediately  after  the  adjournment  of  the  synod 
in  1748,  Ilartwick,  by  the  advice  of  his  friends, 
accepted  of  a  call  as  minister  of  the  congregation  in 
the  city  of  InTcw  York.  "  It  was  supposed  that  he  might 
succeed  in  adjusting  the  diiliculties  which  had  long 
existed  among  the  people  there,  and  restore  harmony 
and  good  feeling.  The  congregation  at  the  time 
consisted  of  Hollanders,  Germans  and  French,  and  the 
representatives  of  these  respective  countries  desired  that 
the   services   of  the    sanctuary  should   be   performed 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  16 

ill  their  own  vernacular  tongues.  Each  party  was 
too  weak  to  establish  a  separate  organization,  and  it 
was  not  an  easy  task  to  obtain  a  clergyman  qualified  to 
do  justice  to  himself  and  the  people,  in  three  different 
languages."  As  might  be  expected,  therefore,  "  Mr. 
Hartwick's  efforts  to  unite  tlie  discordant  elements 
proved  unsuccessful.  The  congregation  continued 
distracted,  and  tliere  was  no  prospect  of  a  recon- 
ciliation. The  various  interests  were  unwilling  to 
make  any  compromise,  and  a  church  so  much  divided 
could  not  prosper.  Finding  his  position  uncom- 
fortable, and  his  efforts  to  establish  peace  unavail- 
ing, he  soon  resigned  the  charge,  and  removed  to 
Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.,  having  been  invited  to  minister 
to  several  congregations  in  Dutchess  and  Ulster  coun- 
ties." In  this  wide  field  extending  from  !Newburg  on 
the  south,  to  East  and  West  Camp,  and  Ancram  on  the 
north,  he  labored  for  a  time  with  zeal  and  fidelity, 
endeavoring  to  diffuse  the  knowledge  of  the  gospel  not 
only  by  the  preached  word,  but  by  the  printed  page;  for 
among  his  papers  I  find  a  list  of  subscribers  to  whom 
he  furnished  copies  of  Arndt's  Wahres  Christenthum, 
besides  other  standard  works.  It  may  also  be  men- 
tioned to  his  honor  that  he  set  himself,  at  that  early 
period,  to  build  a  church  at  Ancram  ;  but,  although  a 
considerable  sum  was  subscribed  for  this  purpose,  the 
project  failed,  and  it  was  not  until  nearly  a  hundred 
years  afterwards  tliat  the  work  was  finally  accomplished. 
From  this  promising  beginning  it  might  be  supposed 
that  here  Hartwick  had  at  last  found  his  appropriate 
sphere  of  labor;  but  here  also  he  encountered  his 
accustomed  difficulties,  and  was  called  to  pass  through 
various  trials  which  time  will  not  permit  me  to  enu- 
merate, but  which  are  recorded  at  length  by  Dr.  Mulh- 


14  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

enburg  in   The  Naehrichten.     Suffice  it  to  say,  that  lie 
was  again  set  adrift,  like  onr  great  progenitor; 

"  The  world  before  him  where  to  choose." 

Indeed,  siicli  were  Ms  constitutional  peculiarities, 
and  numerous  eccentricities,  that  he  might  well  expect 
difficulties  everywhere,  and  say  of  himself,  with  the 
great  apostle  to  the  Gentiles,  wherever  he  went,  though 
not  in  the  same  sense,  nor  for  the  same  cause :  "  And 
now  behold,  I  go  bound  in  the  spirit  unto  Jerusalem, 
not  knowing  the  thins^s  that  shall  befall  me  there, 
save  that  the  Holy  Ghost  witnesseth  in  every  city, 
saying,  that  bonds  and  afflictions  abide  me." 

It  was  about  this  period  that  Hartwick  first  became 
acquainted  with  the  natives,  who  then  roamed  upon 
our  borders;  and  particularly  with  the  sachems  of  the 
powerful  nation  of  the  Mohawks,  belonging  to  the 
upper  castle  of  Canadschoharie,  who  frequently  came 
into  the  settlement  for  the  purposes  of  barter  and  trade. 
From  the  natural  restlessness  of  his  character,  and 
fondness  for  change,  he  soon  became  strongly  attracted 
towards  them,  and  familiar  with  them.  Indeed,  the 
attraction  seemed  to  be  mutual,  for  he  undoubtedly  exer- 
cised a  powerful  influence  over  them.  This  is  evident 
from  the  fact  that  they  conveyed  to  him  by  deed  a 
large  and  valuable  tract  of  their  lands.  This  deed, 
dated  the  23d  of  May,  1750,  and  duly  signed,  sealed 
and  delivered  is  still  extant  among  his  papers;  and 
recites  that  "  in  consideration  of  one  hundred  pounds 
currency  paid  to  them  by  the  Rev.  John  C.  Hartwick, 
they  have  bargained  and  sold  to  said  Hartwick  a  certain 
tract  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  Mohawk  between 
Schoharie  and  Cherry  valley  along  a  certain  small 
creek,  containing  nine  miles  in  length,  and  four  miles 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  15 

in  breadth.  But  notwithstanding  there  is  a  receipt  on 
the  back  of  this  document  acknowledging  the  payment 
of  the  hundred  pounds,  it  is  certain  that  Mr.  Ilartwick 
never  realized  any  benelit  from  thednvestment ;  doubt- 
less because  it  was  not  made  in  accordance  with  the 
law  regulating  the  purchase  of  lands  from  the  Indians, 
passed  by  his  majesty's  council  on  the  2d  of  December, 
1736,  which  required  a  license  for  that  purpose  to  be 
first  had  and  obtained. 

But  though  this  attempt  failed,  Ilartwick  was  not  to 
be  balked  in  his  determination  to  become  an  exten- 
sive land  owner;  and,  a  year  or  two  later,  while  the 
French  war  was  raging,  it  occurred  to  his  versatile 
mind,  ever  ready  to  do  good  in  his  own  peculiar 
fashion,  that  the  only  way  in  which  this  country  could 
be  permanently  protected  from  the  depredations  of 
the  enemy,  was  by  its  .speedy  settlement ;  and,  as  this 
could  not  be  accomplished  under  its  original  proprie- 
tors, he,  in  conjunction  with  some  ten  or  eleven  others, 
most  of  whom  lent  him  their  names  for  the  purpose, 
petitioned  the  government  to  grant  him  the  required 
permission  for  one  year,  to  purchase  twenty-four 
thousand  acres  of  land  from  the  Indians. 

This  petition,  dated  the  13th  of  May,  1752,  was 
granted  on  the  16th  of  IS'ovember  following.  But  it 
was  not  until  the  29th  of  May,  1754,  and  after  several 
additional  petitions  for  the  extension  of  the  time  had 
been  presented,  that  the  purchase  was  made  and  a 
deed  given.  By  this  deed  —  a  curiosity  in  itself — 
"  Abraham  Peterson,  Wilhelm  Darg-hi-o-res  and  Hen- 
drick  Sa-rig-ho-ana  native  Indians,  and  sole  and  abso- 
lute proprietors  of  Conjohare,  convey  to  John  C. 
Hardwick,  for,  and  in  consideration  of  one  hundred 
pounds  currency  or  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  a 


16  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

tract  of  land  on  the  soutli  side  of  the  Mohawks  river, 
bounded  as  follows :  Beginning  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Susquehanna  river  at  the  northerly  bounds  of  a 
patent  granted  to  Arend  Bradt,  Volkert  Van  Vechten 
and  others,  and  running  from  thence  up  the  said  river 
six  miles  to  a  young  lime  tree  standing  near  said  river 
marked  H.  Y.,  1754,  and  extending  in  breadth  from 
the  said  river  into  the  woods  six  miles."  This  curious 
document  bears  the  signatures,  or  rather  marks,  of  the 
above  named  proprietors,  followed  by  rude  outlines  of 
a  bear,  a  wolf  and  a  turtle  by  way  ot  seal,  and  to 
make  assurance  doubly  sure,  is  signed  in  addition  by 
two  other  Petersons,  Hendrick  and  Paulus ;  and  the 
following  euphonious  names,  ISTicholaus  Ca-rig-hia- 
plat-ti.  Brand  Rog-his-di-cha,  Abraham  E,o-se-6n-daw, 
and  Ruth  Dar-og-hi-on-ka. 

On  the  17th  of  July,  1755,  a  return  of  the  survey  of 
this  tract  was  made,  when  it  w^as  found  to  contain 
only  iweniy-one  thousand,  five  hundred  acres,  with  the 
following  description  of  boundaries,  which  as  it  is 
short,  and  may  be  interesting  to  the  present  inhabit- 
ants of  the  township,  I  subjoin :  "  Beginning  in  the 
northwesterly  bounds  of  a  certain  tract  of  land  granted 
by  letters  patent  to  Volkert  Oothout,  John  De-Witt 
and  others,  where  the  river  issuing  out  of  the  lake 
called  Otsego,  crosses  the  aforesaid  northwesterly 
bounds  of  the  aforesaid  tract  of  land  granted  to  Volkert 
Oothout  and  others,  and  runs  thence  west  four  hundred 
and  eighty  chains;  then  north  four  hundred  and 
eighty  chains;  then  east  four  hundred  and  eighty 
chains,  to  the  said  river  issuing  out  of  the  said  lake 
Otsego.  Then  along  the  west  side  of  the  said  river, 
as  it  runs,  to  the  place  where  this  tract  of  hind  first 
beo'an." 


IIISTOIIICAL     ADDRESS.  17 

But  now  came  the  tng  of  war;  all  the  preliminaries 
had  been  complied  with  —  license  to  purchase  had 
been  given  —  the  purchase  made,  the  deed  executed 
and  the  survey  completed  ;  but  all  this  would  be  of 
no  avail,  unless  letters  patent  could  be  obtained 
from  his  majjesty  to  give  the  right  of  possession, 
and  many  officials  stood  in  the  way;  for  in  those 
days,  as  in  the  present,  red  tape  was  predominant 
and  "  How  not  to  do  it "  the  rule,  rather  than  the 
exception.  To  overcome  this  difficulty,  Hartwick  set 
himself  with  a  wisdom  and  energy,  which  considering 
bis  lamentable  want  of  executive  ability  in  ecclesiastical 
affiiirs,  can  be  regarded  as  little  short  of  miraculous. 
Taking  advantage  of  the  fears  of  Sir  William  Johnson 
for  the  safety  of  the  northern  frontier,  after  the  battle 
of  Fort  George,  in  which  Williams,  the  founder  of 
Williams  College,  Mass.,  and  Hendrik,  the  famous 
Mohawk  warrior  were  slain  ;  he  prepared  a  petition  to 
his  majesty  George  II,  to  be  signed  by  the  Indians 
of  Canadjoharie,  proposing  a  plan  for  the  settlement  of 
the  difficulty,  which,  while  it  would  secure  peace 
upon  the  border,  would  inure  greatly  to  his  own 
advantage.  This  petition  was  conveyed  to  the 
Indians  in  a  letter  of  condolence  for  the  loss  of  their 
famous  warrior  Hendrik,  dated  January  15th,  1756, 
and  concludes  with  the  following  significant  sugges- 
tion :  "  Lastly,  my  brethren,  let  my  tears  be  wiped 
oif,  for  the  death  of  my  brother  Henry,  by  a  letter 
to  great  King  George,  which  I  beseech  you  to  sub- 
scribe in  my  behalf,  lest  I  might  lose  the  fruit 
of  so  many  years'  toil,  trouble  and  charges.  And 
I  assure  you,  as  soon  as  the  Lord  shall  enable 
me,  you  shall  not  find  me  ungrateful.  And  as  I 
have  not  been  unmindful  hitherto,  but  remembered 
3 


18  HISTORICAL    ADDRESS. 

you  at  the  throne  of  grace,  so  shall  I  in  all  time  to 
come,"  He  also  wrote  to  Sir  William  Johnson,  pro- 
posing the  same  plan,  and  endeavoring  to  secure  his 
influence.  "  If  your  honor,"  he  writes,  "  approves 
of  m}^  scheme,  and  promoteth  a  suhscription  of  the 
Indians  to  the  inclosed  petition,  I  shall,  God  willing, 
undertake  a  voyage  to  England,  and  promote  the 
scheme  with  all  my  might." 

The  following  extract  from  the  petition  referred  to, 
entitled :  "  The  humhle  address  of  the  chiefs  and  others 
of  the  Mohawk  Indians  of  Canadschohary,  to  the-  great 
sachem  of  the  British  nation,  George  II,"  unfolds 
the  suggested  plan,  and  fully  justifies  my  comment, 
that  while  the  defense  of  the  country  was  its  ostensible 
object,  John  C.  Hartwick  was  the  person  most  to  be 
benefited. 

"  By  long  experience  we  know,"  said  they,  "  that  the 
guarding  the  provinces  of  your  majesty  against  the 
encroachments  and  insults  of  a  foreign  enemy,  by 
means  depending  on  an  assembly,  the  members  whereof 
for  the  greatest  part  live  remote  from  them,  is  a  very 
precarious  and  ineffectual  method;  and,  therefore,  we 
■humbly  take  upon  us  to  propose  another,  viz  : 

"  That  your  majesty  might  be  pleased  to  grant  to 
such  persons,  as  are  willing  and  able  to  settle  and 
cultivate  —  and  to  whom  we  should  be  inclined  to 
sell — tracts  of  land  sufficient  to  erect  towns  and  forts 
thereon ;  under  the  restrictions  and  conditions,  to  settle 
thereon  in  towns,  and  not  in  so  scattered  a  manner  as 
is  done  in  other  parts  of  the  country,  to  fortify,  garrison 
and  defend  such  towns,  to  settle  and  maintain  ministers 
of  the  gospel  and  schoolmasters,  both  for  themselves, 
and  the  Indians  living  about  them,  and  to  free  such 
towns   and  precincts   from    all    other    public    taxes, 


HISTORICAL     AD])RESS.  19 

expenses  and   troul)los  wliereiii  tliey    should,  not  "l)e 
particularly  concerned. 

"  And  whereas  we  find  John  Christopher  Hartwick 
minister  of  the  gospel  inclined,  and  conceive  him  able 
to  promote  the  kingdom  of  Christ,  and  that  of  your 
majesty;  therefore,  after  he  had  obtained  your 
majesty's  license  to  purchase,  we  have  sold  him  in 
your  majesty's  name  a  tract  of  land,  the  remotest  that 
hath  been  purchased  yet.  And  whereas,  both  by  rea- 
son of  the  great  distance  from  market,  and  because  of 
the  nearness  of  the  enemy's  country,  and  the  adjoining 
wilderness ;  the  people  that  would  undertake  to  settle 
it,  must  labor  under  great  hardships  and  difficulties, 
arisinfii:  from  the  above  mentioned  circumstances 
easil}^  to  be  conceived,  and  too  tedious  to  mention  to 
your  majesty;  and  whereas  the  far  greater  part  of  the 
tract  of  land  aforesaid  is  not  improvable,  and  what  is 
so,  is  much,  interrupted  by  hills,  so  that  the  good  can 
not  be  separated  from  the  bad  without  putting  the 
undertaker  to  unsupportable  charges ;  the  land  must 
either  remain  waste  to  the  detriment  of  your  majesty's 
interests  because  it  cannot  make  o-ood  the  charo;es  and 
fees  of  surveying  and  patenting  which  are  great,  or 
bring  up  the  quit  rent  which  is  now  higher  than 
that  which  is  paid  for  good,  conveniently  and  safely 
situated  land ;  or,  an  exemption  must  be  granted. 

"  For  these  reasons,  and  from  such  considerations  as 
these,  as  also  from  the  confidence  we  put  in  the  grace 
and  favor  which  your  majesty  hath  always  been  wont  to 
bestow  upon  us;  we  have  taken  upon  us  to  intercede 
with  your  majesty  in  behalf  of  the  aforementioned  John 
Christopher  Hartwick,  humbly  praying  your  majesty 
to  grant  to  the  said  John  Christopher  Hartwick  the 
tract  of  land  sold  to  him  by  us,  and  more  particularly 


20  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

described  in  the  deeds  of  conveyance,  and  retnrns  of  the 
surveyor,  on  such  easy  terms  as  to  your  majesty  in  your 
grace  and  wisdom  shall  seem  most  fit  and  expedient 
for  the  intents  and  purposes  aforementioned,  which 
we  forbear  mentioning  at  large,  being  confident  your 
majesty's  wisdom  will  from  this  hint  easily  infer  them." 

Whether  this  petition  ever  reached  his  majesty,  is 
extremely  problematical ;  at  least  we  know  that  Mr. 
Hartwiek  did  not  go  to  England  to  present  it  in  person  ; 
and  it  is  reasonable  to  conclude  from  the  time  that 
elapsed  before  the  granting  of  the  patent,  that  he  failed 
•in  his  well  laid  scheme;  for  it  was  not  until  the  22d  of 
April,  1761,  that  he  succeeded  in  obtaining  the  long 
expected  boon. 

Meanwhile,  he  did  not  pass  his  days  in  listless  inacti- 
vity, for  we  hear  of  him  everywhere,  wandering  hither 
and  thither,  with  characteristic  restlessness,  and  with 
no  certain  dwelling  place;  but  nevertheless  always 
endeavoring  to  minister  to  the  necessities  of  his  coun- 
trymen and  to  feed  them  with  the  bread  and  the  water 
of  life.  Now,  we  find  him  serving  the  congregation  at 
Trappe  for  six  months ;  and  then  for  three  Sundays  in 
the  German  Reformed  church  at  Philadelphia,  on  his 
own  responsibility  inviting  those  to  hear  him  preach 
who  were  standing  idle  in  the  Market-place.  In  1762, 
we  find  him  at  Frederick,  Maryland ;  where  the  con- 
gregation ofiiered  him  a  call,  and  entered  into  a  formal 
contract  obligating  themselves  to  give  him  an  adequate 
support ;  but  even  while  having  the  call  under  consi- 
deration, he  capriciously  leaves  them  for  a  time,  per- 
suaded that  another  people  had  a  stronger  claim  upon 
his  services.  In  1768,  we  find  him  again  at  Frederick 
taking  spiritual  oversight  of  the  congregation ,  but  it  is 
only  for  the  space  of  eight  months,  when  he  journeys 


HISTORICAL    ADDRESS.  21 

into  Virginia,  and  assumes  the  charge  of  the  churches 
at  Winchester  and  its  vicinity  in  the  valley  of  the 
Shenandoah.  In  1774,  he  is  pastor  of  the  scattered 
Lutherans  in  Boston,  Mass.,  and  in  July  of  the  same 
year  he  is  holding  forth  in  Waldoborough  near  Great 
Bay,  on  the  sterile  coast  of  what  is  now  the  state  of 
Maine.  But  it  is  impossible,  at  this  late  day,  to  trace 
him  in  all  his  wanderings.  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  while 
he  was  a  good  and  conscientious  man,  and  faithful  to 
his  convictions  of  duty,  his  unfortunate  peculiarities 
interfered  with  his  usefulness,  and  prevented  his 
remaining  for  any  considerable  period  a  pastor  any- 
where ;  and,  besides,  it  seemed  as  if  the  spirit  of  the 
wandering  Jew  had  taken  full  possession  of  him,  for 
in  no  case,  did  obligations,  however  strong,  bind  him 
to  the  same  people,  longer  than  six  months,  or  at  most 
a  year. 

It  may  be  as  well  to  mention  in  this  connection 
that  Hartwick  was  as  averse  to  matrimonial,  as 
to  ecclesiastical  ties.  Indeed,  unless  all  tradition 
is  at  fixult,  and  shamefully  belies  him,  he  was  a  most 
determined  hater  of  the  female  sex.  It  was  not  an 
uncommon  thing  for  him,  if  he  saw  that  he  was  about 
to  meet  a  woman  in  the  road,  to  cross  over,  or  even 
to  leap  a  fence  in  order  to  avoid  her.  It  is  said  that, 
on  one  occasion,  when  he  was  disturbed  in  preaching 
by  the  presence  of  a  dog,  he  exclaimed  with  much 
earnestness,  that  they  had  better  keep  their  dogs  and 
children  at  home,  and  it  would  not  be  much  matter, 
if  they  kept  their  women  there  too.  I  was  told  by 
a  former  resident  of  this  valley  —  some  of  whose 
descendants  I  see  before  me  to-day  —  that  when  this 
country  had  only  begtm  to  be  inhabited  —  and  he  was 
among  the  first  to  bring  hither  his  household  gods  — 


22  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

he  was  surprised,  one  evening  by  a  visit  from  his 
eccentric  landlord.  My  informant  was  then  a  young 
man,  and  he  and.  his  wife  occupied  a  log  hut,  in  which 
there  was  only  one  bedroom,  and  one  bed.  Their 
only  sleeping  accommodations  they  very  cheerfully 
gave  up  to  their  clerical  guest,  and  stretched  them- 
selves out  on  the  floor  before  the  kitchen  fire.  In  the 
course  of  the  night  the  wife  awoke,  and.  found,  that 
the  weather  had  become  much  colder,  and  it  instantly 
occurred  to  her  that  the  occupant  of  her  bed  might 
not  have  a  sufficient  quantity  of  clothing  over  him. 
Her  concern  for  his  comfort  led  her  to  arise,  and  go 
silently  into  his  room,  and  spread  upon  his  bed  a 
part  of  her  own  very  simple  wardrobe.  But  such  a 
thing  was  not  to  be  done  by  a  woman,  and  yet  escape 
the  observation  of  such  a  woman-hater.  No  sooner 
had  the  oifense  been  committed,  than  her  guest  arose, 
dressed  himself,  made  his  way  out  of  the  house  to 
the  stable,  saddled  his  horse,  and  rode  oft'. 

It  has  been  conjectured  that  disappointment  in  love, 
in  early  life  soured  his  mind  against  the  sex  ;  and  a  late 
writer  in  the  Emngelical  Magazine  has  attempted  to 
prove  tliat  he  once  really  felt  the  tender  passion.  But 
I  must  confess  myself  unconvinced.  It  sometimes 
pleases  Divine  Providence  to  place  very  precious 
jewels  in  most  ungainly  caskets;  and  it  is  highly 
probable  that  Hartwick  was  one  of  those  unfortunate 
beings  who  are  constitutionally  unfitted  to  be  polished 
by  woman's  infiuence.  In  my  early  youth  I  was  well 
acquainted  with  many  of  his  cotemporaries,  and  they 
all  concurred  in  representing  him  as  wery  slovenly 
in  his  habits,  often  preaching  in  his  blanket  coat,  and 
not  always  with  the  cleanest  linen ;  eccentric  in  his 
manners,    curt,    and    at  times   irritable   in    his  inter- 


HISTORICAL    ADDRESS.  23 

course  with  others;   and  an  exceedingly   undesirable 
inmate  of  the  social  and  domestic  circle.     So  much 
was  this  the  case  that    his  hosts    did  not  hesitate  to 
prescribe  limits  to  his  visits  ;  and  to  tell  him  plainly, 
"  You  may  stay  here  so  many  days  and  then  you  must 
go."     It  may  be  that  these  men  judged  merely  from 
the  outside,  and  that  his  many  sterhng  qualities,  both 
of  head  and  heart,  failed  to  attract  their   notice ;    for 
it  is  certain  that  one  who  secured  the  friendship  of 
such  men  as  the  Muhlenbergs,  the  Van  Rensselaers 
and  the  Livingstons  must  have  been  no  ordinary  per- 
son.    Yet  we  cannot  doubt,  that  even  for  the  age  in 
which  he  lived,  he  was  rough  and  unpolished,  better 
fitted   for  companionship  with   the  untutored  savage, 
than  for  the   abodes  of  refined  and  civilized  society. 
Immediately  after  the  revolution,  and  the  establish- 
ment of  our  independence,  Hartwick  returned  from 
his  distant  wanderings ;  and  from  that  time  until  his 
death  resided  in  the  state  of  I^ew  York,  occasionally 
preaching   as   he    had  opportunity,   in   destitute    con- 
gregations, but  principally  occupied  in  taking  care  of 
his  estate.     Some  ten  years  before  the  war,  he  had 
commenced   a  clearing,  with    a   view    to    settlement, 
not  far  from  the  outlet  of  Otsego  lake,  but  finding 
that  his  patent  did  not  cover  the  ground,   he   soon 
abandoned  it.     But  now  he  began  in  good  earnest  to 
establish  a  colony;    and    the  leases  he  issued   to   the 
settlers  evinced  that  he  had  not  forgotten  his  original 
project:  to   make  churches  and  schools,  or  education 
and   Christianity,  the  great  bulwarks  against   the  en- 
croachments of  war  and  infidelity.     To  this  end  the 
following  conditions  were  appended  to  all  these  leases, 
and    agreed  to   by  the  tenants:  "Be  it  remembered 
tliat  among  the    conditions  on  wdiich  the   validity  of 


24  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

this  instrument  dependetli,  the  following  is  intended 
to  be  the  principal  one,  viz :  That  the  grantee  he, 
or  become,  within  a  year's  time  from  the  date  of  these 
presents,  a  parishioner  to  all  intents  and  purposes; 
which  consists  in  the  following  particulars,  viz  : 

"1st.  To  acknowledge  the  grantor,  John  Christo- 
pher Hartwick,  or  his  substitute,  for  his  pastor, 
teacher,  and  spiritual  counsellor. 

"  2nd,  To  behave  himself  to  him,  with  his  family, 
agreeably  to  this  relation. 

"  3d.  To  attend  regularly,  decently,  attentively  and 
devoutly  Divine  service  and  instruction,  performed 
and  given  by  the  said  J.  C.  Hartwick  or  his  substitute. 

"  4th.  To  aid  and  assist  according  to  his  ability,  in 
building  and  repairing  church,  parish  and  school 
houses. 

"  5th.  To  keep  his  children  and  servants  to  school 
and  catechization,  until  they  are  fit  to  be  confirmed,  if 
baptized,  in  infancy ;  and  if  not,  until  they  are  fit  to 
be  baptized,  and  admitted  to  the  sacrament  of  the 
Lord's  supper." 

As  there  has  been  much  misapprehension  with 
regard  to  the  amount  of  property  owned  by  Hartwick 
here ;  it  may  be  well  to  state  that  amount,  as  taken 
from  authentic  records.  It  will  be  remembered  that 
among  the  eleven  original  petitioners  for  a  license  to 
purchase  lands,  several  only  lent  their  names  for  this 
purpose.  Afterwards  when  the  patent  had  been 
given,  and  a  settlement  made,  seven  of  these  relin- 
quished their  claims  in  favor  of  Mr.  Hartwick,  so 
that  he  became  entitled  to  eight-elevenths  of  all  the 
property  purchased.  This  property  was  subsequently 
divided  into  eleven  shares  or  sections,  estimated  to 
contain  two  thousand  acres  each.     Of  these,  the  first 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  25 

two  sections,  or  those  furthest  south,  on  the  Milford 
line  were  allotted  to  Derick  Leffarts,  and  Godfrey 
Banyer;  the  third  to  the  tentli  inclusive,  containing 
eight  sections  or  sixteen  thousand  acres  to  J.  C.  Hart- 
wick;  and  the  eleventh,  or  one  nearest  Cooperstown  to 
Theodore  Frelinghuysen  and  Elizabeth  Cooper. 

To  the  management  of  this  large  estate,  Hartwick 
devoted  himself  with  all  the  energy  and  zeal  of  which 
he  was  capable  ;  but  owing  to  his  desultory  habits,  and 
the  increasing  infirmities  of  age,  with  but  little  success. 
He  was  therefore  induced  to  transfer  the  management 
to  younger  and  older  hands ;  and  on  the  13th  of 
May,  1791,  appointed  William  Cooper  as  his  agent, 
with  authority  to  dispose  of  the  whole  of  the  property, 
only  reserving  for  his  own  purposes  some  3,000  acres. 
And  now  the  progress  was  as  rapid,  as  before  it  had 
been  slow ;  for  before  the  close  of  the  year  upwards  of 
thirteen  thousand  acres  were  disposed  of  or  leased  to 
thirty-four  proprietors  for  ten  years,  at  the  rate  of  one 
shilling  per  acre  annual  rent,  with  the  privilege  at  the 
close  of  that  period  of  purchasing  the  fee  simple  at 
fourteen  shillings  per  acre. 

It  seems  that  Hartwick  entered  into  this  arrange- 
ment without  consultation  with  any  of  his  friends,  and 
afterwards  was  far  from  being  satisfied  with  its  results ; 
for  not  only  was  he  thereby  cut  off"  from  his  original 
design  of  being  the  spiritual  director  of  his  tenants, 
but  by  the  apportionment  of  the  lands  among  so  small 
a  number  of  proprietors,  an  effectual  end  was  put  to 
his  favorite  scheme  of  building  a  city  in  which  his 
proposed  gymnasium  should  flourish  through  the 
coming  ages.  This  arrangement  was  also  unfortunate 
in  another  respect,  as  it  led  to  a  complication  of 
difficulties  and  embarrassments  which,  in  after  years, 
4 


26  IIISTOEICAL     ADDRESS. 

induced  the  several  tenants  to  assign  their  leases  to 
Mr.  Cooper;  and  thus  enabled  him,  by  the  payment 
of  the  back  rents,  and  specified  purchase  money  to 
become  the  sole  proprietor  of  these  broad  lands  which 
would  otherwise  have  proved  a  perpetual  source  of 
revenue  for  our  much  loved  seminary.  I  am  not  quite 
sure  whether  I  rightly  understand,  or  have  given  the 
proper  view  of  this  transaction ;  for  the  papers  in 
relation  to  it  are  so  very  voluminous,  and  involved  in 
so  much  obscurity,  that  the  executors  failed  to  com- 
prehend them,  and  even  two  or  three  lawyers  were  at 
fault.  But  I  cannot  be  mistaken  as  to  the  result,  for 
from  this  period  these  lands  passed  out  of  the  posses- 
sion of  Mr.  Hartwick;  and,  save  for  the  paltry  sum 
for  which  they  were  sold,  were  of  no  further  benefit  to 
the  institution  which  he  had  so  persistently  labored 
to  establish. 

And  now  the  inevitable  hour  was  at  hand  when 
Hartwick  was  to  render  in  an  account  of  his  steward- 
ship. During  his  whole  life  he  had  labored  for  one 
object;  but  unable  by  reason  of  his  many  infirmities 
to  carry  out  fully  his  benevolent  designs,  he  felt  that 
he  must  needs  impose  the  burden  upon  others.  And 
the  way  in  which  he  did  this,  was  characteristic  of  the 
man.  It  seems  that  he  had  prepared  his  will,  and 
some  ten  months  before  his  death  had  written  to  an 
eminent  jurist  for  his  opinion  in  relation  to  its  provi- 
sions. The  answer  of  Mr.  Peter  W.  Yates,  the  jurist 
referred  to,  was  direct  and  pertinent :  "I  am  of 
opinion"  said  he,  "that  your  will  and  testament  as  it 
now  stands  will  not  stand  the  test  of  law,  and  by  no 
means  answer  your  good  and  pious  intentions.  It  is 
legally  defective  in  every  page,  and  almost  every 
sentence.     Besides  all  this,  there  has  been  so  o^reat  a 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  27 

change  and  transmutation  of  your  real  estate  since 
you  made  that  will,  as  will  lay  the  foundation  of  great 
and  endless  litigation.  I  entreat  you  therefore  imme- 
diately to  draw  one  de  novo.  Whatever  part  of 
your  estate  you  intend  for  pious  or  ecclesiaytical 
purposes,  you  must  give  and  devise  to  two  or  three 
persons  in  fee  simple,  in  trust  for  those  purposes ;  and 
after  the  devise  add  the  uses  and  purposes  to  which  it 
is  to  be  applied.  When  you  mean  to  devise  any  part 
of  your  estate  to  individuals,  say  so,  and  devise  it  to 
them,  and  their  heirs.  You  may  also  nominate 
certain  persons  who  understand  the  nature  of  your 
estate,  and  its  ditliculties,  as  your  executors,  and 
empower  them  to  do,  and  to  act,  as  you  would  wish 
and  intend."  It  was  not,  therefore,  for  lack  of  proper 
instructions,  but  because  he  was  determined  to  do 
things  after  his  own  fashion  that  he  persisted  in 
retaining  the  will  he  had  prepared.  And  the  only 
consequence  of  Mr.  Yates's  judicious  advice  was  the 
addition  of  another  codicil,  which  he  executed  but  an 
hour  before  his  death,  and  which  rendered  what  was 
already  defective  still  more  incongruous,  by  the 
appointment  of  an  additional  executor,  a  recommend- 
ation to  ministers  of  different  denominations  to 
prepare  a  scriptural  catechism  in  which  all  might  be 
agreed,  and  "  the  formation  of  a  society  for  the  execu- 
tion of  the  charitable  design  of  his  last  will  and  testa- 
ment." 

This  will  is  a  curiosity  in  itself,  and  as  it  has  been 
made  by  those  learned  in  the  law  to  mean  any  thing, 
and  every  thing,  according  to  their  preconceived 
opinions,  it  may  be  well  to  give  a  brief  description  of 
its  contents.     It  opens  thus  : 

''  Immanuel.     To  Thee,  Jesus    Christ,  son  of  God 


28  HISTORICAL    ADDRESS. 

and  man,  head  of  the  church,  of  which  I  have  been 
made  a  member  by  being  baptized  in  Thy  name,  and 
to  whom  I  have  sworn  allegiance  at  my  confirmation, 
whose  servant  and  minister  in  the  Gospel  I  have 
been  consecrated  at  my  ordination,  whose  I  am  and 
whom  I  serve  with  all  my  power,  faculties,  and  estate, 
both  alive  and  dead.  It  is  on  account  of  the  last  that 
I  take  the  liberty  of  writing  this  humble  address  to 
Thee,  who,  when  in  the  state  of  Humiliation  on  earth 
hadst  not  whereon  to  lay  Thy  head,  but  whom  on  that 
account  Thy  Father  hath  appointed  heir  of  all, 
because  it  hath  pleased  Thee  to  intrust  me  with  a 
portion  of  earth  to  put  out  upon  interest,  and  at  Thy 
command  to  restore  with  usury,  and  therefore  having 
been  hindered  by  unfavorable  times  and  circum- 
stances, to  put  Thy  will  and  my  design  sooner  in 
execution,  and  seeing  no  probability,  by  reason  of  age 
and  infirmities,  to  put  my  purpose  into  execution,  I 
must  transfer  this  my  trust  to  others,  by  declaring  my 
design  relating  to  my  temporal  estate  as  my  constant 
will,  in  form  of  my  last  will  and  testament,  which  I 
do  in  this  instrument,  written  by  mine  own  hand,  in 
the  best  manner  and  form  I  am  able,  protesting 
against  any  exceptions  from  want  of  law  or  judicial 
form.  Know  ye,  therefore,  all  to  whom  these  presents 
may  come  or  who  may  have  any  concern  therein,  that 
1  have  appointed,  and  by  these  presents  do  appoint, 
for  my  heirs,  Jesus  Christ,  the  son  of  God  and 
man,  and  upon  his  account,  and  agreeable  to  his  will, 
implied  in  my  calling  such  of  the  ignorant  and  ungos- 
pelized  part  of  mankind,  of  whatsoever  state,  color 
or  complexion,  who  shall  make  application  to  my 
executors  and  administrators,  and  bind  themselves 
to   the   rules   as   shall   be    established  in  order  to  be 


HISTORICAL     AI)J)KES.S.  29 

instructed  in  the  Christian  religion,  according  to  a 
plan  and  method  to  be  annexed  to  this  instrument  in 
form  of  a  schedule  of  the  same  validity." 

He  then  appoints  the  Hon.  Jeremiah  Van  Rensse- 
laer, of  Albany,  executor,  and  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Kunze, 
of  New  York,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Helniutli  of  Phila- 
delphia, as  curators,  "  who  are  to  provide  (as  teachers 
in  the  new  institution)  proper,  learned  and  godly  per- 
sons, regularly  qualitied,  according  to  the  discipline  of 
the  evangelical  church,  adhering  to  the  Augsburg 
confession. 

By  the  first  codicil,  he  gives  all  the  lauds  in  Hart- 
wick,  Otsego  Co.,  not  disposed  of  by  him  or  which 
were  not  granted  away  by  his  attorney  before  the 
revocation  of  his  power,  to  be  laid  out  into  a  regular 
town,  closely  built,  to  be  called  the  New  Jerusalem, 
with  buildings  and  a  hall  for  a  gymnasium,  which  he 
entitles  A  Gymnasium  Evangelimtm  Minisieriale  iwo 
propagatione  EmngeliccE  Ckrisiia.nce  religionis  inter  Gen- 
tiles ;  and  also  devises  one  hundred  acres  to  be  laid 
out  for  a  glebe  of  an  evangelical  minister,  who  is  to 
be  called  and  appointed  by  the  faculty. 

2.  In  the  second  codicil  he  declares  the  design  of 
the  institution  to  be  the  training  of  young  men, 
properly  qualified  in  body  and  mind  for  the  preaching 
of  the  gospel  to  the  natives,  who  are  not  yet  Christian- 
ized, and  therefore  yet  in  a  state  of  barbarity,  and 
thorns  to  our  eyes,  and  pricks  in  our  sides ;  and  pro- 
vides that  whenever  there  should  be  no  more  need  of 
missionaries  to  red  or  black  heathens,  or  the  revenue 
of  his  estate  would  bear  it,  the  compass  of  instruction 
might  be  enlarged  to  classical  learning ;  and  adds 
"  but  no  heathen  author  shall  ever  be  allowed  to  be 
taught  in   the  institution  to  stain  the  mind  of  youth  ; 


30  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

and  as  for  discipline,  he  who  requires  a  whip  is  only 
fit  for  the  army.  The  rod  is  a  divine  institution,  but 
only  for  children  not  come  to  ripeness  of  judgment." 

3.  In  the  third  codicil  he  gives  his  curriculum  or 
autobiography,  alread}^  referred  to  in  the  former  part 
of  this  address. 

4.  In  the  fourth  he  devises  £40  for  the  construction 
of  a  stone  coffin  and  vault  for  his  burial  under  the 
pulpit  of  Ebenezer  church,  Albany,  and  £40  for  the 
support  of  a  minister  there,  under  the  direction  of 
the  curators,  with  various  other  bequests  of  land  to  the 
sons  of  his  brothers  and  sister. 

5.  In  the  fifth  codicil  he  provides  for  preaching  in 
the  institution  "  every  day  by  a  member  of  the  doc- 
trinal department,  at  an  hour  when  all  members  of 
the  community  may,  as  they  ought,  attend  morning 
and  evening  prayers." 

6.  In   the    sixth,    among  various  other  legacies    he 

bequeaths  50  acres  to for  waiting  upon  him  and 

carefully  executing  his  commands,  but  provides  that 
if  he  should,  die  under  age  or  run  away  from  his 
guardian  or  turn  a  reprobate,  which  God  forbid,  this 
land  should  be  given  to  WiUiam  Clement  in  fee 
simple  for  two  dollars  an  acre. 

7.  The  seventh  codicil  provides  for  the  government 
of  the  institution,  and 

8.  The  eighth  and  last,  already  referred  to,  recom- 
mends ministers  of  difi'erent  denominations  — whom  he 
does  not  specify — to  draw  up  a  scriptural  or  Bible 
catechism,  wherein  all  the  essential  questions  of  the 
Christian  religion  are  answered  and  Christian  doctrines 
contained,  avoiding  all  controversial  questions,  for  the 
use  of  his  institution,  and  desires  the  organization  of 
a  society  for  the  execution  of  his  charitable  designs  in 


IIISTOUICAL     ADDRESS.  31 

"  humanizing,  civilizing,  moralizing  and  Christianizing 
not  only  the  savage  inhabitants  of  North  America, 
hut  other  barbarous  nations  with  whom  the  United 
States  of  America  might  have  connection  or  inter- 
course," With  this  view  he  appoints  the  Rev.  Frederic 
Aug.  Muhlenberg,  then  speaker  of  the  house  of  re- 
presentatives, not  only  an  executor,  administrator  and 
curator,  but  also  as  president  of  said  society,  and 
entreats  him  to  bring  this  matter,  as  one  of  national 
concern,  to  the  attention,  care  and  protection  of 
congress. 

We  have  said  that  this  last  codicil  was  added,  and 
the  will  executed  but  an  hour  before  his  death.  And 
this  reminds  us  of  a  fanciful  story  in  connection  with 
this  event,  which  is  related  by  all  his  biographers,  as 
illustrating  the  power  of  the  imagination  over  the 
mind.  It  is  asserted  that  about  forty  years  before  his 
death  the  impression  became  fixed  upon  his  mind  that 
his  life  was  just  half  spent,  and  that  consequently  he 
knew  the  day  and  hour  of  his  departure;  that  the  day 
preceding  the  anticipated  event  he  arrived  at  the 
house  of  J.  R.  Livingston,  announcing  that  he  came 
there  to  die,  and  that  on  the  following  day  just  as  the 
clock  tolled  the  appointed  hour  of  eleven,  "  kind 
nature  softl}'  disengaged  the  vital  cord  and  without  a 
sigh  or  groan  he  closed  his  eyes  on  earth  and  opened 
them  in  heaven."  I  know  not  whence  this  story 
originated,  but  there  is  no  foundation  for  it  in  fact, 
nor  is  there  any  reason  to  believe  that  death  did  not 
come  to  him  as  he  comes  to  all,  unexpectedly,  and  in 
an  liour  when  he  looked  not  for  him.  As  we  learn 
from  letters  addressed  to  Mr.  Van  Rensselaer,  who  for 
many  years  acted  as  his  attorney  and  business  agent, 
Hartwick  was  on  his  way  from  New  York  to  Albany 


32  HISTORICAL    ADDRESS. 

to  meet  his  friend  Muhlenberg  and  consult  with  him 
in  regard  to  his  will,  when  he  landed  at  Clermont  and 
came  to  the  house  of  Mrs.  Livingston,  for  the  purpose, 
as  he  said,  of  recruiting  his  health,  being  afflicted  with 
the  asthma  and  much  fatigued  by  the  journey.  This 
was  on  Wednesday  the  11th  of  July,  and  on  the  fol- 
lowing Sunday,  without  any  previous  indisposition, 
save  the  asthma,  after  executing  his  will,  and  convers- 
ing with  the  son  of  Mrs.  Livingston  for  an  hour,  he 
suddenly  expired  without  any  pain  and  in  the  full 
possession  of  his  senses.  His  mortal  remains  were 
deposited  the  next  day  in  the  grave-yard  of  the 
Lutheran  church  at  East  Camp,  where  they  peacefully 
slept  until  about  two  years  afterwards,  when  they  were 
removed  in  accordance  with  his  wishes  as  expressed  in 
his  will,  to  find  a  permanent  resting  place  under  the 
pulpit  of  Ebenezer  church,  Albany,  as  appears  from 
the  following  quaint  entry  in  the  records  of  said 
church:  "About  the  beginning  of  May,  1798,  the 
body  was  deposited  in  a  stone  coffin,  secured  by  brick 
work  and  covered  with  a  marble  sepulchre  stone, 
which  is  visible  to  all  such  as  are  anxious  to  look  at  it, 
and  so  has  the  Lutheran  church  in  Albany  become  the 
dwelling  house  of  the  corpse  of  John  Christopher 
Hartwiek  until  the  coming  of  his  and  our  Lord." 

There  we  will  let  him  rest  and  turn  our  attention 
to  the  seminary  he  inaugurated,  through  which  "  he, 
being  dead,  yet  speaketh." 

The  executors  and  curators  mentioned  in  his  will, 
with  the  exception  of  the  Eev.  Dr.  Helmuth,  who 
declined  to  act,  held  their  first  session  on  the  15th  of 
September,  1797,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  and  after 
several  preliminary  resolutions  in  relation  to  the 
private  legacies  of  the  testator,  came  to  the  conclusion 


IIISTOUICAL     ADDRESS.  33 

that,  as  it  Avas  impossible  to  build  a  city  on  the 
property  of  the  deceased  according  to  his  wishes, 
seeing  that  the  greater  part  of  the  land  had  been  sold 
or  leased,  the  aA'ails  of  the  estate  ought  to  be  applied 
to  the  establishment  of  a  theological  and  missionary 
institute,  while  the  determination  of  its  location 
should  be  deferred  till  some  future  meeting.  Dr. 
John  C.  Kunze  was  at  the  same  time  appointed  lite- 
rary director  with  a  salary  of  $500  per  annum,  and  the 
Rev.  A.  T.  Braun,  pastor  of  the  Lutheran  church  at 
Albany,  his  assistant,  with  a  salary  of  $250  per  annum. 
It  Avas  also  resolved  with  tlie  intent  to  ascertain 
whether  the  land  in  the  patent  would  prove  an  eligible 
spot  for  the  seminary,  to  send  the  Rev.  John  Fred. 
Ernst  there,  to  preach  for  -the  inhabitants  and  to 
assist  in  the  education  of  their  youth,  giving  him  the 
use  of  one  handred  acres  of  land,  rent  free,  which  by 
the  will  was  intended  for  a  glebe,  and  in  addition  $250 
annually.  Rev.  Mr.  Ernst  accepted  the  position  and 
acted  in  this  capacity  for  three  or  four  years,  after 
which  time,  in  consequence  of  a  disagreement  between 
the  inhabitants  and  himself  he  left  the  patent,  when 
the  administrators  of  the  estate  resolved  that  twenty 
acres  of  land  should  be  appropriated  for  school  lots, 
and  that  sixty  pounds  annuall}^  be  paid  to  two  school- 
masters to  be  appointed  by  the  curators. 

But  no  sooner  was  it  known  abroad  that  a  seminary 
was  to  be  put  into  operation,  than  claims  and  offers 
from  various  localities  poured  in  for  the  institution. 
The  church  at  Rhinebeck,  where  the  Rev.  Dr.  Quit- 
man was  then  pastor,  seems  to  have  moved  first  in 
the  matter  and  made  generous  oilers  of  land  and 
subscriptions,  in  case  the  institution  should  be  esta- 
blished there.     But  this  application  found  no  advocate 


34  HISTORICAL    ADDRESS. 

among  the  administrators,  except  in  the  person  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Knnze.  Another  daim  was  presented  from 
the  United  Lntheran  churches  of  I^ew  York,  and  the 
managers  of  the  estate  were  at  one  time  willing,  if  it 
could  be  legally  done — for  which  parpftse  the  opinion 
of  Aaron  Burr  was  to  be  taken  —  to  transfer  to  them 
the  whole  of  the  property,  provided  the  corporation 
of  said  churches  would  give  bond  that  the  revenue 
arising  therefrom  should  be  solely  applied  for  the 
benefit  of  the  Hartwick  institution,  to  educate  ministers 
of  the  gospel  and  missionaries.  But  for  some  reasons 
unknown  the  transfer  was  not  made.  At  the  same 
time  the  people  of  Cooperstown  were  anxious  to 
connect  the  seminary  with  their  academy,  and  oft'ered 
the  building  lately  erected  at  a  cost  of  $1,500  for  this 
purpose.  Both  executors  gave  their  consent,  and 
serious  steps  were  taken  to  accomplish  this  object. 
But  the  project  failed  because  the  land  they  intended 
to  convey  to  the  trustees  of  said  academy  was  found 
to  have  already  been  sold  during  Hartwick's  lifetime. 

From  that  period  the  institution  seems  to  have  gone 
begging,  for  it  appears  that  the  Lutheran  church  at 
Schoharie  had  a  transfer  of  the  property  proposed  to 
them  and  were  willing  to  accept  the  otter.  Mr. 
Brauu,  the  assistant  professor,  thereupon  moved  from 
Albany  to  Schoharie,  and  collected  a  few  students 
whom  he  prepared  for  the  study  of  divinity.  But 
before  the  transfer  could  be  made,  the  trustees  of 
Ebenezer  church,  Albany,  who  imagined  that  their 
claims  were  superior  to  any  other  locality,  seeing  that 
the  remains  of  the  deceased  were  deposited  in  the 
chancel  of  their  church,  and  that  he  had  devised  a 
hundred  dollars  annually  for  the  support  of  their 
pastor,  laid  before  the  administrators,  now  reduced  to 


lllSTOlilCAI.     ADDJJESH.  35 

two  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Mulileiiljerg,  a  proposition 
which  seems  to  have  met  with  their  approval  For 
on  the  27th  of  October,  1801,  articles  of  agreement 
were  entered  into  between  the  parties,  by  which  all 
the  estate  was  to  be  deposited  with  the  trustees  of 
Ebenezer  church,  for  the  purposes  of  the  seminary, 
they  furnishing  the  site  and  promising  to  use  their 
best  endeavors  for  the  erection  of  a  suitable  building 
upon  it ;  and  the  literary  director  meanwhile  instruct- 
ing students  of  divinity  at  the  place  of  his  residence, 
and  his  assistant,  the  beginners.^ 

And  now  the  vexed  question  of  locality  being 
settled,  it  might  be  imagined  that  all  things  would 
work  smoothly  towards  the  desired  end.  The  trustees 
had  selected  an  appropriate  site  in  the  neighborhood 
of  the  Capitol,  issued  proposals  for  the  erection  of  the 
seminary  building,  purchased  stone  for  the  founda- 
tion, and  in  all  things  acted  as  if  they  had  a 
mind  to  work.  But  unexpected  obstacles  arose. 
The  inhabitants  of  the  patent,  who,  since  the  trans- 
fer, had  been  deprived  of  their  accustomed  yearly  con- 
tributions of  |150,  for  schools,  raised  a  sum  of  money 
for  the  prosecution  of  the  executor.  Dr.  Kunze, 
whose  salary  had  been  reduced  by  the  trustees,  was  far 
from  being  satisfied  with  the  arrangement,  and  refused 
to  join  with  Mr.  Van  Rensselaer  and  the  trustees  in  a 
petition  to  the  legislature  for  a  charter.  A  suit  in 
chancery  was  threatened.  A  resolution  was  intro- 
duced into  the  legislature  inquiring  whether  the 
property  of   Hartwick  for   want  of  proper  heirs  had 

1  The  whole  amount  of  the  property  thus  transferred,  as  appears 
from  a  schedule  signed  by  Jeremiah  Van  Rensselaer  and  the  trus- 
tees of  Ebenezer  church,  including  Western  turnpike  and  Western 
canal  stock  to  the  value  of  12,750,  was  $15,570.73. 


36  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

not  escheated  to  the  state,  and  so  many  discourage- 
ments were  thrown  in  the  way  that  the  work  ceased 
and  finally  at  a  meeting  of  the  trustees  on  the  14th  of 
April,  1808,  they  resolved  that  since  it  was  found 
impossible  to  execute  the  trust  committed  to  them, 
they  would  redeliver  the  property  into  the  liands  of 
the  only  surviving  executor,  J.  Van  Kensselaer  —  Dr. 
Kunze,  the  curator,  having  died  in  1807  —  and  two 
years  afterwards  the  materials  used  for  the  foundation 
were  ordered  to  be  sold. 

Thus  the  benevolent  intentions  of  Hartwick  with 
regard  to  the  establishment  of  a  seminaiy  were  as  far 
from  being  realized  as  ever,  though  more  than  twelve 
years  had  elapsed  since  the  period  of  his  death ;  nor 
were  the  prospects  for  the  future  more  encouraging. 
Mr.  Van  Rensselaer,  already  far  advanced  in  years, 
felt  himself  unable  to  resume  the  responsibility  of 
the  management  of  the  estate,  and  there  was  no  one 
\  who  could  legally  stand  in  the  gap  and  bear  the  burden. 
In  this  emergency  he  deputed  his  authority  to  John 
G.  Knauff,  a  practicing  ph3\sician  in  Albany  and  a 
trustee  of  Ebenezer  church,  whom  he  afterwards  by 
his  will  appointed  to  succeed  him  as  executor. 
Accordingly  that  gentleman  after  the  death  of  Van 
Rensselaer,  which  occurred  in  1810,  assumed  this 
onerous  charge,  and  having  determined,  after  con- 
sultation vvitli  the  officers  of  the  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Ministerium  of  the  State  of  New  York,  to  locate  the 
seminary  on  the  patent,  issued  proposals  for  the  erec- 
tion of  the  necessary  buildings  in  the  latter  part  of 
1811.  The  preliminaries  having  been  arranged  and 
a  favorable  contract  secured,  the  foundation  was  laid 
in  1812,  and  in  the  following  years  the  building  com- 
pleted under  the  superintendence  of  Samuel    Crafts, 


lllSTOlilCAL     ADDRESS.  .  37 

Esq.,  at  a  cost  of  $4,275,  to  wliieh  tlie  inliabitants  of 
the  patent  who  were  so  much  interested  in  securing 
educational  facilities  for  their  children,  contributed  the 
sum  of  $162.50.  It  is  true  that  this  was  not  all  that 
was  subscribed,  for  two  years  afterwards,  when  the 
charter  was  obtained,  and  Dr.  KnaufF  transferred  to 
the  trustees  the  management  of  the  funds,  $175  was 
returned  by  him  as  the  amount  of  back  subscriptions. 
But  $162.50,  I  believe,  is  all  that  was  ever  paid. 

And  now,  all  things  being  jprepared  for  the  opening 
of  this  school  of  the  prophets,  it  was  only  necessary 
to  find  the  man  fitted  by  nature  and  grace  to  take 
charge  of  its  destinies.  And  guided,  I  doubt  not  by 
that  overruling  Providence,  which  had  hitherto  sus- 
tained it  under  so  many  opposing  influences,  this 
man  was  found  in  the  person  of  Dr.  Ernst  Lewis 
Hazelius,  a  name  honored  wherever  known,  and 
cherished  in  the  hearts'  best  memories  of  all  who 
ever  came  under  his  instruction,  or  were  admitted  to 
his  companionship.  Under  his  direction,  assisted  by 
John  A.  Quitman,  afterwards  so  prominent  in  the 
history  of  our  country,  as  a  successful  general  and 
statesman,  the  seminary  commenced  its  operations  on 
the  15tli  of  December,  1815.  Nineteen  students 
attended  immediately ;  and  before  the  close  of  the 
term  forty-four  names  were  inscribed  upon  the  roll. 
At  the  first  commencement  held  on  the  26th  of 
August,  1816,  thirty-seven  young  men  were  exa- 
mined—  twenty-seven  of  them  students  of  the  clas- 
sics—  and  the  institution  may  be  said  to  have  fairly 
entered  upon  its  career  of  usefulness  and  honor. 

Hitherto,  however,  there  was  nothing  to  distinguish 
it  from  any  other  school  for  the  teaching  of  the 
classics,  and  its  missionary  and  theological  character 


38  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

was  unknown.  It  therefore  remained  for  the  regents 
of  the  university  to  give  it  that  character  and  to  con- 
fer upon  it  by  charter  the  proud  distinction  of  being 
the  first  theological  seminary  ever  established  in  the 
state.  This  was  done  by  virtue  of  an  act  passed  by 
the  legislature  on  the  17th  of  April,  1816,  which 
contained  the  stipulation  that  the  principal  of  this 
seminary  shall  always  be  a  Lutheran  minister  of  good 
standing,  and  that  the  majority  of  the  trustees  shall 
always  be  Lutheran  clergymen  and  laymen,  whose 
duty  it  shall  be,  in  addition  to  the  other  branches  of 
education  to  be  taught  in  said  seminary,  to  teach  can- 
didates for  the  gospel  ministry,  a  regular  system  of 
theology.  This  charter  was  granted  on  the  16th  of 
August,  1816,  just  fifty  years  ago  —  an  era  we  celebrate 
to-day,  and  which  deserves  to  be  commemorated,  as 
the  starting  point  of  an  institution  which  has  conferred 
upon  the  church  many  of  its  most  laborious  and 
exemplary  ministers  —  upon  the  state  not  a  few  of  its 
eminent  and  diligent  workers  for  God  and  for 
humanity  —  and  whose  influence  for  good,  in  the  multi- 
tudes who  have  here  been  fitted  for  usefulness  in  their 
day  and  generation  can  only  be  fully  known,  in  that 
great  day,  for  wliich  all  other  days  were  made,  when 
results  shall  be  traced  to  their  causes,  and  what  is  now 
hidden  shall  be  made  manifest  to  all. 

Oh  the  5th  of  September,  immediately  after  the 
delivery  of  the  charter.  Dr.  Knautt"  transferred  to  the 
board  of  trustees,  appointed  under  its  provisions,  what 
remained  of  the  estate  devised  by  Hartwick  twenty 
years  before,  to  carry  out  his  pious  and  benevolent 
design.  And  as  there  has  been  much  misapprehension 
with  regard  to  the  value  of  that  estate,  and  the  trustees 
have  been  frequently  charged  by   those  who  knew  no 


HISTORICAL     ADDRESS.  39 

better,  with  a  reckless  expenditure  of  these  fiiiids,  it 
may  be  as  well  to  state  in  this  connection  the  actual 
amount  of  the  property  so  transferred. 

It  appears  then  from  the  certificate  of  transfer 
signed  by  Dr.  KnauiF,  and  witnessed  by  Henry  Loucks 
his  attorney,  that  the  whole  amount  of  the  propei'ty 
at  that  time  was  : 

Real  estate  estimated  at,  $5,341 

"Western  turnpike  and  canal  stock,  2,750 

Bonds,  mortgages  and  notes,  11,117 

Making  a  total  of,  $19,208 

This  is  irrespective  of  the  seminary  lot  and  build- 
ings, valued  at  $4,980 ;  cash  subscription  of  the  inha- 
bitants of  the  patent  for  $175  ;  and  a  cash  balance  due 
from  Mr.  Knauff  of  $2,507,  for  which  he  gave  assets 
valued  at  $1,100.  A  year  afterwards  Wm.  C.  Bouck  — 
who  so  ably  conducted  the  financial  concerns  of  the 
board  from  its  first  organization  to  the  period  of  his 
death  —  reported  the  following  as  the  condition  of  the 
funds : 

Real  estate  and  stocks, $6,447  44 

Western  turnpike  and  canal  stock,...       2,750  00 
Bonds,  mortgages  and  notes, 10,568  12 

Making  a  total  of, $19,765  56 

Since  that  period  nearly  fifty  years  have  elapsed. 
Twelve  hundred  dollars  were  expended  in  1818,  for 
the  house  of  the  principal;  and  twenty-one  years 
later  $1,800  for  the  two  wings  added  to  the  seminary. 
Meantime  the  Western  turnpike  and  canal  stocks 
amounting  to  $2,750,  have  become  entirely  worthless ; 
and  yet,  as  appears  from  the  report  of  the  financial 
agent  —  General  Sandfoixl  the  worthy  successor  of  a 


40  HISTORICAL     ADDRESS. 

worthy  father-in-law  —  the  amount  of  property  to-day 
in  the  hands  of  the  board  is  eighteen  thousand,  one 
hundred  aiidfour  dollars,  and  forty -one  cents.  From  this 
simple  statement  you  may  form  an  accurate  judgment 
whether  the  funds  have  been  recklessly  squandered, 
or  as  becomes  so  sacred  a  trust,  carefully  and  judi- 
ciously managed. 

And  now  my  task  is  almost  done.  For  though  it 
would  afford  me  a  mournful  pleasure  to  review  the 
history  of  the  past  half  century  in  connection  with 
the  pleasant  memories  which  cluster  round  this  spot ; 
and  above  all  to  pay  a  grateful  tribute  to  the  venerable 
man  whom  I  am  proud  to  call  my  friend,  and  who 
has  so  ably  presided  in  the  theological  department  for 
upwards  of  a  generation,  yet  the  length  of  this  address 
which  has  so  severely  tried  your  patience,  and  my 
own  failing  strength,  admonish  me  to  forbear.  I  will 
only  add  that  the  contrast  of  the  past  with  the  present 
in  the  history  of  this  institution  fills  me  with  hope  as 
to  its  future.  Of  the  trustees  who  took  their  seats 
here  fifty  years  ago  —  Quitman,  Moeller,  Wackerhagen, 
Mayer  and  the  rest  —  all  have  long  since  passed  to 
their  dread  account,  and  others  have  entered  upon  their 
labors.  Of  the  merry  company  who  traveled  with 
me  from  Albany,  at  the  opening  of  the  fall  term  fifty 
years  ago,  the  two  Quitmans,  Traver,  Sutermeister 
and  Angel,  I  am  the  only  survivor;  and  of  the  sixty-six 
students  who  then  gathered  day  by  day  within  those 
classic  halls,  as  far  as  I  can  ascertain  Loomis  of  Pitts- 
burg, Eisenlord  of  Montgomery,  and  myself  are  alone 
among  the  living.  All  its  early  advocates  and 
patrons,  together  with  the  venerable  man  who  then 
so  ably  presided  as  its  principal,  have  gone  hence, 
and   ai-e    no   more   known  aniono-  the  habitations    of 


HISTORICAL    ADDRESS.  41 

moii;  but  tlie  Iiistitutiou  still  survives,  instead  of  the 
fathers  are  the  children ;  and  hope  whispers  in  my 
ear,  that  among  them  God  will  raise  up  other  and 
abler  advocates  and  patrons,  who  shall  permanently 
endow  it,"  rebuild  its  crumbling  Avails,  fill  all  its 
departments  with  learned  professors  and  devoted 
students,  and  cause  its  light  to  shine  farther  and 
wider,  dispensing  blessings,  rich  and  innumerable, 
upon  our  churches,  our  country  and  the  world,  through 
all  the  coming  ages,  till  time  shall  be  no  more !  And 
who  among  the  alumni  will  be  so  recreant  to  his 
alma  mater,  as  not  to  respond  with  his  whole  soul  : 
Amen  !  Amen  !     So  may  it  be,  Amen  ! 


POEM. 

BY  THE  REV.   WTiLLIAM   HULL. 

We  stand  on  hallowed  ground.     This  sacred  spot, 
For  fifty  years  has  schooled  the  gospel  prophet 
In  learning's  varied  walks,  and  from  hence 
With  tearful  eye  and  throbbing  heart  he's  gone 
To  take  his  station  on  the  lofty  walls 
Of  Zion  :  that  as  a  faithful  watchman. 
He  might  watch  for  souls,  and  blow  his  trumpet 
Loud  and  long  as  dreaded  danger  thi-eatened. 
He  toiled  and  prayed,  and  wept  and  taught, 
Until  the  master  said,  "  It  is  enough ;  " 
"  Friend  come  up  higher ;"  and  gladly  he  laid 
His  earthly  burden  by,  to  rest  above. 

Out  from  these  classic  halls  what  scores  have  gone 
To  bear  the  tidings  sweet  of  gospel  truth : 
To  make  the  solitary  place  grow  glad, 
And  cause  the  dreary  desert  place  to  blossom. 
One  left  these  groves  to  sail  beyond  the  seas : 
The  constraining  love  of  Christ  and  ruined  souls 
Impelled  him  to  the  sacrifice  he  made. 
On  India's  strand  he  labored,  seeking  there 
To  win  some  trophies  of  redeeming  love 
And  spread  the  kingdom  of  his  risen  Lord. 
Years  hastened  by,  and  then  he  came  in  quest 
Of  health  among  his  cherished  native  hills, 
Nor  came  in  vain.     Then  with  renewed  strength 
Back  to  his  toil  he  went;  but  tidings  came 
Ere  long,  that  he  had  left  that  sunny  land 
To  tread  the  heights  of  glory,  and  to  wear 
The  radiant  crown  of  immortality. 


POEM.  43 

His  mortiil  part  sleeps  on  that  distant  shore, 

An  earnest  of  tlie  time  when  India's  sons 

Shall  bow  in  adoration  to  the  God  of  Heaven, 

And  join  the  congregating  hosts  that  press 

Froiii  wide-spread  north  and  south,  from  east  and  west, 

To  sit  with  Abraham  in  the  courts  of  God. 

Hundreds  have  gone  in  other  walks  of  life, 
Who  here  were  tutored  to  act  well  their  part, 
In  the  incessant  struggle  which  goes  on  : 
The  intellectual  conflict  and  the  moral  strife 
Where  light  and  darkness  for  the  mastery  war, 
The  lessons  here  received  have  borne  their  fruit. 
Many  have  become  prominent,  and  well 
Performed  the  duties  of  an  active,  useful  life. 
Their  alma  mater  looks  on  them  with  pride. 
And  sees  her  labors  have  not  been  in  vain. 
None  but  the  Infinite  can  measure  now, 
What  fifty  years  have  wrought  for  good  through  her. 
Could  all  the  streams  be  gathered,  what  a  flood 
Of  hallowed  influence  it  would  make  — 
A  mighty  tide  to  gladden  and  rejoice. 

Our  God  has  richly  blessed  this  fruitful  vine. 
Which  fifty  years  ago  was  planted  here. 
Id  then  comparatively  a  desert  place. 
All  honor  to  the  man  whose  name  it  bears : 
Here  is  a  monument  more  precious  than 
The  towering  marble  that  salutes  the  skies. 
Could  he  stand  here  to-day,  how  would  his  heart 
Be  filled  with  joy  unspeakable,  to  see 
How  much  has  flowed  from  his  thrice  blessed  bequest. 
That  what  he  then  possessed  should  work  for  God 
When  to  him  the  night  had  come,  and  work  was  o'er. 
Though  dead  he  speaks  a  witness  for  the  cross ; 
He  lives,  though  dead,  in  constant  means  for  good. 

What  holy  memories  cluster  round  this  place  — 
How  oft  amid  the  active  toils  of  life, 


44  POE.M. 

When  breasting  manfully  the  pressing  flood 

The  man  looks  back  and  thinks  of  other  days. 

Thinks  of  these  shady  walks  and  pleasant  groves. 

Thinks  of  the  silvery  Susquehanna's  tide 

Winding  among  the  overhanging  trees. 

Thinks  of  the  landscape  where  he  walked  and  spoke 

Words  only  meant  for  one  attentive  ear. 

These  neighbors  and  his  teachers  come  to  view 

Among  the  treasured  memories  of  the  past. 

Then  life  was  free  from  care  and  all  was  fresh. 

Then  high  ambition  nerved  his  throbbing  heart, 

And  he  rejoiced  in  mental  conquests  made. 

How  bright  loomed  up  the  future  to  his  gaze : 

What  castles  in  the  air  he  fondly  built; 

With  what  impatience  his  young  spirit  chafed, 

And  longed  to  plunge  into  the  busy  world. 

What  precious  days  were  those;  how  sweet  and  blest; 

How  often  has  their  memory  cheered  his  heart. 

But  they  are  gone ;  nor  shall  they  come  again ; 

Yet  still  they  scatter  gleams  of  sunshine  o'er 

The  toils  and  sorrows  of  succeeding  years. 

What  mighty  changes  fifty  years  have  wrought : 
These  hoary  men,  our  honored  fathers  now, 
Were  then  but  fair-haired  boys,  with  boyish  tricks 
And  boyish  aspirations.     Could  we  have 
A  picture  of  the  then  and  now,  how  strange 
Would  be  the  contrast.     Since  then  the  bright  dreams 
Of  youth  have  passed,  and  life's  meridian. 
The  fleeting  years  have  ploughed  their  furrows  deep 
And  life's  great  burdens  have  pressed  heavily. 
Only  a  few  are  here  to-day,  who  saw 
The  foundations  of  their  nlmtx  mater  laid. 
In  looking  back  they  see  the  wreck  of  death  : 
Grreen  hillocks  rise  to  meet  their  mental  eye, 
Wide  scattered  o'er  the  earth  in  many  lands. 
Covering  remains  of  ardent,  youthful  friends 


POEM.  45 

Who  calmly  sleej),  and  wait  the  coming  morn. 
Fond  memory  brings  them  back  again  to-day, 
We  see  them  as  they  joyous  trod  these  groves, 
We  hear  their  nierry  laugh  and  earnest  words, 
We  tread  the  room  where  studiously  they  dwelt. 
But  they  are  gone  from  earth :  unbidden  tears 
Come  to  our  eyes  at  the  sad  retrospect. 

He  who  taught  first  within  these  classic  halls, 
After  a  useful  life  rests  in  the  tomb : 
His  name  still  fresh  in  many  loving  hearts. 
Hundreds  have  laid  the  armor  ofi",  no  more 
To  come  as  pilgrims  to  this  hallowed  spot, 
Reviving  memories  of  their  early  days. 
Mingling  with  former  friends,  and  thus  refreshed 
Again  to  meet  the  earnest  toils  of  life. 

These  fifty  years  !  how  full  of  great  events : 
What  changes  on  the  earth  have  taken  place ; 
How  art  and  science  have  advanced,  and  light 
Has  poured  upon  the  mental  and  the  moral  world. 
What  great  discoveries  !  what  vast  designs  ! 
What  mighty  energies  have  been  employed  ! 
How  nature's  obstacles  have  been  o'ercome. 
And  many  of  her  secrets  brought  to  light. 
What  a  bewildering  retrospect  these  years  ! 
How  our  own  land  has  risen  to  the  gaze, 
Of  wondering  nations  with  amazing  growth  : 
Wide  stretching  from  Atlantic's  waves,  to  where 
The  setting  sun  sinks  in  the  surging  deep. 
Our  glorious  institutions  stand  preserved 
Through  mighty  earthquake  shocks,  that  woiild  have  rent 
Empires  to  fragments,  and  overturned  thrones. 
Thanks  be  to  Him  who  rules  with  sovereign  power 
For  such  deliverance  and  such  a  heritage. 
May  coming  years  enhance  her  vigorous  life 
And  freedom  bring  unto  a  world  oppressed. 


46  POEM. 

Backward  to-day  we  look  o'er  fifty  years 

To  see  time's  changes  and  its  memories  trace : 

A  solemn  retrospect,  awakening  tliouglit. 

We  think  of  the  departed ;  think  of  the  past ; 

The  part  this  school  has  borne  in  scattering  light ; 

Her  moral  influence  to  preserve  the  land. 

Well  has  she  borne  her  part  and  good  performed. 
If  from  this  standpoint,  forward  we  cast  our  gaze 

For  fifty  years,  how  wonderful  the  view. 

When  these  have  passed,  another  throng  will  come 

To  celebrate  the  centennial  year. 

How  few  now  here  will  see  that  coming  day  — 

Some  doubtless  will,  and  then  we  fondly  trust 

Their  eyes  will  rest  upon  a  lordly  pile ; 

A  noble  edifice  to  meet  the  growing  wants 

Of  those  who  here  shall  press,  to  deeply  drink 

Of  the  perennial  spring  of  knowledge. 

When  that  day  dawns  may  Hartwick  proudly  stand 

Tenfold  more  blest  than  now  :  increased  in  all 
That  makes  a  school  efiicient :  may  she  then 
Have  her  hundreds  of  pupils,  with  a  corps 
Of  many  teachers,  and  endowment  large  : 
Where  scores  of  gospel  messengers,  well  trained 
Shall  be,  ready  to  take  their  place  where  duty  calls 
To  speak  for  Grod,  for  virtue,  and  for  truth. 
Dear  alma  mater,  we  thy  gathered  sons, 
Bid  thee  God-speed  in  the  good  work  thou  dost. 
Deep  in  our  hearts  thy  cherished  name  is  gi-aven, 
And  to  our  dying  day  we'll  pray  for  thee  : 
Pray  that  thy  honored  head  may  long  be  spared  : 
Pray  that  thy  future  may  more  glorious  be  : 
Pray  that  the  efi"orts  made  for  thy  advance. 
Thrice  blessed  of  God  may  yield  a  harvest  rich. 
Through  all  the  coming  years  high  may'st  thou  stand 
A  bulwark  for  the  truth  :  a  centre  of  light : 
A  fountain  of  refreshing,  till  that  day  : 


POEM.  47 

That  solemn  and  impressive  closing  day, 
WBen  from  above  the  mighty  angel  comes, 
And  with  one  foot  upon  the  solid  shore, 
The  other  on  the  wondrous  deep :  shall  swear, 
In  presence  of  a  startled  awe-struck  world, 
By  Him  that  lives  forever  in  the  skies, 
Sovereign  of  all  —  that  time  shall  be  no  more. 


BIOGRAPHY  OF  REV.  E.  L.  HAZELIUS,  D.D. 

BY  THE   REV.   CHARLES  A.    SMITH,  D.D. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  son  of  Eric  and 
Christiana  Hazelius,  and  was  born  September  6th, 
1777,  in  ISTeusalz,  in  the  province  of  Silesia,  Prussia. 
He  was  descended,  on  the  paternal  side,  from  a  long 
and  honored  line  of  Lutheran  ministers,  extending  as 
far  back  as  the  days  of  the  Swedish  king,  Gustavus 
Yasa,  through  whose  pious  exertions  the  Reformed 
religion  was  established  in  Sweden,  early  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  Reformation.  To  this  enlightened  and 
Christian  prince,  one  of  his  ancestors  served  as 
chaplain. 

His  father,  a  Swede  by  birth,  was  originally  intended 
for  the  ministry,  because  as  the  eldest  son  it  was  con- 
sidered his  hereditary  right  and  duty  to  assume  the 
responsibilities  of  the  ministerial  otiice.  He  accord- 
ingly studied  a  short  time  with  a  view  to  the  church ; 
but  having  conscientious  scruples  about  his  fitness 
for  the  sacred  vocation,  he  gave  up  all  thoughts  of 
becoming  a  minister,  and  having  resigned  his  right  to 
a  younger  brother,  he  turned  his  attention  to  secular 
pursuits.  On  his  way  from  Stockholm  to  Copen- 
hagen with  merchandise  for  a  trading  expedition,  he 
was  shipwrecked,  and  lost  every  thing  but  his  life, 
and  some  funds  concealed  about  his  person.  A  sin- 
gular circumstance  connected  with  his  voyage  may 
not  prove  devoid  of  interest.     As  he  was  on  his  way 


[R^PJEST      ILEWflS     Ofl^gELDUSpE) 


HARTWIGIC,    GETTTSB^TRG,    &    LEXINGTON. 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  49 

to  tlie  vessel  iu  which  his  goods  were  already 
embarked,  a  gypsy  woman  met  him,  and  insisted  on 
tellins:  his  fortune.  He  refused  to  hear  it,  but  could 
not  shake  her  off;  so,  at  last,  to  get  rid  of  her,  he 
stopped  to  hear  what  she  liad  to  say.  "  You  are  about 
to  embark  in  a  ship  on  which  is  all  your  property, 
except  the  money  you  have  in  a  belt  around  your 
waist.  Do  not  go  —  the  ship  will  be  lost  with  every 
one  on  board.  No !  "  added  she,  "  your  own  life  will 
be  spared,  but  all  the  rest  will  perish.  "  The  warning 
was  unheeded,  and  the  prediction  was  literally 
fulfilled.  In  Copenhagen  he  met  with  an  old  Mora- 
vian minister  to  whom  he  became  much  attached, 
and  under  whose  influence  he  united  with  the  Mora- 
vian church.  Having  married  a  Miss  Christiana 
Brahtz  of  Stetten,  he  finally  settled  in  N'eusalz,  work- 
ing at  the  trade  of  watchmaker  and  jeweler.  Here, 
as  already  mentioned,  Ernst  Lewis  was  born.  When 
five  years  old,  his  parents  took  him  with  them  on  a 
visit  to  Herrnhut.  During  this  visit  the  aged  Poly- 
carp  Miiller,  a  bishop  of  the  Moravian  church,  took 
him  in  his  arms,  and  solemnly  dedicated  him  to  the 
work  of  the  ministry.  This  made  an  undying  impres- 
sion on  the  mind  of  the  child,  and  to  his  latest  years 
he  could  repeat  every  word  the  old  man  had  said. 

Catharine  the  second  of  Russia,  who  as  princess  of 
Anhalt  Zerbst,  had  resided  in  Stetten,  was  on  terms  of 
great  intimacy  with  her  schoolmate  Christiana  Brahtz. 
The  strength  of  the  attachment  then  formed  was 
manifested  in  after  years,  when  in  the  exercise  of  the 
imperial  prerogative,  she  granted  to  Captain  Brahtz, 
the  brother  of  her  early  friend,  the  privilege  of  bring- 
ing goods,  free  of  duty,  to  St.  Petersburg,  and  invited 
him  to  dine  with  her  as  often  as  his  vessel  was  in  port, 
7 


50  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,     D.D. 

always  evincing  the  deepest  interest,  and  making  the 
most  minute  inquiries  in  reference  to  the  favorite 
companion  of  her  school  days.  Another  incident 
exhibits  this  attachment  still  more  strikingly.  When 
the  empress  heard  of  the  birth  of  young  Ernst,  she 
wrote  to  his  mother,  proposing  to  adopt  him  as  her 
own  son,  and  promising  to  advance  his  fortune  in 
every  way  she  could.  His  parents  scarcely  knew 
what  reply  to  make  to  this  extraordinary  proposition  ; 
but  finally  determined  that,  at  a  proper  age,  the  ques- 
tion should  be  referred  to  the  boy  himself.  Several 
letters  were  interchanged,  the  empress  urging  the 
acceptance  of  her  proposal,  and  the  parents  evading 
a  direct  answer,  when  at  length  a  communication 
was  received  from  the  imperial  palace  so  decided 
and  urgent  in  its  tone,  as  to  leave  no  room  for  any 
other  than  a  prompt  reply.  "  Dear  Christiana,"  writes 
Catharine,  "  give  your  consent,  and  I  will  be  a  mother 
to  your  boy."  The  question  was  now  referred  for 
final  decision  to  young  Ernst,  who  had  reached  his 
tenth  year;  his  parents  believing  that  God  would 
direct  his  choice.  From  his  earliest  childhood  the 
lad  had  given  evidence  of  uncommon  piety,  and  had 
determined,  if  he  lived,  to  become  a  preacher  of  the 
gospel.  When,  therefore,  the  empress  wrote  for  a 
final  answer,  and  the  decision  was  placed  in  his  hands, 
he  did  not  hesitate  promptly  to  decline  the  flattering 
offer,  for  he  felt  that  his  was  a  higher  calling,  that  he 
was  summoned  to  labor  as  an  embassador  of  Christ  in 
extending  the  interests  of  his  kingdom.  Often  in  after 
years  did  he  allude  to  this  incident,  and  to  the  kind 
Providence  that  shaped  his  decision.  "  Had  I  accepted 
Catharine's  offer,"  he  would  say,  "how  different  would 
have  been  my  life  —  how  changed  my  lot !     Perhaps, 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  51 

like  many  of  the  fonncr  favorites  of  the  Czars,  I  might 
even  now  be  languishing  in  the  mines  of  Siberia." 

Of  both  his  parents  he  was  deprived  before  he  had 
reached  his  sixteenth  year.  The  guardian  appointed 
over  him  by  law,  was  a  very  hjirsh  and  cruel  man, 
and  the  poor  boy  was  whipped  when  he  asked  for  the 
most  necessary  articles  of  clothing.  He  conceived 
such  a  terror  of  this  man,  that  when  he  came  of  age 
and  received  his  patrimony,  although  he  had  been 
cheated  out  of  several  hundred  dollars,  he  did  not 
prosecute  his  claim  because  he  dreaded  to  have  any 
thing  more  to  do  with  his  persecutor.  He  often  said 
that  his  intercourse  with  this  man  had  made  him 
timid;  but  this  timidity  never  affected  him  when 
matters  of  religion,  or  the  interests  of  the  church 
were  at  stake.  On  such  occasions  he  was  bold  as  a 
lion. 

His  classical  studies  were  pursued  at  the  Moravian 
institutions  of  Kleinwelke  and  Barby,  and  his  theo- 
logical studies  at  Niesky  under  the  supervision  of 
Bishop  Ardens.  There  is  no  detailed  account  among 
his  papers  of  the  incidents  that  occurred  at  these 
places,  though  he  told  many  anecdotes  of  his  school 
years.  The  boys  were  much  stinted  both  in  regard  to 
the  quantity  and  quality  of  their  food ;  and  he  often 
laughingly  attributed  his  knowledge  of  Latin  to  the 
fact  that  he  used  to  write  their  exercises  for  the  village 
boys,  who  paid  him  in  potatoes. 

In  the  year  1800  he  received  a  call  to  iTazareth, 
Pennsylvania,  as  teacher  of  Latin,  Greek  and  Hebrew, 
which  he  accepted,  although  he  had  several  advanta- 
geous offers  of  usefulness  in  his  own  country.  From 
a  journal  he  kept  at  that  time,  it  appears  that  he 
sailed    from    Altonu    on    the    13th    of    August,    and 


52  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,     D.D. 

reached  Baltimore  on  the  27th  of  October.  He  went 
to  Nazareth  on  the  12th  of  E'ovember,  and  entered 
immediately  upon  the  performance  of  the  duties 
assigned  him,  which  he  discharged  with  great  fidelity 
and  efficiency  during  a  period  of  more  than  eight 
years.  He  soon  acquired  a  thorough  acquaintance 
with  the  English  language;  and  his  eminent  ability 
as  an  instructor  was  acknowledged  in  his  appointment 
as  head  teacher  and  professor  of  theology  in  the  theo- 
logical department.  The  first  three  divinity  students 
he  had  at  ]^azareth,  became  bishops  in  the  Moravian 
church.  Differing,  however,  from  his  brethren  in 
their  views  of  church  government  and  discipline,  and 
influenced  also  by  other  considerations,  he  resolved  to 
sever  his  connection  with  the  seminary,  and  to  return 
to  the  church  endeared  to  him  by  many  hallowed 
associations. 

In  the  spring  of  1809  he  returned  to  Philadelphia, 
and  gave  instruction  in  a  private  classical  school. 
During  the  fall  of  that  year,  he  was  invited  to  take 
charge  of  the  united  congregations  of  J^ew  German- 
town,  German  Valley  and  Spruce  Eun,  Hunterdon 
county,  'New  Jersey.  This  call  he  accepted,  and 
after  having  been  ordained  by  the  New  York  minis- 
terium,  entered  upon  his  pastoral  duties. 

The  labors  of  the  Sabbath  required  him  to  go  from 
ten  to  sixteen  miles  to  his  distant  congregations,  in 
one  of  which  he  preached  every  two  weeks,  and  in 
the  other  once  in  four  weeks.  When  he  resigned  his 
charge,  he  left  all  the  congregations  in  a  flourishing 
condition.  At  New  Germantown,  where  he  lived,  he 
also  conducted  a  classical  academy,  from  wliich  some 
idea  may  be  formed  of  the  extent  of  labor  he  per- 
formed and  the  amount  of  industry  he  possessed. 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIA/ELIUS,     D.D.  OO 

Ho  was  married  April  lltli,  1811,  to  Miss  Huldah 
C.  Bray,  of  Iluiiterdon  county,  JSTew  Jersey. 

In  1815  the  institution  at  Ilartwick  went  into  opera- 
tion, and  Dr.  Ilazelius  was  selected  by  the  vice-exe- 
cutor of  Mr.  riartwig's  will  as  professor  of  Christian 
theology,  and  principal  of  the  classical  department. 
The  appointment  was  confirmed  by  the  jSTew  York 
miuisterium,  and  the  professor  immediately  entered 
upon  the  work  assigned  him.  This  institution  he 
served  for  fifteen  years,  discharging  with  great  fidelity 
and  ability  his  various  and  arduous  duties.  It  was 
owing  to  his  active  exertions  that  the  seminary  was 
established  on  a  solid  basis,  and  obtained  a  celebrity 
as  deserved  as  it  was  extended.  In  addition  to  his 
labors  as  an  instructor,  he  performed  regular  pulpit 
service,  and  acted  as  pastor  of  the  village  congrega- 
tion. During  his  residence  here  he  was  associated 
with  the  various  interests  of  education  and  religion, 
and  labored  in  every  way  to  promote  the  welfare  of 
Zion.  His  name  is  very  dear  to  the  churches  and 
synods  connected  w^ith  Hartwick  Seminary,  and  his 
memory  is  cherished  with  much  aftection  by  the 
brethren  who  were  educated  here  under  his  direction. 

In  the  spring  of  1830,  having  been  elected  professor 
of  Biblical  and  Oriental  literature,  and  of  the  German 
language  in-^the  theological  seminary  at  Gettysburg, 
he  decided  to  accept  the  appointment,  as  he  supposed 
the  position  would  furnish  him  a  field  of  increased 
usefulness  in  the  church.  The  following  September 
he  was  solemnly  inducted  into  oflice  in  the  presence 
of  the  board  of  directors  and  a  large  assembly  of  the 
people,  J.  C,  Kurtz,  D.D.,  of  Baltimore,  delivering 
the  charge  to  the  professor,  who  after  having  read 
and   signed  the  declaration  required,   pronounced   an 


54  REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D. 

interesting  discourse  on  the  history  of  our  church  in 
this  country.  His  connection  with  this  seminary  was, 
however,  very  brief.  He  resigned  his  chair  in  1833, 
very  much  to  the  regret  of  the  directors,  who  in  their 
minutes  testify  to  the  zeal  and  industr}^  with  which 
he  had  discharged  the  duties  of  his  office.  The  theo- 
logical seminary  of  the  synod  of  South  Carolina  had 
been  deprived  by  death  of  the  services  of  Professor 
Schwartz,  who  had  excited  the  most  promising 
expectations  in  reference  to  his  future  usefulness  to 
our  churches  in  the  south,  and,  in  their  bereavement, 
the  guardians  of  this  infant  institution  anxiously 
turned  their  eyes  to  Professor  Hazelius  as  particularly 
fitted  for  the  position  by  his  varied  qualifications  and 
experience  in  teaching.  "When  the  unanimous  wishes 
of  the  board  were  communicated  to  him,  and  the 
wants  of  the  seminary  were  urgently  pressed  upon 
his  attention,  he  could  not  resist  the  earnest  appeal, 
although  the  acceptance  of  the  appointment  involved 
some  pecuniary  sacrifice.  Regarding  it  as  a  call  of 
Providence,  he  wrote  to  the  brethren,  that  he  would 
come.  As  soon  as  he  could  make  his  arrangements, 
he  started  for  his  new  field  of  labor,  and  on  the  Ist 
day  of  January,  1834,  entered  upon  the  duties  of  his 
"office. 

In  the  summer  of  1842  he  revisited  his  native  land 
and  the  scenes  of  his  youth.  He  met  with  a  most 
cordial  reception,  and  was  flattered  and  caressed  by  the 
noble  and  the  great.  The  strongest  influences  were 
exerted  and  the  most  tempting  oft'ers  made  to  induce 
him  to  return  with  his  family  to  the  country  of  his 
birth,  but  without  eft'ect.  The  king  of  Prussia  oft'ered 
him  a  lucrative  situation,  but  the  land  of  his  adoption 
and  his  little  seminary  in  the  backw^oods  of  Carolina 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELTUS,     D.D.  55 

had  become  too  dear  to  liim  to  be  relinquished  for  any 
other  considerations. 

In  this  position  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his 
active  and  useful  life,  watching  over  the  interests  of 
the  institution,  with  the  most  tender  solicitude,  and 
devoting  to  it  his  best  energies  and  influence.  Hope- 
ful and  zealous,  patient  and  persevering,  he  never 
despaired  or  relaxed  his  efforts  for  the  elevation  and 
advancement  of  the  school  confided  to  his  care.  The 
seminary  was  firmly  established.  It  continued  to 
flourish  and  its  usefulness  was  increased.  Its  facilities 
for  instruction  were  extended,  so  as  to  meet  the  wants 
of  the  church.  The  influence  of  the  professor  was 
salutary,  not  only  in  fitting  young  men  for  the  minis- 
try of  reconciliation,  but  in  introducing  wholesome 
discipline  into  the  churches,  and  in  laboring  faithfully 
and  efliciently  to  advance  the  welfare  of  the  people. 
During  a  period  of  nineteen  years  his  connection  with 
this  institution  continued.  And  finally,  when,  at  his 
own  request  and  in  consequence  of  increased  age  and 
growing  infirmities,  his  resignation  was  accepted  and 
another  appointed  to  take  his  place,  he  did  not  cease 
till  the  last,  to  divide  with  his  successor  the  duties  of 
instruction  in  the  institution.  It  was  only  four  days 
preceding  his  death  that  exhausted  nature  compelled 
him  to  bid  a  final  adieu  to  the  students  as  their  in- 
structor. Scarcely  had  he  quitted  his  post  when  the 
summons  came  to  him  to  relinquish  these  earthly 
scenes.  He  died  on  Sabbath,  February  20th,  1853,  in 
the  seventy-sixth  year  of  his  age,  after  a  few  days'  ill- 
ness. He  had  taken  cold,  most  probably  from  change 
in  the  weather,  which  produced  some  derangement  in 
his  system,  and  his  constitution  being  feeble  and  frail, 
death  was  the  result.     He  had  a  kind  of  presentiment 


56  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,     D.D. 

before  he  was  taken  sick,  that  he  would  shortly  die, 
and  for  a  year  or  more  he  endeavored  to  prepare  his 
family  for  his  departure  by  frequent  allusions  to  the 
subject.  He  tranquilly  descended  to  the  grave,  with- 
out a  fear,  full  of  thankfulness  for  God's  mercies,  and 
gladdened  by  the  prospects  of  a  glorious  immortality. 
There  was  no'  doubt  in  his  death.  He  had  prepared 
to  meet  his  God,  and  when  his  strength  failed,  God 
was  the  strength  of  his  heart  and  his  portion  for 
ever.  "I  saw  him  in  his  last  moments,"  says  Dr. 
Eichelberger,  "  and  never  knew  I  a  Christian  to  die 
more  calmly  and  sweetly."  He  peacefully  departed 
from  his  labors  on  earth  to  the  enjoyment  of  his 
reward  on  high.  Those  who  marked  the  perfect  man 
and  beheld  the  upright,  saw  that  the  end  of  that  man 
was  peace. 

His  remains  repose  on  the  grounds  intermediate 
between  the  dwelling  he  occupied,  and  the  lecture 
room  of  the  seminary,  a  spot  endeared  to  him  in  life, 
and  rendered  now  more  precious  to  his  friends,  by  the 
associations  which  still  cluster  around  it.  His  funeral 
was  attended  by  a  large  concourse  of  people,  who 
came  to  show  their  affection  for  the  deceased,  and 
their  grief  for  the  loss  they  had  sustained.  From 
distant  points  the  young  and  the  aged,  the  learned  and 
the  honored  came  to  the  house  of  mourning,  all  feel- 
ing themselves  personally  bereaved,  and  knowing 
'•that  a  prince  and  a  great  man  had  fallen  in  Israel." 

Thus  passed  away  from  among  us,  one  of  our  most 
useful,  purest  and  best  men,  who  had  labored  long 
and  faithfully  in  the  service  of  the  church.  Always 
in  his  place,  and  ready  for  every  good  work,  he  was  to 
us,  Ijy  his  example,  his  counsel  and  his  prayers,  an 
inestinial)]e  blcssino-.     "Whether  we  consider  him  in  his 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  57 

public  or  private  life,  as  a  minister  of  the  gospel,  or 
an  instructor  of  the  young,  in  his  official  or  social  rela- 
tions, his  was  a  character  of  rare  worth. 

As  a  scholar  and  a  man  of  letters,  Dr.  Hazelius 
occupied  a  high  rank.  He  received  the  doctorate 
simultaneously  from  Union  College,  Schenectady,  and 
Columbia  College,  New  York,  in  the  year  1824,  He 
was  invited  to  a  professorship  in  Lafayette  College, 
Easton,  Pa.,  and  also  at  Princeton,  in  the  College  of 
New  Jersey.  His  attainments  in  literature  were  varied 
and  extensive.  He  was  intimately  acquainted  with  the 
Latin,  Greek  and  Hebrew,  as  well  as  with  several 
modern  languages.  He  was  very  familiar  with  ecclesi- 
astical and  general  history,  and  had  given  considerable 
attention  to  exegetical  studies.  As  a  theologian,  he 
was  learned  and  sound ;  as  a  preacher,  respectable  and 
faithful,  solid  rather  than  showy ;  anxious  to  instruct  his 
hearers  rather  than  to  gratify  their  fancy.  As  an 
author  he  accomplished  much,  considering  his  nume- 
rous engagements  and  multiplied  labors.  Some  of  the 
works  he  prepared  for  the  press,  he  translated  from  the 
German,  others  were  original ;  some  of  them  have  been 
already  published,  others  are  yet  in  manuscript.  The 
following  list  embraces  those  that  have  been  published  : 
Life  of  Luther ;  Lfe  of  Stilling ;  Augsburg  Confession, 
with  annotations  ;  Materials  for  Catechization  on  Passages 
of  Scripture ;  Church  History  ;  History  of  the  Lutheran 
Church  in  America.  He  was  also  for  some  time 
editor  of  the  Evangelical  Magazine,  published  at  Gettys- 
burg, Pa. 

In   his   theological  views.   Dr.    Hazelius   was  very 

evangelical,   yet   his    doctrinal    position    was    liberal. 

The  Augsburg  Confession  he  adopted  as  his  creed,  but 

did  not  give  an  ex  ammo  subscription  to  all  its  articles. 

8 


58  REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D. 

He  was  disposed  to  be  very  tolerant  towards  those  who 
differed  from  him  on  points  that  are  not  considered 
fundamental.  His  motto  was,  In  essentials  unily^  in  non- 
essentials liberty,  in  all  things  charity.  In  his  annotations 
on  the  Augsburg  Confession,  he  uses  the  following 
language :  "  If,  therefore,  any  departure  from  the 
literal  sense  of  the  Augsburg  Confession,  amounts  to 
a  dereliction  of  Lutheranism,  it  is  certainly  a  source  of 
congratulation  and  joy  to  those  who  have  thus  departed, 
that  Luther  and  Melanchthon  have  set  them  the 
example.  Those  heroes  of  the  Reformation  never 
intended  that  Christians  should  follow  them  in  all 
respects,  for  even  they  differed  among  themselves  in 
regard  to  some  opinions  concerning  the  Lord's  supper; 
but  they  demanded  that  Christians  should  prayerfully 
study  the  Bible,  and  consider  the  authority  of  that  book 
as  paramount  to  all  human  wisdom  and  philosophy. 
On  this  broad  basis  of  protestantism,  the  American 
Lutheran  churches  are  still  standing ;  charitable  and 
liberal  in  matters  of  minor  importance,  they  are 
willing  to  aid  in  leveling  down  the  partition  walls, 
which  are  now  separating  protestant  from  protestant. 
But  we  firmly  embrace  the  word  of  God  as  contained 
in  the  Scriptures,  as  his  divine  power  to  the  salvation 
of  every  one  who  belie veth." 

Again  he  says  :  "  If  then,  according  to  the  testimony 
of  the  reformers,  their  aim  in  composing  this  Confes- 
sion, rather  was  to  show  what  doctrines  they  could 
conscientiously  profess,  in  common  with  the  papists, 
and  wherein  they  could  not  agree  with  them,  than  that 
every  word  should  be  considered  by  posterity  as  an 
undeviating  rule  of  faith,  we  ought  not  to  give  this 
Confession  a  greater  importance  in  our  day  than  the 
heroes  of  the  Reformation  claimed  for  their  perform- 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  59 

ancc.  The  main  ])rinciple  of  the  Reforniatioii  is  not  a 
shxvish  adherence  to  every  sentiment  of  tliose  great  and 
learned  men,  who  had  to  shape  their  course  according 
to  circumstances  beyond  their  control,  but  it  is  that 
the  Bible  is  paramount  to  every  human  authority,  and 
the  only  rule  of  faith  and  practice  to  the  Christian." 

After  expressing  his  views  on  the  Lord's  supper, 
which  ditfer  in  no  material  point  from  those  entertained 
by  the  other  protestant  churches  on  the  subject,  he 
adds :  "  If  any  of  our  brethren  should  entertain  senti- 
ments apparently  more  conformable  to  the  views  and 
language  held  forth  in  the  Augsburg  Confession,  and 
other  writings  of  the  first  reformers,  we  do  not  desire 
or  wish  to  disturb  him  in  that  opinion,  inasmuch  as  we 
know  that  the  main  point  in  this,  as  well  as  in  every 
other  religious  observance,  is  the  heart;  if  this  is 
hungry  and  thirsty  after  the  blessing  which  Christ 
will  impart  to  the  believer  in  his  sacrament,  he  may 
rest  assured  that  blessing  shall  be  his,  whatever  may 
be  his  individual  view  of  the  mode  of  communion  with 
Christ  at  his  table.  For  however  much  individual 
professors  or  churches  may  ditfer  as  regards  minor 
and  non-essential  features  in  the  Christian  system,  all 
agree  in  professing  one  Lord,  one  faith,  one  baptism. 
Around  the  table  of  their  common  Lord  and  Master, 
they  may  meet  in  the  hallowed  exercise  of  Christian 
love.  At  the  table  of  Christ  they  may  forget  their 
minor  differences,  and  commune  in  sweet  and  endear- 
ing fellowship  with  each  other  and  the  Lord." 

Li  his  intercourse  with  Christians  of  other  denomi- 
nations, he  always  evinced  a  most  catholic  spirit, 
never  inclined  to  contend  for  his  own  shibboleth,  or  to 
unchurch  those  who  differed  from  him  in  their  reli- 
gious belief.     Sect  could  not  confine  the  charity  of  his 


60  REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D. 

feeling,  or  restrain  the  kindness  of  his  heart.  No 
church  could  claim  him  as  entirely  its  own.  He 
belonged  to  humanity  and  to  the  world,  because  he 
belonged  to  God  and  to  Christ. 

To  the  office  of  instructor  Dr.  Hazelius  brought 
uncommon  qualifications.  His  abilities  in  this  direc- 
tion, all  acknowledged.  His  pupils,  who  are  scattered 
through  the  country,  occupying  important  positions, 
either  as  ministers  of  the  gospel,  or  of  a  political  or 
civil  character,  furnish  the  same  testimony.  Some  of 
our  most  active  and  useful  clergymen  were  prepared 
by  him  for  the  Christian  ministry.  During  the  thirty- 
seven  years  he  occupied  the  place  of  professor  in  our 
schools  of  the  prophets,  the  Lutheran  church  increased 
tenfold,  and  he  was  honored  by  his  Master  in  contri- 
buting greatly  to  this  increase.  Although  his  body 
now  sleeps  in  the  silent  tomb,  the  work  of  bringing 
lost  and. ruined  men  to  the  cross  of  Christ,  will  still 
go  forward  through  his  instrumentality,  to  the  latest 
period  of  time,  and  when  the  last  trump  shall  sound 
to  wake  the  sleeping  dead,  eternity  alone  shall  reveal 
the  great  and  everlasting  good.  He  loved  the  work 
in  which  he  was  engaged.  His  devotion  to  teaching 
often  rose  to  enthusiasm.  Its  duties  to  him  were 
never  irksome,  never  hung  heavily  upon  his  hands. 
In  the  young  he  took  a  deep  and  tender  interest,  and 
did  all  that  lay  in  his  power  to  assist  them.  He  had 
the  faculty  of  adapting  himself  to  their  feelings,  and 
of  entering  into  their  frame  of  mind.  Familiar  and 
affectionate  as  a  father,  he  secured  their  confidence, 
inspired  them  with  something  of  his  own  earnestness, 
while  he  commanded  their  warm  regard  by  his  mag- 
nanimity, and  held  their  sympathies  by  the  deep  sin- 
cerity of  his  religious  character.     He  swayed  equally 


REV.     ERNST     L.     JIA/ELIUS,     D.D.  Gl 

witli  tlie  law  of  kindness  and  the  law  of  firmness;  his 
tenderness  was  corrective,  his  rehukes  were  healing, 
his  very  gentleness  was  the  charm  of  his  power. 

We  helieve  that  all  who  ever  sustained  to  him  the 
relation  of  pupil,  without  a  single  exception,  were 
most  devoted  in  their  attachment  to  him.  Writes 
one,'  on  hearing  the  intelligence  of  his  death :  "  Twenty- 
three  years  have  passed  since  I  iirst  met  and  beheld 
the  lively,  intelligent  and  pleasant  countenance  of  this 
well  beloved  friend.  Gettysburg  wa3  made  the  more 
dear  to  me  on  his  account.  As  a  poor  student,  I  often 
found  comfort  in  his  presence,  because  he  knew  how 
to  sympathize  with  me.  More  than  once  was  my 
heart  made  glad,  when  he  met  me  with  a  fatherly 
smile,  asking  me,  "  How  are  you  getting  along,  young 
friend  ?  Have  you  means  wherewith  to  live  ?  "  K  I 
answered,  "  iSTo ! "  he  said,  "  I'll  see  to  it."  The 
impressions  I  received  from  his  conversations  and 
godly  walk,  have  ever  been  of  much  use  to  me,  and 
will  never  be  forgotten." 

Dr.  Hazelius  was  a  man  of  indefatigable  industry, 
and  performed  with  great  thoroughness,  everything  he 
undertook.  His  active  mind  was  never  at  rest.  It 
was  always  devising  and  executing  some  useful 
scheme.  While  he  was  yet  at  Hartwick,  he  employed 
his  summer  vacations  in  visiting  congregations,  unsup- 
plied  with  the  ministrations  of  the  word,  in  different 
parts  of  the  state,  and  thus  performed  the  duties  of  a 
home  missionarj'.  It  is  supposed  that  in  this  way  he 
preserved  some  of  our  congregations  from  extinction, 
by  his  faithful  labors.  He  never  shrank  from  any 
eifort,  or  became  weary  in  well  doing. 


1  Rev.  S.  Ritz,  of  Tipton,  Ohio. 


62  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,     D.D. 

There  was  something  very  beautiful  and  attractive 
in  his  private  character.  His  heart  was  under  the 
dominion  of  an  expansive  and  disinterested  benevo- 
lence. It  was  as  warm  and  as  kind  as  a  child's  and  as 
true  as  steel.  He  was  an  Israelite  indeed  in  whom 
there  was  no  guile.  Every  thought  he  uttered  came 
from  his  inmost  soul.  His  countenance  was  an  index 
of  his  heart,  open,  generous  and  pure.  He  was  one  of 
the  last  men  to  be  guilty  of  disingenuous  cunning,  or 
dishonorable  dealing  in  any  way.  He  had  no  talent 
for  intrigue,  no  aptitude  for  reaching  his  ends  by 
circuitous  or  subterranean  processes  of  any  kind. 
He  never  smiled  on  what  he  condemned,  or  connived 
at  what  he  knew  to  be  wrong.  In  i^al  kindness  of 
nature,  and  depth  and  tenderness  of  feeling,  no  one 
surpassed  him.  He  was  a  man  of  sterling  integrity, 
of  striking  simplicity,  which  never  allowed  any  trace 
of  assumed  dignity  to  appear  ;  of  unaffected,  cheerful 
piety,  honest  in  all  his  purposes,  and  fixed  and  steady 
in  their  execution.  His  whole  deportment  was  so 
bland  and  condescending,  that  even  the  most  timid 
and  diffident  felt  no  embarrassment  in  his  presence. 
When  he  mingled  in  society,  instead  of  being  gloomy, 
silent  or  reserved,  he  was  uniformly  social,  affable 
and  communicative.  All  approached  him  with  the 
freedom  and  affection  of  children.  His  conversation 
was  pleasing  and  instru9tive,  and  few  ever  spent  an 
hour  with  him,  who  were  not  delighted  and  edified. 
In  all  the  relations  of  life  he  was  honored,  cherished, 
beloved,  esteemed  and  admired.  His  sympathy  with 
those  in  trouble  and  distress,  with  the  suffering,  the 
sick,  the  bereaved,  the  tried  and  the  desponding,  was 
most  profound  and  active.  His  sheltering  arms  were 
spread  wide  with  a  generons  welcome,  to  overshadow 


REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  63 

all  Avho  needed  refuge.  In  his  visits  of  mercy,  minis- 
tering to  the  body  as  well  as  the  soul,  he  was  unremit- 
ting and  faithful.  He  had  a  kind  word,  fitly  spoken, 
for  every  one  with  whom  he  came  in  contact,  an 
encoura2:ino;  or  consolino^  remark  to  o-uide  and 
strengthen  the  child  of  affliction  or  sorrow.  We  do 
not  say  that  the  subject  of  our  sketch  was  faultless. 
He  himself  laid  no  claim  to  exemption  from  the 
frailties  of  human  nature.  His  was  no  negative 
character.  "  He  had  some  prejudices,  and  was  some- 
what hasty  at  times,"  says  Dr.  Miller,  "  which  might 
make,  on  such  as  did  not  know  him  intimately,  an 
unfavorable  impression,  but  to  his  friends  it  was  a 
mere  foil  to  his  noble  qualities  of  heart  and  mind." 
None  doubted  the  sincerity  of  his  Christian  principle. 
His  piety  was  seen  in  all  that  he  did,  in  all  that  he 
said.  'No  trumpet,  no  phylactery  was  necessary  to 
announce  its  presence.  His  suavity,  his  cheerfulness, 
his  overflowing  kindness,  the  whole  tone  of  his  con- 
versation and  conduct,  revealed  the  communion  of  his 
soul  with  heaven,  and  produced  the  conviction,  "  Thou 
also  wast  with  Jesus  of  Nazareth. " 


To  this  sketch  many  incidents  might  be  added,  of 
special  interest  to  those  who  knew  Dr.  Hazelius  at 
Hartwick,  and  whose  recollections  associate  his  name 
mainly  with  that  honored  institution.  Many  there 
are  who  believe  that  when  he  left  the  quiet  valley  of 
the  Susquehanna,  and  the  home  there  which  his  own 
genial  temper,  and  the  society  of  the  ladies  of  his 
household  rendered  so  attractive,  he  left  what  he  loved 
most.     It  was  delightful  to  partake  of  the   generous 


64  REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D. 

hospitality  of  his  house  and  table.  Every  meal  was 
cooked  and  arranged  with  a  skill  that  indicated  the 
oversight  of  a  most  intelligent  and  refined  housewifery. 
The  coiFee  was  excellent,  and  the  doctor  always  took 
an  extra  cup  with  his  pipe,  which  he  sipped  with 
exceeding  relish,  between  those  short,  frequent  whiffs 
that  expressed  the  very  gusto  of  enjoyment. 

For  his  garden  he  had  the  fondness  of  a  true  lover 
of  nature.  He  watched  with  daily  interest  the  trees 
and  plants  his  own  hand  had  reared.  He  rooted  out 
the  weeds,  and  loosened  the  soil  around  useful 
growths,  and  seemed  to  entertain  for  every  green, 
beautiful  thing  —  the  more  green  and  beautiful  for 
his  fostering  husbandry  —  almost  the  affection  of  a 
father  for  his  children.  Often  during  recitation  hours 
would  he  steal  a  few  moments  from, the  severer  duties 
of  the  class  room,  and  spend  them  in  his  garden, 
which  was  very  near  the  seminary  building.  In  this 
garden  were  two  toads  and  a  garter  snake,  which  he 
protected  from  all  harm  by  express  orders  that  all 
should  treat  them  kindly.  He  called  them  his  helpers, 
because  they  destroyed  the  bugs  which  would  other- 
wise have  made  sad  havoc  with  the  plants ;  and  he 
afi&rmed  that  they  knew  him,  and  would  always  come 
out  of  their  hiding  places  to  meet  him  when  he 
approached.  If  gentleness  could  win  such  friends,  he 
certainly  had  the  power. 

In  touching,  childlike  simplicity  of  character,  he 
had  few  equals.  This  was  seen  in  his  severer,  as  well 
as  in  his  more  playful  moods.  His  irritability  was 
but  a  momentary  childlike  impetuosity  of  temi3er, 
that  passed  away  like  the  shadow  of  the  cloud  flitting 
before  the  sun,  leaving  all  as  bright  and  beautiful  as 
before.     His  anger  was  but  a  boyish  fretful n ess,  that 


REV.     ERNST     L.     JIAZELIUS,     D.D.  65 

hardly  betrayed  itself  before  it  was  borne  away  by  tlie 
overflowings  of  his  loving  and  generous  impulses. 
lie  was  always  eager  to  make  amends  for  what 
appeared  to  him  undue  severity.  On  one  occasion,  at 
the  close  of  school,  he  locked  up,  in  his  own  class- 
room, a  lad  who  had  been  guilty  of  some  impropriety. 
The  doctor  went  home  with  the  intention  of  liberat- 
ing the  culprit  in  an  hour  or  two :  but  among  the 
garden  beds,  and  in  pleasant  intercourse  with  friends, 
the  prisoner  was  forgotten  until  the  next  morning. 
Filled  with  consternation  at  his  own  forgetful ness,  and 
fearful  of  its  effects  upon  the  nerves  of  the  hungry 
l)oy,  the  good  man  rushed  to  the  seminary,  unlocked 
the  door  with  a  trembling  hand ;  and  while  the 
scholar  was  in  excellent  condition  of  body  and  mind, 
and  had  evidently  made  a  good  night  of  it,  the 
teacher  apologized  as  if  he  were  the  culprit,  took 
the  liberated,  fun-loving  rogue  home  with  him,  and 
feasted  him  on  a  breakfast  so  bountiful  and  good, 
that  it  seemed  almost  a  temptation  to  go  and  sin 
again. 

On  another  occasion  a  Latin  class  was  reciting. 
They  had  just  commenced  Livy,  and  the  lesson  for 
that  day  was  the  first  part  of  the  introduction.  The 
very  first  sentence  was  a  poser.  All  the  boys  but 
one  had  given  it  up  in  despair.  This  one  determined 
to  master  it,  and  supposed  he  had  succeeded.  From 
one  to  the  other  the  sentence  passed  without  an 
attempt  to  render  it,  until  it  came  to  him  who  that 
day  had  been  the  most  diligent  student  of  the  class. 
In  a  confident  voice  he  began  to  translate,  but  had 
not  proceeded  far  before  the  doctor  expressed  his 
amazement  at  the  unauthorized  version,  by  means  of 
a  characteristic,  "  ach !  ach  !  ach  ! "  The  student  was 
9 


66  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,     D.D. 

annoyed  in  turn  and,  witlial,  so  extremely  chagrined 
at  this  result  of  his  fidelity,  that  he  forgot  the  courtesy 
of  suhordination  due,  under  all  circumstances,  to  his 
superior,  and  looking  up  coolly,  he  said,  "  What's 
the  matter,  doctor?"  Here  was  fuel  for  the  fire. 
"What's  the  matter?  Why  do  you  not  get  your 
lesson?"  was  the  emphatic  reply.  And  upon  this  the 
irritated  teacher  closed  his  book,  laid  it  with  no  gentle 
stress  upon  the  table,  and  then  walked  rapidly  out 
of  the  room.  This  was  the  thin  fleet  cloud.  But 
then  came  the  sunshine.  After  school  the  provoked 
scholar  and  the  offended  teacher  —  his  momentary 
anger  now  lost  in  sweetest  gentleness  —  met  upon  the 
green  in  front  of  the  seminary,  and  the  good  man 
placing  his  hand  kindly  upon  the  shoulder  of  the  boy, 
said;  "My  son,  why  did  you  provoke  me  so?"  The 
boy  told  how  earnestly  he  had  labored  at  the  transla- 
tion of  that  very  passage,  and  that  his  feelings  had 
become  unduly  excited,  because  he  was  conscious  of 
having  done  his  whole  duty.  The  compensation  was 
an  invitation  to  tea,  and  an  evening  of  delightful 
social  intercouse. 

No  one  who  ever  heard  it  could  fors-et  his  laus^h. 
It  was  not  boisterous,  and  yet  was  as  hearty,  and  as 
full  of  the  ebullitions  of  gladness  as  any  laugh  could 
be  —  as  you  sometimes  see  and  hear  the  water  bub- 
bling up  in  quick  pulsations  from  a  living  spring. 
His  happy  moods  were  the  prevailing  ones.  Morose- 
ness  never  flung  its  dark  shadow  over  his  beaming 
countenance.  When  irritated  even,  the  pleasantry 
that  lurked  behind  seemed  to  be  peeping  out,  like 
children  hiding  from  their  playfellows. 

He  was  a  man  of  mighty  faith ;  mighty,  because 
childlike,  implicit,  unquestioning. 


REV.     ERNST    L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  67 

As  au  illustration  of  this,  an  extraordinary  dream 
of  his  may  be  related.  He  dreamed  one  night  that 
in  a  certain  garden  bed  he  would  find  a  watermelon 
plant,  that  when  he  first  observed  the  forming  fruit  on 
this  plant  he  would  hear  of  the  death  of  a  very  near 
friend,  that  when  this  fruit  became  ripe  he  would  hear 
of  the  death  of  another  friend,  and  that  in  a  specified 
number  of  days  thereafter  he  himself  would  die. 
Early  the  next  morning  he  went  into  his  garden  to 
pull  weeds.  The  discovery  of  a  watermelon  plant 
among  the  weeds  recalled  his  forgotten  dream,  and 
he  resolved  to  spare  the  plant,  and  so  day  after  day 
he  tended  and  watched  it,  until  the  first  falling 
blossom  revealed  the  young  fruit.  It  so  happened, 
strangely  enough,  that  on  that  very  day  he  heard  of 
the  unexpected  death  of  Mr.  Edmonston,  an  English 
gentleman  of  high  intelligence  with  whom  he  was  on 
terms  of  peculiar  intimacy,  and  who  was  drowned  in 
attempting  to  save  his  nephew,  who  had  fallen  from  a 
boat  into  a  small  lake  that  was  on  the  place.  The 
nephew  escaped.  This  circumstance  rendered  the 
plant  an  object  of  deeper  interest  than  ever:  and  it  so 
happened  again,  that  when  the  fruit  was  ripe  he  heard 
of  the  death  of  another  friend,  not  unexpectedly,  as 
before,  for  it  was  the  result  of  protracted  and  hopeless 
disease.  There  remained  but  one  other  condition  to 
render  the  fulfillment  of  the  dream  complete.  This 
was  to  occur  during  the  approaching  vacation,  and  on 
the  very  day  he  had  selected  for  his  journey  from 
Albany  to  'New  York.  Some  men  would  have  altered 
their  plans,  and  remained  at  home  with  the  intention 
of  lessening  the  probability  of  exposure.  But  he  cast 
himself  unreservedly  into  the  hands  of  an  overruling 
Providence,  and  went  right  on.     Meanwhile,  he  had 


68  REV.     ERNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D. 

never  related  his  dream  to  any  one,  not  even  to  his 
wife.  But  just  before  leaving  home  he  revealed  it  to 
a  favorite  student,  who  mentioned  it  to  another  — 
because  that  other'  expected  to  be  the  doctor's  travel- 
ing companion  on  a  ricketty  old  steamboat  from 
Albany  to  the  metropolis.  The  doctor  was  in  his 
usual  health  and  spirits ;  and  at  ten  o'clock,  as  was  his 
wont,  retired  to  his  berth.  The  youthful  friend  who 
accompanied  him  did  not  feel  quite  as  calm  and  self- 
possessed  as  the  one  who  was  most  interested  in  the 
issues  of  that  day ;  so  he  sat  up  until  twelve  o'clock  at 
night,  and  then  until  one,  in  order  to  be  very  sure 
that  the  day  had  passed;  when,  drawing  aside  gently 
the  curtain  of  the  berth,  he  found  the  man  of  faith 
sleeping  as  sweetly  as  an  infant.  The  next  morning 
the  watchful  care  of  the  overruling  hand  was  acknow- 
ledged in  words  of  thankfulness,  and  in  a  charac- 
teristic, subdued  laugh  that  evinced  the  joy  of  his 
trust.  He  lived  many  years  after  this  incident  —  quite 
long  enough  to  prove  that  there  is  not  much  of  the 
prophetic  element  in  dreams. 

Incidents  like  those  already  related,  might  be 
greatly  multiplied.  As  exhibiting  phases  of  the  inner 
life,  they  are  valued  by  those  who  were  most  attracted 
by  that  life  —  who  associate  with  the  lecture  room  and 
the  recitation  room,  the  childlike,  loving  temper  that 
threw  an  indefinable  charm  around  the  student  each 
recurring  day.  Outside  observers  would  be  apt  to  call 
the  traits  of  character,  thus  delineated,  amiable  weak- 
nesses. Amiable  they  were  —  but  weaknesses  they 
were  not  —  for  they  possessed  a  power  that  punctilious 
sternness,  and  the  studied  condescension  which  avoids 
every  compromise  of  dignity,  would  have  failed  to 
command. 


REV.     KKNST     L.     IIAZELIUS,     D.D.  69 

The  fo]lo^villg  tribute,  from  one^  who  knew  well, 
and  loved  truly  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  uttered 
at  the  annual  gathering  of  the  alumni  some  ten  years 
ago.     Alluding  to  a  previous  visit,  the  speaker  said : 

"  On  that  occasion,  after  long  absence,  I  entered  the 
old  school-yard  —  old  trees  were  there.  "When  these 
hospitable  trees  were  planted,  our  venerable  old 
master  looked  upon  our  boyish  glee  and  sport  with 
parental  gratulation  and  fondness.  These  old  mes- 
sengers of  the  past  have  survived  some  of  their  com- 
panions ;  others,  like  the  old  master,  are  dead  —  they 
have  perished  and  gone  to  utter  decay,  and  he  still 
lives  in  the  grateful  recollections  of  us  all  —  in  the 
multiplied  blessings  which  survive  him,  and  in  works 
which,  following  him  through  time,  will  greet  him  in 
eternity.  We  cannot  —  we  would  not  —  forget  him,  as 
long  as  we  live;  in  our  best  thoughts,  our  noblest 
sentiments  our  holiest  emotions  he  lives  in  us. 

'  If  there  be  a  crime, 
Of  deeper  dye  than  all  the  guilty  train 
Of  human  vices,  'tis  ingratitude;' 

and  we,  who  knew  him,  would  be  false  to  every  princi- 
ple of  our  better  selves,  could  we  forget  to  venerate 
the  memory  of  the  sainted  master, 

"  Do  any  of  you  recollect  how,  on  the  occasion  to 
which  I  have  reverted,  we  had  expected  to  meet  our 
old  preceptor,  and  how  in  sadness  we  learned  from 
him,  that  failing  energies  and  decaying  nature  would 
deny  us  the  privilege  of  meeting  him  face  to  face  ? 
I  do.  And  do  you  not  recollect  that  the  "  old  man 
eloquent,"  in  gushing   tenderness   wrote   us   that   he 


1  Joseph  D.  Husbands,  Esq. 


70  REV.     ERNST     L.     HAZELIUS,    D.D. 

should  spend  that  day  in  his  closet,  on  his  knees,  in 
prayer  for  us,  his  hoys,  and  for  our  welfare,  and  the 
prosperity  of  the  dear  old  school !  I  cannot  forget 
that  —  and  you  do  not  ;  and  now  he  has  gone  in  his 
own  spirit,  from  the  land  of  the  dying  to  the  home  of 
the  living,  to  plead  where  prayer  is  heard. 

"  He  loved  us  well,  and  the  old  school  into  which  he 
has  infused  the  elements  of  his  own  nohle  soul.  In 
honoring  that  academy,  we  honor  him  and  his. 

"  '  I  love  it,  I  love  it,  and  who  shall  dare, 
To  chide  me  for  loving  that  old  school  there. 
'  Twas  there  he  taught  me,  'twas  there  he  loved. 
Say  it  is  folly,  and  deem  me  weak. 
While  grateful  tears  steal  down  my  cheek, 
But  I  love  it,  I  love  it,  and  cannot  tear 
My  soul  from  my  teacher's  old  school  there.' " 


^E»^«»=a.-b7-  J.  C3™a>*'^ 


BIOGRAPHY  OF  EEV.  G.  B.  MILLER,  D.D. 


BY  MRS.  irENRIETTA  HILLER. 


Men  love  to  read  the  biographies  of  the  great,  and 
eager  eyes  will  scan  the  page,  which  tells  of  deeds 
of  daring;  while  the  smallest  incident  in  the  life  of 
one  who  has  made  himself  a  name  in  the  world  is 
possessed  of  interest. 

But  to  bring  before  the  public  a  just  view  of  one 
who  has  shunned  publicity,  and  shrunk  from  display, 
is  no  easy  task,  and  such  is  the  character  of  the  man 
whose  past  life  I  shall  attempt  to  sketch.  The  thought, 
however,  that  these  pages  are  designed,  not  so  much 
for  the  casual  r^der,  as  for  those  who  have  known 
and  loved  him,  and  will  teach  their  children  to  revere 
his  memory  when  he  shall  have  gone  up  higher, 
encourages  me  to  undertake  the  task ;  although  there 
are  no  stirring  incidents,  or  unusual  events  to  lend 
interest  to  the  page. 

His  life  has  not  been  like  the  noisy  cataract,  which 
excites  our  admiration  or  inspires  us  with  awe ;  but 
rather  like  the  deep  and  quiet  river  calmly  and  in 
comparative  silence,  flowing  ever  onward  toward  its 
destination,  bearing  its  many  burdens,  all  unconscious 
of  their  weight;  smiling  back  in  the  face  of  every 
wanderer  along  its  banks,  and  leaving  with  him 
the  echo  of  its  murmurings,  when  far  away  from 
its  shores. 

Should   his   eye,-  perchance,    fall   upon  these  lines. 


72  EEV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D. 

penned  by  one  who  has  shared  largely  in  the  advan- 
tages of  his  kind  and  judicious  instruction,  and  his  well 
known  modesty  lead  hina  to  think  himself  overrated, 
let  him  remember  that  "  from  the  abundance  of  the 
heart  the  mouth  speaketh." 

The  Rev,  George  B.  Miller,  D.D.,  present  professor 
of  theology  at  Hartwick  Seminary,  was  born  at  Em- 
maus,  a  small  Moravian  village  not  far  from  Allen- 
town,  Pa.,  June  10th,  1795. 

His  father.  Rev.  George  G.  Miller,  was  a  native  of 
Germany,  and  was  one  of  a  long  line  of  clergymen, 
which  seems  destined  to  close  with  the  subject  of  our 
sketch ;  his  only  surviving  sou  having  chosen  another 
profession.  There  is  now  in  possession  of  the  family, 
a  medallion  portrait  of  a  Moravian  bishop,  some  hun- 
dred or  more  years  old,  which  bears  a  striking  resem- 
blance to  Dr.  Miller. 

His  mother  was  born  at  Kingston,  Jamaica,  whither 
the  family,  who  were  French  Huguenots,  had  fled  from 
persecution.  It  is  probably  from  her,  that  he  inherits 
that  peculiar  vivacity  of  manner,  which  those  who 
know  him  will  readilj^  recognize  as  one  of  his  idio- 
syncrasies. 

When  he  was  eight  years  of  age,  he  was  sent  to  the 
English  and  Classical  School,  at  ISTazareth,  where  he 
remained  until  Feb.,  1811,  having  been  for  the  last 
few  months  of  his  stay  there  a  member  of  the  theo- 
logical class  established  some  two  years  previous. 

Having  left  Nazareth,  he  went  to  Philadelphia, 
where  he  spent  some  time  as  assistant  teacher  in  a 
private  school,  and  for  about  a  year  found  employment 
with  a  German,  and  afterwards  with  a  French  mer- 
chant. His  natural  tastes  and  inclinations,  however, 
soon  led  him  to  resume  his  literary  pursuits,  and  in  Au- 


REV.     GIEOKGK     B.     MILLER,     D.D.  i '■) 

gust,  1812,  we  find  him  engaged  by  Rev.  Dr.  Ilazeliiis, 
as  his  assistant,  in  the  classical  academy,  which  the 
latter  had  established  at  New  Germantown,  New  Jer- 
sey. He  had  alwaj-s  been  a  great  favorite  witli  Dr. 
Ilazelius,  who  was  at  one  time  engaged  in  teaching 
at  Nazareth  hall,  and  was  in  the  habit  of  calling  him 
fomiliarly,  "  his  little  white  headed  boy."  The  friend- 
ship thus  early  established  between  them,  was  broken 
only  by  the  hand  of  death,  while  their  names  will 
remain  associated,  so  long  as  Hartwick  Seminary 
shall  continue. 

With  so  valuable  a  friend  and  preceptor,  the  young 
student  resumed  his  theological  studies,  and  made 
rapid  advances.  Neither  teaching  nor  studies  how- 
ever, so  entirely  engrossed  his  mind,  as  to  render  him 
insensible  to  the  charms  of  the  doctor's  niece,  or  rather 
the  niece  of  Mrs.  Hazelius,  then  an  inmate  of  the 
family.  Finding  himself  fairly  captured,  he  "  sur- 
rendered at  discretion,"  and  the  interest  being  mutual, 
he  was  married  at  New  Brunswick,  the  lady's  resi- 
dence, to  Miss  Delia  B.  Snyder,  July  15th,  1816. 

In  the  summer  of  1866,  they  celebrated  their  golden 
wedding,  an  account  of  which  will  be  found  annexed 
to  the  present  sketch. 

If  matches  are  ever  made  in  heaven,  we  may  believe 
such  to  have  been  the  case  with  this  union.  For  it  is 
certainly  owing  to  the  untiring  energy  and  admirable 
business  tact  of  his  wife,  that  he  has  been  in  a  great 
measure  released  from  the  care  of  pecuniary  matters, 
and  thus  enabled  to  devote  himself  almost  exclusively 
to  the  interests  of  the  seminary,  in  whose  service  he 
has  spent  the  greater  portion  of  his  life. 

After  his  marriage,  he  was  engaged  in  teaching  a 
select  school,  in  Lebanon  township,  New  Jersey,  until 
10 


74  REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D. 

the  autumn  of  1818,  when  he  went  to  Cauajoharie, 
Montgomery  county,  New  York,  having  been  examined 
the  previous  summer,  and  licensed  to  preach  by  Rev. 
Dr.  Quitman,  president  of  the  New  York  synod.  He 
was  ordained  May  29th,  1821,  at  the  same  time  with 
Rev.  Dr.  Pohlman,  of  Albany,  and  received  into  full 
connection  with  the  New  York  synod,  of  which  body 
he  has  ever  since  been  a  member,  never  having  failed 
to  be  present  at  the  annual  meeting  until  the  fall  of 
1866. 

At  Cauajoharie  he  established  a  classical  school  and 
also  laid  the  foundation  of  the  Lutheran  congregation, 
both  of  which  still  continue. 

Here  he  remained  for  nine  years,  laboring  "  in 
season  and  out  of  season  "  for  the  good  of  the  com- 
munity and  the  salvation  of  souls. 

Eternity  alone  will  reveal  the  result  of  his  efibrts. 
He  formed  many  warm  attachments,  and  still  bears  the 
memory  of  kindness  received,  while  administering  to 
that  people,  in  the  double  capacity  of  pastor  and 
teacher. 

In  1827,  he  accepted  the  offer  of  a  situation  at  Hart- 
wick,  as  assistant  teacher,  his  friend  and  preceptor.  Dr. 
Hazelius,  being  principal  of  the  seminary,  which  was 
then  just  entering  its  second  decade.  In  1830,  he  was 
unanimously  elected  by  the  board  of  trustees,  to  suc- 
ceed Dr.  Hazelius,  who  had  accepted  a  call  to  Gettys- 
burg, as  principal  and  professor  of  theology.  In  this 
otlice  he  labored  until  the  fall  of  1839,  when  owing  to 
failure  of  health  and  other  reasons,  he  resigned  his 
position,  and  during  the  four  years  following  was 
eng-affed  in  teaching  elsewhere. 

In  the  fall  of  1844,  he  again  accepted  tlie  invitation 
of  the  trustees,  and  returned  to  Ilartvvick  as  professor 


REV.     GEORGE    B.     MILLER,     D.D.  i 'J 

of  theology,  in  which  capacity  he  has  hibored  until  the 
present  time;  thus,  during  a  period  of  more  than 
thirty  years,  has  he  been  identified  with  this  institu- 
tion. 

Here  has  been  his  life  work ;  while  class  after  class 
has  come  to  share  his  instructions,  his  counsels  and  his 
prayers ;  then  gone  forth  to  battle  with  life's  realities  : 
may  we  not  hope  to  carry  an  influence  for  good, 
through  all  their  future. 

N^ot  being  versed  in  theology,  the  writer  does  not 
pretend  to  decide  upon  his  theological  position.  Some 
have  called  him  a  symbolist:  we  venture  to  inquire 
whether  it  would  not  be  well  for  the  prosperity  of  the 
church  to  possess  many  more  of  the  same  sort  ?  We 
believe  that  all  his  students  will  agree,  in  bearing 
testimony  to  the  fact,  that  the  pure  word  of  God 
has  been  the  source  from  which  he  has  drawn  his 
largest  material  for  instruction,  and  to  which  he  has 
ever  recommended  them  to  apply  for  light  in  every 
perplexity  and  help  in  every  difficulty.  So  familiar 
is  he  with  the  sacred  page,  that  he  never  has  used  a 
concordance,  but  with  an  almost  unfailing  intuition, 
which  seems  sometimes  like  magic,  he  turns  to  the 
required  passage,  let  it  be  in  what  part  of  the  Bible 
it  may. 

Secluded  in  a  great  degree  from  society,  except  that 
of  his  family  and  pupils,  he  has  spent  his  life  in 
study,  and  imparting  the  fruits  of  his  toil  to  others. 
In  his  earlier  years,  he  studied  a  great  part  of  the 
night ;  one  of  his  older  children  having  informed  me, 
that  she  had  frequently  remained  up,  until  near 
midnight,  to  prepare  him  a  cup  of  coflJee,  after  taking 
which,  he  continued  busily  employed  until  two  o'clock 
in  the  morniiiff. 


76  REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D. 

As  an  offset  to  this  severe  application,  he  spent 
several  hours  every  day  in  active  exercise ;  either  in 
his  garden,  or  in  rapid  walks  over  the  neighboring 
hills.  On  such  occasions,  he  was  fond  of  company, 
and  never  failed  to  draw  instruction  from  the  simplest 
surroundings. 

When  we  remember  that  his  frame  was  exceedingly 
delicate,  and  his  health  never  firm,  the  amount  of 
labor  he  has  performed  is  really  wonderful,  and  proves 
the  power  of  faith  and  prayer  in  sustaining  both  body 
and  soul. 

The  following  is  a  fair  picture  of  his  daily  labors. 
They  may  at  times  have  been  somewhat  lighter,  but 
again  they  have  been  even  more  severe.  Recitations 
commencing  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  con- 
tinuing with  a  short  interruption  for  chapel  exercises, 
until  noon.  Resumed  sometimes  at  half-past  twelve, 
never  later  than  one  o'clock,  to  continue  until  half-past 
three  in  the  afternoon,  when  he  was  released  for  a 
time,  only  to  begin  again  at  six  in  the  evening,  when 
he  was  occupied  in  superintending  the  studies  of  some 
of  the  younger  students  lodging  in  his  house,  and  in 
hearing  extra  recitations  until  nine  o'clock. 

Besides  this,  on  Saturday,  when  the  usual  recitations 
were  suspended,  he  spent  an  hour  with  his  theological 
class,  and  during  the  week  presided  over  the  meetings 
of  the  theological  society.  This,  together  with  preach- 
ing on  Sabbath  mornings,  and  leading  the  Sabbath 
evening  prayer  meeting,  with  the  necessary  prepara- 
tions for  both,  left  him  but  little  leisure. 

We  do  not  wish  to  convey  the  idea,  that  all  this 
labor  was  required  by  the  trustees.  The  regular  hours 
for  recitations  at  the  seminary,  being  from  8J  a.  m. 
until  3|  p.  M.,  with  an  hour's  interval  at   noon ;    the 


REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D.  77 

rest,  for  tlic  most  part,  was  self-imposed.  At  one  time 
he  heard  a  recitation  in  geometry  every  day,  during 
the  whole  of  the  long  spring  vacation. 

It  has  ever  been  his  greatest  pleasure  to  impart 
instruction  to  an  interested  student.  The  recitations 
he  hears  are  of  the  most  varied  character.  Himself 
and  the  principal,  sometimes  with  the  help  of  an 
assistant,  sometimes  without,  dividing  the  labor  be- 
tween them,  he  being  generally  best  satisfied  with  the 
lion's  share. 

He  passes  with  the  utmost  ease  from  one  subject  to 
another,  going  from  the  higher  mathematics,  to  Greek 
or  Hebrew  roots  and  synonyms,  and  again  from  these, 
to  the  drudgery  of  drilling  a  class  in  the  rudiments  of 
one  or  the  other  of  the  modern  languages,  while  the- 
ology is  interspersed  with  the  rest. 

The  short  period  required  for  the  separation  of  one 
class,  and  the  gathering  of  its  successor,  is  usually 
spent  in  reading,  and  he  once  used  the  fact,  that  he 
had  in  this  way,  read  McCosh  On  the  Divine  Govern- 
ment, during  one  session  of  the  seminary,  as  an  argu- 
ment to  urge  his  students  to  be  careful  of  those  odd 
moments,  so  apt  to  be  misimproved,  or  suifered  to  run 
to  waste. 

As  a  disciplinarian,  he  has  few  equals,  the  tap  of  his 
finger,  or  the  glance  of  his  eye,  seldom  failing  to  com- 
mand order  and  attention.  The  younger  students  are 
generally  inmates  of  his  family  and  under  his  imme- 
diate supervision..  On  one  occasion,  two  lads,  some 
fourteen  or  fifteen  years  of  age,  went  into  the  doctor's 
garden  to  settle  some  difficulty,  after  the  Irish  method ; 
and  altogether  unconscious  of  the  fact,  that  the  same 
tall  stalks  of  corn,  which  screened  them  from  observa- 
tion, also  concealed  the  doctor  who  was  busily  hoeing 


78  REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D. 

his  garden,  they  began  pummelling  each  other  lustily, 
but  were  suddenly  interrupted  much  to  their  surprise, 
by  one  of  the  combatants  being  collared,  and  receiving 
a  severe  dose  of  the  elixir  Solomonis,  as  a  certain  pro- 
fessor once  styled  corporeal  punishment.  Meanwhile 
his  opponent  stood  by  smiling  his  approval  of  this 
summary  administration  of  justice;  the  smile,  however, 
soon  changed  places,  as  number  two  was  unceremoni- 
ously seized  and  subjected  to  similar  treatment. 

A  half  hour  later,  the  doctor  met  the  castigated 
youths  walking,  and  chatting  pleasantly  together,  with 
each  an  arm  over  the  other's  shoulder,  and  addressed 
them  for  the  first  time,  with  the  question,  "  "Well  boys, 
do  you  feel  better  ? "  To  which  they  laughingly 
responded,  "Yes,  sir."  "Glad  to  hear  it,"  said  the 
doctor,  and  passed  on. 

Some  of  the  boys  once  took  a  fancy  to  ring  the 
seminary  bell  in  the  middle  of  the  night,  to  the  great 
annoyance  of  all  well  disposed  and  sleepy  people  in 
the  immediate  vicinity. 

The  doctor  thought  they  would  soon  tire  of  the 
sport  if  let  alone,  but  was  finally  persuaded  to  go  to 
the  seminary  and  put  a  stop  to  the  noise. 

He  found  on  entering  the  belfry,  that  the  ringing 
was  accomplished  by  means  of  a  long  rope,  attached 
to  the  bell,  and  hanging  down  outside  the  building. 
He  quietly  possessed  himself  of  this,  and  returned  to 
the  house. 

There  was  no  more  bell  ringing  that  night,  as  there 
was  no  one  probably  courageous  enough  to  run  the 
risk  of  being  caught  in  the  belfry.  The  next  morning 
in  chapel,  the  doctor  drily  remarked  that  he  had  in  "his 
possession  a  rope  which  he  presumed  was  a  bed  cord, 
and  if  the  owner  would  call  for  it,  he  should  receive 


REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D.  79 

it  without  being  asked  any  questions.  The  rope,  how- 
ever, was  not  claimed,  and,  as  it  could  not  be  replaced 
in  the  village,  some  one  no  doubt  slept  on  the  floor  for 
some  time.  There  were  no  more  beds  uncorded  to 
furnish  bell  rope  that  term. 

In  his  family,  Dr.  Miller  has  ever  been  the  kind 
husband,  the  fond  and  sympathizing  father,  and  the 
judicious  friend.  In  his  younger  days  he  did  not 
disdain,  notwithstanding  his  arduous  duties,  occa- 
sionally to  join  in  his  children's  sports,  and  once  lost 
his  spectacles  while  running  a  race  with  a  couple  of 
the  students,  in  which,  however,  he  came  off  victorious. 

He  cares  little  for  the  outside  world.  How  lightly 
he  values  its  honors,  may  be  gathered  from  the  fol- 
lowing incident :  Shortly  after  receiving  the  degree 
of  D.D. — it  was  less  frequently  conferred  in  those 
days  —  being  unaccustomed  to  hearing  himself  ad- 
dressed by  that  title,  he  was  introduced  to  a  stranger, 
whose  name  he  did  not  hear,  but  catching  the  words 
Dr.  Miller,  supposed  it  to  belong  to  the  other,  and 
so  introduced  him  to  a  room  full  of  company,  to  their 
great  amusement,  as  they  readily  saw  the  mistake 
and  its  cause. 

In  his  habits  and  manners,  he  is  extremely  simple 
and  natural.  Finding  his  habit  of  smoking  made 
an  excuse  for  the  immoderate  use  of  tobacco  by  some 
of  his  students  he  laid  aside  his  pipe,  and  has  not 
indulged  in  this,  the  only  luxury  he  ever  allowed  him- 
self, for  many  years.  We  cannot  better  conclude  this 
sketch  than  by  an  extract  from  Dr.  Strobel's  intro- 
duction to  a  volume  of  Dr.  Miller's  sermons,  published 
in  1860. 

"  As  a  philologist,  theologian  and  general  scholar  he 
now  ranks  among  the   first  men  in   the   Evangelical 


80         '     REV.     GEORGE     B.     MILLER,     D.D. 

Lutheran  cliurch.  As  a  writer,  he  is  clear,  racy  and 
pointed.  Few  men  wield  the  pen  so  readily,  or  have 
equal  facility  in  imparting  their  own  thoughts  to  others. 
As  a  man  of  earnest  Christian  character,  possessing  a 
faith,  ardent  yet  childlike  in  its  simplicity,  habits  of 
industry  and  self-denial  of  which  we  have  few  exam- 
ples; a  life  adorned  by  many  graces,  unsullied  by  a 
single  stain,  unpretending  and  modest  to  a  fault,  he 
presents  one  of  those  specimens  of  primitive  Christ- 
ianity rarely  met  with,  and  towards  which  we  are 
drawn  by  the  strongest  sympathies  of  our  nature." 


HARTWICK  AND  ITS  SURROUKDINGS. 

BY    REV.    CHARLES    A.     SMITH,    D.D. 

Those  who  have  studied  most  thoughtfully  and 
intelligently  the  laws  of  influence,  are  aware  that 
natural  scenery  has  much  to  do  with  the  formation 
of  character.  And,  therefore,  we  think  the  literary 
institutions  of  the  land,  as  far  as  may  be,  should  be 
planted  away  from  the  din  and  materialism  of  the  city, 
where  the  valleys  smile  and  the  mountains  fling  their 
solemn  shadows.  In  every  sphere  and  calling  of  life, 
we  need  more  of  the  purifying,  elevating  power  of 
nature's  forms  to  shape  and  move  the  mind,  and  in- 
spire it  with  sentiments  and  tastes  that  shall  shield  it 
from  the  secularizing  tendency  of  worldly  pursuits. 
Student-life  forms  stronger  attachments,  we  believe, 
among  the  everlasting  hills,  than  amid  the  noise  and 
smoke  of  thickly  populated  towns.  The  tree  planted 
by  student  hands;  the  familiar  walks  through  the 
woods  w^here  the  ferns  and  the  wild  flowers  greet  the 
eye;  the  stroll  along  the  river-bank;  the  nibble  and 
the  bite,  welcome  rewards  of  patient  waiting ;  the  hunt 
for  blackberries,  and  the  remunerative  feast  upon  the 
luscious  fruit  peering  through  the  inundating  cream  ; 
the  chestnut  gatherings ;  the  apple  harvest,  and  the 
subsequent  roasting  of  the  garnered  products  of  the 
orchard  upon  primitive  wood-stoves;  the  innocent  jest, 
and  the  responsive  laugh  echoed  by  the  reverberating 
rocks  ;  the  rostrum  in  the  secluded  grove,  where  the 
candidate  for  elocutionary  honors  is  unintimidated  in 
the  trials  of  his  skill  by  cold,  unsympathizing  critics, 
11 


82  HARTWICK     AND    SURROUNDINGS. 

and  bird  notes  applaud  every  venture  of  the  neophite ; 
memories  like  these  cling  to  the  heart,  and  are  associ- 
ated with  its  tenderest,  noblest  emotions.  Why  then 
should  not  every  theological  school  be  surrounded  by 
these  suggestive  teachers,  the  leaves  and  blossoms,  the 
quiet  meadows  and  the  rippling  streams.  There  is  a 
theology  in  nature  which  accords  with  the  theology 
of  the  Bible,  and  from  which  the  student  may  derive 
illustrations  and  arguments  without  number  for  the 
enforcement  of  the  principles  announced  by  inspired 
prophets  and  apostles.  The  study  of  nature  is  a  dis- 
cipline and  a  help  for  the  investigation  of  higher 
truth.  It  imparts  to  the  mind  materials  of  enlarged  and 
varied  thought,  and  a  power  of  presentation,  not  only 
more  captivating,  but  also  more  persuasive  than  can 
be  acquired  by  mere  scholastic  learning,  however  pro- 
found and  exhaustless  it  may  be. 

In  the  secluded  valley  that  shelters  Hartwick  Semi- 
nary from  the  turmoil  of  the  busy  world,  nature  has 
scattered  her  gifts  with  a  generous  profusion.  The 
hills,  wild  with  wood-land  or  tamed  by  the  hand  of 
cultivation  into  grain  fields  and  pastures,  recede  gently 
undisturbed  in  their  repose  by  rugged  cliifs  or  frown- 
ing battlements  of  torn  rocks.  The  Susquehanna  is 
as  bright  and  beautiful  here  as  river  can  be,  never 
impetuous,  but  purling  now  and  then  as  it  runs  with 
quickened  pace  through  some  narrow  channel ;  or 
laughing  in  sportive  leaps  as  it  encounters  a  resistant 
stone,  or  the  fallen  branch  of  some  overhanging  tree. 
Orchards  and  hop  fields,  and  rich  meadows  inter- 
spersed with  groups  of  trees,  so  harmonize  and  blend 
as  to  form  pictures  of  surpassing  loveliness  in  every 
direction.  Once  this  favored  spot  was  even  more 
secluded   than  it  is   now.      When  the  seminarv  was 


IIARTWICK     AND    SURROUNDINGS.  83 

first  established,  the  students  came  from  Albany,  a 
distance  of  seventy-five  miles,  in  a  stage-coach.  In 
after  years  the  Ccnti'al  rail  road,  passing  along  the  valley 
of  the  Mohawk,  reduced  the  staging  distance  to  less 
than  thirty  miles.  But  the  tread  of  aggressive  enter- 
prise will  soon  be  heard  amid  these  quiet  scenes,  and 
the  whistle  of  the  locomotive  will  mingle  with  the 
voices  of  nature. 

Let  us  thread  our  way  from  Canajoharie,  or  Fort 
Plain,  and  enjoy  a  ride  of  thirty  miles  without  the 
aid  of  rail  or  steam,  glancing  meanwhile  at  some  of 
the  localities  that  are  associated  with  Hartwick  in 
historic  annals,  and  in  the  recollections  of  many  who 
have  availed  themselves  of  the  educational  advantages 
ofiered  in  this  quiet  retreat.  If  we  start  from  the 
former  place,  a  ride  of  two  miles  will  bring  us  to  the 
homestead  of  the  Goertner  family,  where  ministers  of 
the  gospel  have  always  been  greeted  with  an  honest 
welcome.  The  house  remains  unchanged,  and  the 
"Welcome  has  lost  none  of  its  warmth  by  the  lapse  of 
years.  Li  the  year  1799,  General  Sullivan  transported 
over  this  route  two  hundred  boats  upon  as  many 
wheeled  carriages,  each  drawn  by  four  horses.  Regi- 
ments of  troops  were  stationed  all  along  the  route. 
When  the  cavalcade  reached  the  head  of  Otsego  lake, 
the  boats  were  launched,  a  dam  was  thrown  across  the 
outlet  of  the  lake,  and  when  this  was  removed  to 
allow  the  boats  to  pass  down  the  river,  the  Indians 
were  amazed  and  alarmed  at  the  sudden  rise  of  water 
overflowing  the  banks  and  washing  away  the  crops, 
and  regarded  it  as  a  proof  of  the  auger  of  the  Great 
Spirit.  The  primitive  forests  along  the  river  were 
then  broken  only  by  occasional  clearings  occupied  by 
scattered  Indian  families. 


84  HARTWICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

At  present  the  road  leading  from  Fort  Plain  is  tra- 
veled most.  As  you  ascend  tlie  liill  from  the  vil- 
lage, a  panorama  of  surpassing  beauty  breaks  upon 
the  vision.  On  the  summit  of  the  opposite  hills,  the 
two  churches  of  Stone  Arabia  are  visible.  Toward 
the  west  in  the  valley  may  be  seen  the  spire  of  the 
Palatine  church,  a  stone  edifice,  built  in  the  year  1770, 
and  literally  founded  upon  a  rock.  The  road  is  at 
times  wildly  picturesque,  leading  through  dense  woods 
and  along  the  margin  of  the  forest-stream  that  ripples 
playfully  over  the  stones,  and  between  the  gnarled 
roots  of  old  trees  that  intertwine  their  branches  over 
it.  And  when  you  emerge  from  the  woods,  a  quiet 
hamlet  greets  you,  its  silence  broken  only  by  the  noise 
of  the  anvil  or  the  driving  of  the  nail  into  the  hoof 
of  the  patient  horse.  And  then  you  pass  well-culti- 
vated farms,  and  pleasant  farm  houses,  many  of  them 
entirely  new,  and  nearly  all  denoting  the  thrift  and 
taste  of  their  owners.  After  riding  a  distance  of 
twelve  or  fourteen  miles,  you  catch  the  first  glimpse 
of  Otsego  lake.  Imbedded  between  projecting  hills, 
it  is  a  striking  emblem  of  quietness  and  peace.  You 
can  hardly  imagine  that  the  wild  fierce  cry  of  the 
Indian  thirsting  for  blood,  ever  disturbed  this  sabbath- 
like stillness.  Massive  trees  and  beautiful  shrubbery, 
nature's  own  grouping,  decorate  the  shore.  So  dis- 
tinctly are  all  the  outlines  reflected  from  the  bright 
surface  of  the  lake,  that  the  trees  seem  to  grow  in  the 
water  as  well  as  above  it.  Now  you  approach  an 
opening  tliat  reveals  a  long  sweep  of  several  miles 
glistening  in  the  sunlight;  and  then  the  view  is 
entirely  concealed  by  bits  of  forest,  and  again  you 
are  permitted  to  steal  a  transient  look  through  some 
shy  vista  canopied  with  the  fall-leafed  tendrils  of  the 


IIARTAVICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS.  85 

wild  grape.  Blackberries  grow  along  the  fences  in 
tempting  luxuriance,  and  many  a  bush  bears  fruit  so 
luscious  and  melting  that  under  the  management  of 
an  adroit  cultivator  it  would  form  the  basis  of  a  new 
and  profitable  variety.  The  roads  are  excellent,  and 
the  drive  as  full  of  interest  as  if  you  were  passing 
through  the  grounds  of  some  wealthy  landholder  who 
had  spent  many  thousands  in  adding  fresh  beauty  to 
the  charms  of  nature.  At  the  distance  of  three  or 
four  miles  from  the  head  of  the  lake,  you  see  on  the 
opposite  shore  the  substantial  mansion  and  elaborate 
grounds  of  George  Clark,  which  some  of  the  lads  of 
years  ago  remember  in  connection  with  winter  eve- 
ning parties  and  sleigh  rides,  when  the  crisp  snow 
made  music,  and  the  ringing  bells;  and  w^ords  were 
almost  frozen  by  the  intense,  cold,  and  noses  quite. 
Another  spot  of  interest  that  has  lost  none  of  its 
attractiveness  by  the  lapse  of  years,  is  the  Three- 
mile  Point,  where  the  merry  dance  on  the  greensward 
used  to  enliven  the  scene.  Here  young  and  old  still 
gather,  and  spread  refi-eshments  on  rustic  tables,  and 
laugh  and  frolic  as  in  years  gone  by.  Once,  pleasure 
parties  went  from  Cooperstown  to  this  favorite  resort 
in  a  large  flat-boat  or  scow,  capable  of  holding  fifty 
persons  or  more.  A  band  of  musicians  generally 
accompanied  the  excursionists;  and  when  about  a 
mile  from  Cooperstown,  the  bugleman  was  accus- 
tomed to  stand  in  his  place,  and  fling  out,  strain  by 
strain,  the  notes  of  some  familiar  tune  in  the  direc- 
tion of  certain  music-loving  rocks  away  among  the 
hills,  and  they  never  failed  to  send  back  each  strain, 
note  by  note,  clear  and  ringing  as  it  went.  Some  said 
that  this  was  the  favorite  abode  of  Echo,  and  that  here 
she  exerted  her  power  as  nowhere  else.      But  the  boys 


86  IIARTWICK    AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

who  were  studying  the  sciences,  laughed  with  skep- 
tical incredulity  at  all  such  mythological  fancies,  and 
contended  that  the  rocks  themselves  were  the  ans- 
wering medium,  and  talked  learnedly  of  the  angle  of 
incidence  and  the  angle  of  reflection. 

As  you  approach  Cooperstown,  you  pass  the  unpre- 
tending homestead  of  Judge  Nelson,  looking  out  upon 
the  placid  lake,  and  the  densely-wooded  hills.  The 
village  itself  lays  no  claim  to  architectural  beauty ;  but 
one  feels  that  human  decorations  can  be  spared  where 
nature  has  been  so  lavish  of  adornments.  An  artist 
might  select  along  these  shores  of  lake  and  river,  and 
upon  these  eminences,  the  studies  of  a  life  time.  We 
do  not  wonder  that  the  genius  of  Cooper  found 
aliment  and  inspiration  here.  In  the  shade  of  these 
forest  trees  should  the  truthful  delineations  of  his 
graphic  pen  be  read.  The  features  of  the  landscape 
are  just  as  he  described  them.  The  clearing  on  the 
summit  of  Mount  Vision  is  still  visited  by  those  who 
wish  to  obtain  a  commanding  view  of  the  town  and 
the  valley.  The  spot  where  ISTatty  Bumppo  disputed 
with  Judge  Temple  his  right  to  the  slain  deer,  is  an 
actual  locality.  The  rising  ground  up  which  the 
sleigh  was  drawn  as  it  approached  the  village  is  still 
to  be  seen,  just  where  the  bridge  spans  the  placid 
river.  And  the  sugar  bush  of  Billy  Kirby  cannot  be 
far  off;  or  if  the  grove  is  no  longer  visible,  and  the 
sap  no  longer  flows  in  the  early  spring  time,  more 
than  a  single  guide,  in  all  probability,  can  direct  the 
interested  traveler  to  the  spot,  where  the  maples 
stood  in  "  stately  pride,"  like  the  columns  and  capi- 
tals of  a  mighty  temple  of  which  the  heavens  formed 
the  arch.  And  as  you  walk  among  the  noble  trees 
that  yet,   here   and   there,    bring   the  annual  joys  of 


IIAKTAVICK     AND     SU  R  KOUN  DINGS.  87 

sugar-making,  you  can  almost  imagine  tljat  you  hear 
Richard  keeping  "  time  with  his  whip  on  the  mane  of 
his  charger,"  while  Billy  Kirby  sings  to  the  tune 
of  the  national  air  : 

•'  The  maple  tree's  a  precious  one, 
'Tis  fuel,  food,  and  timber  ; 
And  when  your  stiff  day's  work  is  done, 

Its  juice  will  make  you  limber. 
Then  flow  away  my  sweety  sap, 
And  I  will  make  you  boily  j 
Nor  catch  a  woodman's  hasty  nap. 
For  fear  you  should  get  roily." 

Fishing  in  the  lake  is  as  excellent  as  in  days  of 
yore.  The  salmon-trout  caught  here,  are  in  some 
respects,  uuequaled.  Drop  your  line  boldly  —  you 
need  not  fear  that  it  will  be  only  a  venture  —  and 
as  the  captured  denizen  of  the  bright,  clear  water 
rises  to  the  surface,  and  displays  its  winning  pisca- 
torial beauty,  you  will  be  able  to  account  for  the 
enthusiastic  admiration  of  Marmaduke  Temple,  when 
he  lifted  one  of  .the  fish  that  had  been  thrown  from 
a  heavily  laden  net  upon  the  pebbly  shore,  and  hold- 
ing it  in  his   hand  said  to  his  daughter : 

"  This  is  a  fearful  expenditure  of  the  choicest  gifts 
of  Providence.  These  fish,  Bess,  which  thou  seest 
lying  in  such  piles  before  thee,  and  which  by  to- 
morrow evening,  will  be  rejected  food  on  the  meanest 
table  in  Templetou,  are  of  a  quality  and  fiavor  that,  in 
other  countries,  would  make  them  esteemed  a  luxury 
on  the  tables  of  princes  or  epicures.  The  world  has 
no  better  fish  than  the  bass  of  Otsego ;  it  unites  the 
richness  of  the  shad  to  the  firmness  of  the  salmon." 

Hartwick   Seminary  is   about   five   miles   south    of 


88  IIART^A'ICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

CooperstowiJ,  on  the  west  side  of  the  valley.  The 
road  that  leads  to  it  passes  through  scenery  pleasantly 
diversified.  Along  the  road  are  several  dwellings  that 
stand  as  landmarks  dating  back  as  far  as  the  seminary 
itself,  and  perhaps  beyond.  The  first  that  has  a  sort 
of  historic  relation  to  the  seminary  is  the  residence  of 
George  Clark,  whose  father,  Jerome  Clark,  was  for 
many  years  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees.  This 
dwelling  not  only  retains  all  the  freshness  of  its  pri- 
meval days,  but  is  more  attractive  in  appearance  than 
it  was  years  ago.  It  is  remembered  as  the  pleasant 
abiding  place  of  many  of  the  students  —  as  the  home 
of  refinement  and  taste.  Within,  it  retains  its  iden- 
tity with  wonderful  exactness;  the  spacious  lounge 
and  the  familiar  chairs,  and  other  articles  of  furniture, 
have  the  look  of  welcome  that  can  be  worn  only  by 
old  friends. 

In  the  next  house,  on  the  same  side  of  the  road, 
there  was  a  social  gathering  on  Thursday,  October  the 
17th,  in  the  year  1829,  which  is  thus  alluded  to  in 
the  diary  of  "William  L.  Stone : 

"  In  the  evening  attended  a  brilliant  party  given  in 
compliment  to  Mrs.  Stone  by  Joseph  Dottin  Hus- 
bands, Esq.,  of  Hartwick.  Mr.  Husbands  is  an  English 
gentleman  of  education  and  fine  talents.  He  was 
formerly  secretary  of  the  colonial  government  at  Bar- 
badoes,  but  has  resided  here  for  about  twelve  or  four- 
teen years.  His  habits  are  retired,  and  his  manners 
those  of  a  perfect  gentleman  —  of  a  gentleman  born 
and  bred.  His  wife  is  a  very  amiable  woman.  They 
have  a  promising  son  in  the  study  of  the  law,  and 
two  or  three  charming  daughters.  The  entertainment 
was  sufficiently  rich  and  various,  and  served  in  excel- 
lent taste.      The  circle  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  was 


IIAKTTTICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS. 


89 


numerous  aud  genteel.  There  was  much  beauty  among 
the  ladies,  and  the  circle  of  gentlemen  embraced  con- 
siderable learning  and  intellect.  Among  other  literary 
gentlemen  was  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hazelius,  the  learned 
and  excellent  principal  of  the  Hartwick  classical 
school.      Mr.  Husbands  himself  appears  to  excellent 


Mr.  Husbands's  House. 


advantage  in  conversation  upon  any  subject.  The 
whole  evening's  entertainment,  intellectual  and  other- 
wise, was  one  of  an  elevated  order,  and  passed  very 
pleasantly  away." 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  this  grouping  is  not  even 
more  minute.  We  have  five  principal  figures  indeed, 
but  if  others  had  been  named,  it  would  have  enabled 
many  to  depict  more  clearly,  in  imagination,  the  spirit 
of  the  intellectual  part  of  the  entertainment.  Joe 
Miller  was  probably  there ;  not  the  renowned  jester, 
but  one  equally  fun-loving,  who,  as  the  brother-in-law 
of  Mr.  Husbands,  could  hardly  have  missed  an  invita- 
tion. If  we  were  in  Philadelphia  we  would  obtain 
from  that  gentleman  reliable  information  concerning 
12 


90  HARTWICK    AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

Ms  whereabouts  on  tlie  evening  in  question.  Some 
favored  students  will  remember  how  after  a  walk  to 
Cooperstown,  he  used  to  insist  upon  their  riding  back 
to  Hartwick  in  his  one-horse  wagon,  just  as  the  sha- 
dows of  evening  were  settling  upon  the  hills,  and 
that  he  invariably  took  them  to  his  own  house,  where 
they  sat  down  to  a  bountiful  supper.  It  is  more  than 
probable  that  Colonel  Prentiss  and  his  wife  were 
invited  guests,  as  may  be  inferred  from  the  follow- 
ing record  contained  in  the  same  diary,  and  dated 
October  the  18th : 

"  In  the  evening  Colonel  Prentiss  and  his  wife  gave 
an  elegant  party  in  our  honor,  which  was  graced  by 
a  brilliant  circle  of  ladies  and  gentlemen.  To  my 
regret  Mr,  Husbands,  for  whom  I  have  contracted  a 
very  strong  partiality,  was  unable  to  come,  though 
his  wife  and  family  were  present." 

The  diary  affords  no  clue  to  other  names.  Enough 
is  told,  however,  to  assure  us  that  the  intellectual 
treat  was  of  a  high  order  on  both  occasions ;  embrac- 
ing such  toi3ics  as  educated  men  would  be  apt  to 
introduce,  enlivened  with  sparkling  repartee  and  quiet 
humor,  and  the  hearty  laugh  that  proclaimed  the  vivid 
enjoyment  of  the  hour.  The  social  parties  of  those 
days  in  Cooperstown  and  Hartwick,  were  distin- 
guished by  unusual  intelligence,  and  were  divested,  in 
a  remarkable  degree,  of  all  stiffness  and  reserve. 
The  conversation  partook  of  a  measure  of  vivacity 
and  freedom  that  put  every  one  at  ease,  and  made  the 
most  timid  feel  quite  at  home.  With  these  elements 
all  at  work  to  inspire  the  guests,  we  do  not  wonder 
that  the  evening  of  October  the  17th,  1829,  found  a 
place  in  Colonel  Stone's  journal. 

At  the  distance  of  less  than  half  a  mile  from  the 


HARTWICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS. 


91 


seminaiy,  begins  a  noble  avenue  of  maple  trees  that 
were  planted  years  ago,  on  each  side  of  the  road,  by 
Clark  Davison,  Esq.,  who  as  he  walks  daily  in  their 
shade  has  reason  to  congratulate  himself  that  he  has 
performed  this  well-timed  and  considerate  service.  If 
the  individual  who  plants  a  single  tree  is  a  benefactor 
of  his  race,  the  public  thanks  are  emphatically  due 
to  him  who  plants  a  hundred  or  more.  The  vigorous 
leaf-covered  branches  of  these  trees  intertwine,  as  if 
eager  to  cooperate  in  well-doing,  and  form  a  thick 
canopy  over  the  road,  with  openings  here  and  there 
that  let  in  just  enough  of  the  sun's  rays  to  show  how 
dense  the  foliage  really  is. 

The  chapel,  which  stands  at  the  termination  of 
this  leat-crowned  avenue,  is  a  neat  building,  suffi- 
ciently large  to  accommodate  those  who  assemble  for 
worship  on  the  Sabbath,  though  not  too  large  for  the 
numbers  who  come  to  witness  the  literary  exercises 
that  take  place  at  the  end  of  each  scholastic  year. 


Platform. 


This  is  not  the  old  chapel.     That  was  in  the  semi- 
nary building.     It  occupied  the  north  front  room  of 


92  riARTWICK    AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

the  second  story  of  the  main  edifice.  This  room, 
which  extended  the  entire  depth  of  the  building,  also 
accommodated  the  Sabbath  congregation.  But  in 
order  to  secure  more  space  for  extraordinary  occasions, 
there  was  a  swinging  partition  between  this  room  and 
the  remaining  front  room  of  the  main  edifice,  which 
extended  only  half  the  building,  so  that  when  the 
partition  was  lifted,  the  enlarged  chapel  was  shaped 
very  much  like  the  preceding  figure. 

Here  great  themes  were  discussed,  political  and 
metaphysical ;  and  patriotism  found  earnest  advocates. 
The  audiences  might  have  been  called  select.  They 
were  composed  in  a  good  degree  of  the  Starkweathers 
and  Coopers  and  Campbells  and  Pomeroys  and  other 
leading  families  of  Cooperstown,  who  at  that  time 
felt  a  lively  interest  in  the  prosperity  of  the  institution. 
So  closely  packed  were  the  assemblies  on  these  occa- 
sions that  not  one  more  could  have  been  added  to  the 
mass  of  applauding  listeners.  The  stairway  was  filled 
with  those  who  could  not  get  beyond,  very  much  to 
the  annoyance  of  the  speakers  at  times ;  for  these  out- 
siders were  very  apt  to  shout  their  expostulations  as 
they  trod  upon  each  other's  toes,  or  made  an  assault 
upon  each  other's  ribs  in  their  attempts  to  elbow  their 
way  through.  Kimble  boys  climbed  the  trees  until 
they  could  look  in  at  the  open  windows.  Venerable 
trustees  occupied  the  platform,  and  witnessed  with 
becoming  gravity,  and  with  encourageing  nods  of  ap- 
probation, the  bursting  germs  of  thought,  forerunners 
of  the  flowers  and  fruitage  of  a  coming  intellectual 
manhood. 

In  what  is  here  said,  there  is  no  disparagement  of 
the  literary  efibrts  of  the  young  men  who  now  fur- 
nish the  annual  feast  of  good  things ;    for  it  can  be 


IIARTWICK     AND     SURROUNDINGS.  93 

truly  affirmed  that  the  standard,  in  this  respect,  has 
never  been  more  elevated  than  it  is  now.  And  in 
other  respects,  the  anniversaries  of  recent  years  are 
marked  by  decided  improvements.  Those  who  at- 
tend them  are  comfortably  seated.  And  the  musical 
palm  must  be  awarded  to  the  present.  Only  think 
of  divers  brass  horns  blown  by  stentorian  lungs,  with- 
out any  regard  to  musical  expression,  or  the  limitation 
of  space  which  these  discordant  sounds  were  to  oc- 
cupy; and  clarionets  with  soft  reeds,  speaking  like 
so  many  slit  goose-quills ;  and,  then  compare  this 
blast  of  conflicting  noises  rasping  every  nerve  centre, 
with  the  artistic  performance  that  greeted  those  who 
were  present  at  the  semi-centennial  reunion.  In  place 
of  the  brass  band,  as  it  was  called,  there  was  an  ex- 
cellent piano,  skillfully  played  by  students  and  others ; 
and  accompanying  voices,  male  and  female,  artist- 
ically trained,  produced  eiFects  that  delighted  all  who 
were  susceptible  of  the  power  of  music,  rendered 
"with  the  spirit  and  with  the  understanding  also;" 
that  is  to  say,  with  deep  feeling,  and  a  true  intel- 
lectual conception  of  the  meaning  of  the  composer. 

The  room  that  was  occupied  by  Dr.  Ilazelius  as  a 
recitation  room,  in  which  he  also  lectured  to  the  theo-  / 
logical  students,  is  the  lower  room  at  the  right  hand 
of  the  front  door.  This  room  contains  the  theological 
library.  Here  the  trustees  usually  hold  their  annual 
meeting.  The  wings  seen  in  the  engraving  did  not 
belong  to  the  original  edifice,  and  were  added  after 
Dr.  Ilazelius  had  left  the  institution.  A  few  of  the 
trees  have  been  omitted  by  the  artist,  so  as  to  afford 
a  better  view  of  the  building.  The  grounds  belong- 
ing to  the  seminary  are  not  extensive  enough  even 
for  a  game  of  ball;    but  for  this  restriction  there  is 


94 


HARTWICK    AND     SURROUNDINGS. 


an  equivalent  in  the  ample  fields  and  inviting  hills 
that  surround  it. 


Hartwick  Seminary. 


On  one  of  these  hills,  at  the  distance  of  about  two 
miles  from  the  seminary,  Dr.  Hazelius  owned  a  few 
acres  which  were  familiarly  known  as  the  Doctor's 
farm.  It  is  still  there,  with  its  little  quiet  lake.  As 
you  ascend  the  road  that  leads  to  it,  a  fine  view  of  the 
valley  presents  itself,  with  the  spires  of  Cooperstown 
in  the  distance.  On  every  hand  you  may  see  clumps 
of  trees  or  dense  woods,  relieving  by  their  presence 
the  cultivated  fields  of  all  monotony.  From  some 
points  you  may  catch  glimpses  of  the  sparkling  river 
winding  between  the  shrubs  and  grasses  that  fringe 
its  banks. 

The  house  formerly  occupied  by  Dr.  Hazelius,  and 
now  by  Dr.  Miller,  is  not  at  all  pretentious.  It  boasts 
not  of  extension  roof,  or  of  any  of  the  ornamentation 
that  renders  the  rural  architecture  of  the  present  day 
80  pleasing  to  the  eye.     But  it  has  always  been   the 


IIARTWICK     AND    SUK  ROUNDING  S. 


95 


home  of  the  largest  hospitality,  and  the  most  refined 
Christian  intercourse. 


Dr.  Miller's  nouae. 


The  neat  parlor  looks  out  upon  the  small  lawn  in 
front.  Here  the  first  occupant  received  his  many 
friends,  and  made  them  welcome.  Here  the  students 
who  had  left  the  institution,  gathered  from  year  to  year 
to  greet  their  preceptor.  Here  many  kind  inquiries 
were  made  touching  their  prospects  in  life.  Here 
they  recounted  old  experiences,  and  pupils  and  teacher 
laughed  together  at  the  rehearsal  of  pranks,  which  at 
the  time  of  their  occurrence  were  not  deemed  alto- 
gether worthy  of  pedagogical  approbation.  From 
the  dining  room  beyond,  which  occupied  the  back 
building  represented  iii  the  picture,  the  exhilarating 
fumes  of  the  well-prepared  coffee  crept  through  crack 
and  keyhole,  and  slyly  told  the  visitor  of  the  generous 
repast  that  was  about  to  be  served.  To  this  parlor 
the  doctor  frequently  brought  his  last  cup  of  coffee, 
which  he  sipped  leisurely,  but  with  manifest  enjoy- 


96  IIAETWICK    AND     SURROUNDINGS. 

ment,  between  the  whiffs  of  his  pipe.  Here  he  played 
an  occasional  game  of  chess,  a  recreation  of  which 
he  was  particularly  fond,  and  in  which  he  indulged 
with  so  much  skill  that  he  met  but  few  successful 
competitors.  Aaron  Burr,  who  had  a  ward  at  the 
seminary,  was  in  this  parlor  more  than  once.  John 
Quitman  M^as  frequently  there,  and  Sutermeister  the 
poet;  and  the  thoughts  of  many  now  occupying 
positions  of  great  influence  in  the  various  walks  of 
life,  recur  to  it  fondlj'. 

That  parlor  is  still  weaving  pleasant  memories  for 
those  who  visit  it.  The  charm  of  intellectual  com- 
panionship remains.  Elijah  has  departed;  but  Elisha 
is  there,  and  wears  the  mantle  well.  In  that  parlor 
was  the  golden  wedding,  elsewhere  described ;  and 
the  gifts  of  affection  that  crowned  the  festive  hour, 
and  the  words  of  love  that  hailed  and  sanctified  it, 
from  lips  of  children  and  children's  children,  told  of 
the  power  to  win  that  still  reigns  within  those  familiar 
walls. 

The  Susquehanna  river,  which  is  very  narrow  where 
it  issues  from  the  lake,  widens  its  course  very  per- 
ceptibly within  the  distance  of  a  few  miles,  until  at 
Hartwick,  it  begins  to  give  promise  of  the  greatness 
it  afterwards  attains.  Take  a  stroll  along  the  river 
bank.  You  cannot  miss  a  point  of  interest,  strike 
it  where  you  will.  There  are  secluded  walks  every- 
where; and  surprises  of  rare  and  changing  beauty 
meet  you  at  every  turn.  Yonder  is  a  little  cove 
formed  by  an  abrupt  bend  of  the  river,  which  makes 
it  resemble  a  miniature  lake.  If  times  have  not 
changed,  a  canoe  floats  lazily  at  the  shore,  and  you 
may  cross  the  stream,  and  ramble  on  the  other  side ; 
or  if  the  canoe  has  disappeared,  you  can  wade  over 


IIARTAVICK     AND     SU  R  ROUN  DINC  S.  97 

tluit  shallow  whose  graveled  bed  is  not  more  than  a 
foot  beneath  the  surface. 

Beyond  the  river,  on  an  elevation  from  which  it 
may  be  seen  for  miles,  is  the  home  of  the  friendless 
poor,  in  which  they  i;re  sheltered  from  cold  and 
starvation  at  the  public  expense.  The  theological 
students  sometimes  exercise  their  gifts  here ;  nor 
could  they  have  a  more  fitting  audience.  "  Unto  the 
poor  the  gospel  is  preached,"  would  be  an  appropriate 
text  for  such  an  assembly.  It  has,  doubtless,  been 
chosen  more  than  once. 

If  you  possess  a  fishing  rod,  take  it  along  when  you 
go  to  the  river.  Perchance  you  may  have  the  excite- 
ment of  a  nibble,  or  may  even  coax  one  of  the  finny 
tribe  to  take  possession  of  the  hook.  Ko  trout  will 
dart  upon  your  tempting  bait ;  but  the  golden  sunfish 
may  approach  it  warily,  and  when  he  has  satisfied 
himself  that  it  is  an  honest  worm,  and  nothing  else, 
that  is  tempting  his  hunger,  he  may  draw  it  with 
characteristic  deliberation  into  his  mouth,  until  he 
feels  the  barbed  device,  and  in  the  quick  struggle"  to 
escape,  renders  his  capture  sure.  Were  you  an  adept, 
you  might  catch  a  mess  in  half  an  hour.  But  should 
you  not  succeed  before  you  reach  the  deep  hole, 
there  are  suckers  there  who  would  like  to  play  a 
game  of  skill  if  you  are  ready  for  the  sport.  The  hole 
is  literally  deep;  but  the  water  is  so  clear  that  you 
can  see  the  stones  beneath,  and  the  fish  intermediate, 
thus  giving  you  the  plain  advantage;  for  you  can 
have  your  eye  on  the  mouth  of  the  sucker  as  it  opens 
to  receive  the  tempting  morsel,  and  then  closes,  press- 
ing upon  the  bait  without  stirring  the  line  or  causing 
the  fioat  to  quiver  in  the  least ;  and  if  you  do  not  pull 
when  the  miouth  is  shut,  it  will  be  your  fault,  not  his. 
13 


98  TIARTVVICK     AND     SIJ  K  110  (IN  I)  J  Nfi  S. 

There  is  no  pari  ol"  tliis  HectioD  of  tlio  Huscjucljiimia 
valley  more  attractive  than  the  immediate  neighbor- 
hood ol"  Ifartwick  Seminary.  Beyond  this  point,  in 
the  dii-ection  of  Milford,  manufactnring  interests  have 
intei'fered  sorruiwhat  with  the  handiwork  of  nature. 
I  lilt  h(!re,  enter]  >rise  has  constructed  no  machinery, 
and  nature,  unmolested,  has  her  own  way.  The 
farmer  ploughs  and  sows,  but  he  is  nature's  waiting- 
man,  and  does  her  bidding  —  fosters  the  forms  she 
loves  —  plants  orchards,  and  enriches  the  meadows, 
and  cultivates  the  vine.  It  may  be  that  mental  associ- 
ation has  something  to  do  with  the  estimate  here 
fornicd  of  the  natural  beauties  that  adorn  this  favored 
spot;  but  nevertheless,  we  thiidc  every  one  who  loves 
the  bright  waters  and  the  wooded  hills  will  say  that 
fond  memories  need  not  look  or  long  for  more  attract- 
ive forms  around  which  to  cluster. 


OOLDKN   WKDDINO  OK   DK.   AND  MRS. 
M\\AA<]\L 

IIY   HIOV.    inOINIIOM)  ADI'll.lil'.IUI. 

A  <2;ol(l('ii  wcddini;' !  wliiil,  ii  rai'o  occiisioii,  Mcldoiii 
indeed  witnessed,  but,  loiii;-  (o  Ix;  rcmcinbcrcd.  Il  lidls 
to  tlic  lot  of  l)Tit  lew  to  colebriite  tlie  lirtictli  iiimivcu'- 
Hiiiy  of"  tlieir  weddiii<j:;-diiy ;  but  sucli  wjih  IIk^  i^ood 
fortune  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  (Jeo.  .15.  Milieu-  iind  biw  o-ood 
wife.  Fifty  yejirs  ago  tliey  nnitiudly  pledged  Ibcir 
trotli,  and  now  tbey  liad  ooni|)k^ted  liull'  a  ccuitiiry  ol" 
liaj)|)y  and  blissCid  WiMldod  liH'.  '^Fbat  uninvei-sary-day 
hadl)e(Mi  looktul  Ibcward  lo  by  \\\()  many  rricnds  ol' lb(; 
aged  pair  witb  fond  anticipaiioiiH,  and  vvbc^n  at  last  it 
came,  it  found  tiie  old  boiucHtead,  at  Hartwick  Scnn- 
nary,  crowded  with  brothers  and  Histers,  cliildrcn  iind 
grandchildren,  who  liad  gathered  from  neai-  and  from 
far  to  offer  their  congi'atulations  and  good  wishes.  Of 
tb(^  ten  sui-viving  eliildren,  tbii'ly-seven  grandcliildren 
and  two  great -grandcliildi'en  —  eiglit,  children,  liv(i 
sons-in-law,  eighteen  grand(;liildi-en,  and  a,  nund)er 
of  relations  and  friends  wove  present,  and  tilled  the 
ho8pitul)le  mansion,  and  good  humor  and  happiness 
reigned   among  old   and  young. 

As  tln^  anniversary  of  the  M'edding-day  lell  on 
Sunday,  l^tli  olMuly,  IStHJ,  it  had  Ixum  ari-anged  tliat 
tluMvhole  family  should  eeki])rat(^  tlic;  I^ord's  su|»p(M- ; 
and  tliat,  on  tlie  Saturday  [>re(;ediug,  tlie  wc^dding 
festivities  should  take  place.  Accoi-dingly,  oti  Saiin-day 
afternoon,  preparatory  services  were  lield,  and  the  Itev. 


100  GOLDEN     WEDDING. 

Dr.  Pohlman,  of  Albany,  preached  an  instructive  and 
able  sermon  to  a  good  audience  that  had  gathered  in 
the  neat,  but  unpretending  little  country  church.  In 
the  evening  the  house  was  thronged  by  a  crowd  of 
friends  and  invited  guests  from  Cooperstown  and  the 
neighborhood,  and  about  eight  o'clock  a  meeting  was 
organized  in  the  tastefully  decorated  homestead  parlor, 
the  aged  couple  occuping  the  principal  and  most  con- 
spicuous seats,  while  on  their  right  and  left  were  seated 
their  near  relations,  and  before  them  their  numerous 
progeny  of  children  and  grandchildren.  Dr.  Pohlman, 
who  had  been  appointed  master  of  ceremonies,  made 
a  few  introductory  remarks;  a  hymn  was  sung,  the  91st 
Psalm  read,  and  prayer  oft'ered  by  the  Rev.  Prof. 
Scholl,  the  principal  of  Hartwick  Seminary.  There- 
upon Mr.  Wesley  Snyder,  of  New  York,  brother  of 
the  bride,  who  had  been  present  at  the  original  wed- 
ding, and  on  that  occasion  had  been  dispatched  after  the 
officiating  dominie,  made  a  short  speech,  full  of  feeling 
and  thought ;  he  was  followed  by  Mr.  Abraham  Heden- 
bergh,  of  Newark,  a  brother-in-law,  who,  by  his  happy 
and  humorous  remarks,  delighted  the  whole  audience. 
After  him  Dr.  Henry  S.  Miller,  the  only  surviving  son, 
in  behalf  of  all  the  children  of  the  bridal  pair,  offered 
his  congratulations  in  a  most  impressive  and  beautiful 
speech,  and  Rev.  A.  Hiller,  of  German  Valley,  N.  J., 
one  of  the  sons-in-law,  read  the  following  poem,  written 
by  Mrs.  Hiller  for  the  occasion: 

POEM. 

Father,  mother,  now  their  greeting 

Lovingly  your  children  bring; 
Grateful  for  this  happy  meeting, 

First  a  song  of  praise  we'll  sing  — 


(JOLJ)EN     \VEDJ)1NG.  101 

Praise  to  him,  whose  name  you  taught  us 

With  the  first  lisped  infant  word; 
Praise  to  Him,  whose  blood  has  bought  us 

Now  from  every  voice  be  heard. 
Joyous  praises  gladly  singing 

To  His  great  and  glorious  name ; 
Till  the  homestead  roof-tree  ringing 

Echo  back  our  glad  refrain. 

Backward  turn  our  hearts  this  evening 

To  a  bridal  long  ago, 
Centle  was  the  bride  and  loving. 

And  the  bridegroom  fond  and  true. 
Little  that  the  world  calls  treasure 

Had  the  newly  married  pair. 
Golden  store  to  purchase  pleasure, 

Costly  gifts  or  jewels  rare.  i 

But  the  Saviour  gave  His  blessing, 

Sweetly  smiling  as  He  gave. 
And  each  other's  love  possessing  — 

Better  wealth  what  heart  need  crave  ? 
In  each  other's  love  confiding 

Forth  they  went  to  earnest  life, 
Jesus  still  their  footsteps  guiding. 

Still  protecting  in  the  strife. 

Soon  a  little  band  is  clinging 

To  the  parents,  weary  now, 
Sometimes  sighing,  sometimes  singing, 

On  and  upward  see  them  go. 
Still  that  little  band  increasing. 

Till  the  parents  bend  with  care. 
Care  by  day  and  night  increasing, 

None  but  Christ  can  help  them  bear; 
None  but  He  can  know  the  anguish 

Oft-times  falling  to  thei-r  lot ; 


102  GOLDEN     WEDDING. 

Noue  but  He,  if  nature  languish, 

Bid  the  weary  ones  "  faint  not." 
Little  knew  we  then,  dear  mother, 

Romping  in  our  childish  glee. 
Gray  and  happy  with  each  other, 

All  the  care  we  caused  for  thee. 
But  for  us  there  came  a  morrow, 

When  we  felt  them  all  again. 
All  the  weariness  and  sorrow. 

All  the  toil,  and  care,  and  pain. 
And  to  us  thou'rt  growing  dearer 

As  each  added  care  reveals. 
With  a  vision  deeper  —  clearer, 

What  a  loving  mother  feels 

How  fond  memory  loves  to  linger 

O'er  the  days  of  dear  lang  syne. 
Ere  time's  cruel,  ruthless  finger 

Sprinkled  worm-wood  in  life's  wine. 
Yet  begone  each  thought  of  sadness ; 

Has  not  mercy  ever  stood 
Mingling  drops  of  joy  and  gladness 

Till  e'en  bitter  draughts  were  good  ? 

Fifty  years,  dear  mother, —  ftither, 

You  have  journeyed  hand  in  hand; 
Well  may  we  with  greetings  gather 

Here  to-night  a  happy  band. 
Sons  and  daughters  come  to  oflFer 

Grateful  love  for  all  your  care. 
While  our  children  wait  to  proffer 

Each  with  eager  haste  a  share. 
Would  that  all  were  here  to  greet  you 

On  this  anniversary  day ; 
Some  in  heaven  now  wait  to  greet  you, 

Others  still  are  far  away. 


GOLDKN     WEDDING.  103 

Dark  tlie  veil  that  liidcs  our  vision 

From  that  radiant  heavenly  shore, 
Where  the  loved,  through  fields  Klysian 

Wander  blest  for  evermore. 
"  But  who'll  tell  us  they'i'e  forbidden 

E'er  to  leave  that  blissful  sphere  ? 
And  although  their  forms  are  hidden, 

Who  shall  say  they  are  not  here  ? 
Then  those  others  o'er  the  prairie 

Or  the  dark  and  briny  foam  — 
Need  we  wand  of  sprite  or  fairy 

To  divine  their  thoughts  of  home  ? 
Not  one  missing  —  none  have  proven 

False  to  all  they  learned  of  you ; 
Absent  some,  but  not  unloving. 

All  united,  fond  and  true. 
Oh  !  may  He  who  grants  this  meeting 

Grant  us  still  a  happier  one. 
When  our  earthly  joys  so  fleeting 

With  earth's  cares  and  toils  are  done. 

Rev.  A.  Uebelacker,  of  Rochester,  oflered  the  good 
wishes  of  all  the  sons-in-law,  of  which  there  are  eight, 
five  of  whom  are  clergymen,  and  thanked  the  parents 
for  the  good  and  pions  wives  which  they  had  raised 
and  given  to  them.  Neither  could  the  grandchildren 
remain  silent  on  so  interesting  an  occasion,  at  which 
they  were  so  respectably  represented.  They  had 
chosen  the  Rev.  John  D.  English,  another  son-in-law, 
as  their  spokesman ;  and  he  in  eloquent  and  beautiful 
strains,  gave  expression  to  the  aftections  of  those  young 
hearts  towards  the  grandparents,  who  have  always 
taken  so  deep  an  interest  in  their  welfare,  and  to 
whom  they  cling  with  all  the  love  of  children's  hearts. 

The   sons   and   daughters   of  the   bridegroom   and 


104  GOLDEN     WEDDING. 

bride  then  sang  tlie  old  and  well-known  song,  "  We 
have  lived  and  loved  together,"  and  Mr.  Buermeyer, 
of  I^ew  York,  read  the  following  poem,  composed  for 
the  occasion  by  the  wife  of  the  liev.  Prof.  Scholl : 


To  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Miller  on  their  Golden 
Wedding-day. 

O  happy  hour  that  brings  us  here  ! 
With  hearts  of  love  and  words  of  cheer 
We  come  to  greet  you,  and  to  pray 
For  blessings  on  this  wedding-day. 

While  smiling  youth  wove  fairy  flowers 
In  chaplets  for  her  summer  bowers, 
Ye  started  forth  on  life's  highway, 
And  this  became  your  wedding-day. 

When  crimson  clouds  from  depths  of  blue 
Shed  o'er  your  path  a  rosy  hue, 
Ye  lightly  pressed  the  dewy  sod. 
And  hymns  of  praise  arose  to  God. 

When  sorrow  came  like  angry  waves 
And  loved  ones  slept  in  early  graves. 
To  doubts  and  fears  ye  said,  "  Be  still," 
And  childlike  owned  a  Father's  will. 

Thus  hand  in  hand  through  light  and  shade 
You've  smiled  and  wept,  and  watched  and  prayed, 
And  God  himself  led  all  the  way, 
A  fire  by  night  —  a  cloud  by  day. 

And  now  the  shades  of  night  draw  nigh, 
The  evening  star  is  in  the  sky; 


GOI.DKN     WEDDING.  105 

And  angels  list  with  folded  wings 
While  nature  her  soft  vespers  sings. 

0  vigil  sweet  at  close  of  day, 
To  mark  the  sunlight  fade  away, 
And  welcome  to  our  weary  breast 
Serene  repose  and  balmy  rest. 

0  loved  and  honored  —  ye  have  passed 
The  noonday  watch ;  and  eve  doth  east 
Her  starlit  robe  about  you  now, 
Her  perfumed  breath  is  on  your  brow. 

And  here  assembled  at  your  call 
Are  children,  scholars,  loved  ones  all. 
To  celebrate  these  golden  hours. 
And  tributes  bring  of  gifts  and  flowers. 

Dear  festive  scenes  of  earthly  love, 
Ye  symbolize  that  feast  above, 
The  marriage-supper  richly  spread, 
With  Christ  the  bridegroom,  at  the  head. 

There  may  we  at  that  banquet  meet, 
And  cast  our  crowns  at  Jesus'  ftet, 
Our  voices  swell  the  joyful  strain, 
"  Song  of  the  Lamb  that  once  was  slain." 

0  memory,  on  thine  inner  shrine 
A  wreath  of  immortelles  we  twine, 
And  thus  shall  live  in  bright  array 
This  happy  golden  wedding-day. 

But  not  words  alone  were  allowed  to  express  the 

gratitude  and  affection  of  filial  hearts  and  the  love  of 

friends :    more  substantial  tokens  were  now  presented 

to  the  bridal   pair,  partly  in   cash,   and  partly  in  all 

14 


106  GOLDEN     WEDDING. 

kinds  of  useful  and  ornamental  gifts,  the  whole 
amounting  to  not  much  less  than  one  thousand  dollars; 
a  proof,  not  indeed  needed,  but  no  doubt  welcome  and 
appreciated,  of  the  esteem  in  which  they  are  held,  and 
the  gratitude  which  they  so  richly  deserve. 

After  some  concluding  remarks  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Pohlman,  and  the  benediction  pronounced  by  the  Rev. 
C.  K.  McHarg,  the  ceremonies  were  ended,  and  the 
throng  of  friends  and  visitors  betook  themselves  to  the 
spacious  dining  hall,  where  a  rich  and  beautifully 
decorated  table  was  spread,  and  luscious  refreshments 
were  partaken  of  and  enjoyed  by  all.  Till  late  in  the 
night  good  humor  and  mirth  prevailed,  happiness 
reigned  undisputed,  and  a  midnight  serenade  by  some 
of  the  students  concluded  the  festivities. 

But  the  most  solemn  and  impressive  portion  of  the 
exercises  took  place  on  the  following  Sabbath  day. 
Bright  and  smiling  that  day  dawned,  gilding  with  the 
first  rays  of  the  rising  sun,  hills  and  valleys,  as  if  to 
bring  also  its  golden  gifts  to  the  golden  wedding. 
And  at  the  appointed  time  the  congregation  assembled 
in  the  house  of  worship,  and  from  the  homestead 
issued  the  three  generations  of  the  family,  together 
with  the  relatives  who  were  present.  The  Rev.  Dr. 
Pohlman  again  occupied  the  pulpit,  and,  in  his  usual 
forcible  manner,  preached  an  excellent  sermon.  Then 
one  of  the  infant  grandchildren  was,  by  its  parents, 
presented  at  the  altar,  and  by  the  sacrament  of 
baptism,  administered  by  the  venerable  grandfather, 
received  into  the  Christian  church.  After  that  the 
whole  tiamily,  twenty-three  in  all,  surrounded  the  altar, 
and,  at  the  hands  of  the  beloved  and  revered  parent, 
standing  like  a  patriarch  among  three  generations, 
partook  —  for   the    last   time    no    doul)t    together    on 


GULDEN     WEDDING.  1()7 

earth  —  of  the  holy  sacrament;  mid  never,  never  can 
this  solemn  occasion  be  forgotten  by  any  present;  bnt 
its  hallowing  and  sanctifying  influences  will  yet  be  felt 
when  time  shall  be  no  more. 

O  what  a  happy,  joyful  time  this  golden  wedding 
was !  How  children  and  children's  children  lingered 
around  the  old  home,  loath  to  part  from  the  dear  place, 
and  its  reminiscences  and  surroundings!  May  God 
raise  up  many  more  such  parents,  and  may  he  grant 
this  venerable  and  much  loved  pair  his  choicest 
blessings,  long  life,  and  health,  and  happiness  for 
evermore. 


DOCUMENTS   RELATING   TO   THE   HISTORY 
OF   HARTWICK  SEMESTARY. 

[The  following  document  is  an  exact  copy  of  the  first 
deed  given  by  the  Indians  to  the  Rev.  John  Christopher 
Hartwick,  referred  to  on  the  14th  page  of  the  His- 
torical Address  :] 

Indian  Deed. 

Know  all  men  by  these  Presents,  that  we,  Henry 
Pieterson,  Abram  Pieterson,  Johannis  &  Nicholas, 
native  Indians  of  America,  and  Sachims  of  the  Nation 
of  the  Moliawks,  Belonging  to  the  upper  Castle  of 
Canajoharrie,  For  and  in  Consideration  of  the  Sum  of 
one  hundred  pounds,  Currant  money  of  the  province 
of  New  York,  to  us  in  hand  paid,  by  the  Reverend 
John  Christopher  Hartwick  of  Rhynbeck  att  and  before 
the  Delivery  hereof  wherewith  we  confess  ourselves 
to  be  fully  satisfyed,  contented  and  paid ;  Have  bar- 
gained and  Sold,  and  by  these  presents,  Doe  fully 
clearly  and  absolutely  bargain  and  Sell,  unto  the  said 
Reve*^  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  for  &  in  the  name 
of  our  most  gracious  Sovereign  Lord  George,  the 
Second,  by  the  grace  of  God,  of  Great  Britain,  France 
and  Ireland  King ;  Defender  of  the  faith :  a  certain 
tract  of  vacant  land,  Scituate,  lying  &  being,  on  the 
South  Side  of  the  Mohawks  River,  Between  Schoharrie 
and  Cherry  Valley,  along  a  certain  Small  Creek : 
Containing   nine   miles   in    length,    &    four   miles    in 


DOCUMENTAKY     HISTORY.  109 

breadth  :  To  have  and  to  l)o]<l,  the  said  bargained 
premises,  to  him  the  said  Rev'  John  Christopher 
Ilartwick  his  heirs,  Ex"  Adm""^  &  assigns,  to  his  &  their 
own  proper  uses  &  behoofs  forever.  And  we  the  said 
Henry  Tieterson,  Abraham  pieterson,  Johannis  & 
Nicholas,  our  Successors,  Ex''^  Adm'"'  &  assigns,  and 
every  of  us ;  The  said  bargained  premises,  to  the 
said  Rev''  John  Christopher  Ilartwick  his  Ex''  and 
adm"  against  all  People,  Shall  and  will  Warrant, 
acquit,  and  forever  Defend,  by  these  presents.  In 
Testimony  whereof  we  have  hereunto  Set  our  hands 
&  usual  marks  this  twenty  third  Day  of  may  In  the 
26  year  of  his  Majestys  Reign  and  in  the  Year  of  our 
Lord  God  One  Thousand,  Seven  hundred  and  Fifty. 

his 

Henry  x  Peterson. 

mark 

bis 

Abraham  Pieter  x  son,  for  the  Bear 

marlc 

Johannis        for  the  turtle 
ISTiCHOLAS         for  the  Wolf 
Sealed  aud  Delivered 
In  tlie  presence  of 

Pieter  D.  Schuyler 
John  Pickerd 
Canajohare  1753  may  23 

then  received  of  M""  Hartwig  the  Sum  of  one  hun- 
dred pounds  Current  money  for  the  within  manished 
land  ill  full. 

his 

Abram  N  Pieters 

marck 

Johannes  his  I  marck 
Rut  his  M  marck 
in  Presens  Pieter  D^.  Schuyler 
of  us  his 

Waillem  X  gaff 

marck 


110  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

[The  Rev.  Mr.  Hartwick,  having  derived  no  advan- 
tage from  this  deed  in  consequence  of  his  non-compli- 
ance with  the  statute  which  required  permission  from 
the  governor  to  purchase  from  the  Indians,  obtained 
the  following] 

License  to  Purchase  Land. 

By  His  Excellency  The  Honourable  George  Clinton 
Captain  General  and  Governour  in  Chief  of 

[seal]  the  Province  of  l^ew  York  and  Territories 
thereon  depending  in  America  Vice  Admiral 
of  the  same  and  Admiral  of  the  White  Squad- 
ron of  his  Majesty's  Fleet. 

To  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come  or  may  con- 
cern Greeting. 

Whereas  the  Reverend  John  Christopher  Hartwick, 
by  his  humble  Petition  presented  unto  me  and  Read 
in  Council  this  day,  hath  prayed  my  Lycence  to  pur- 
chase in  his  Majesty's  name  of  the  native  Indian 
proprietors  thereof,  the  quantity  of  Twenty-four  thou- 
sand acres  of  a  certain  Tract  of  Vacant  Land,  situate 
lying  and  being  in  the  County  of  Albany,  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Mohawks  River  to  llie  Westward 
of  Schohary  about  twelve  Miles,  in  order  to  enable 
him  and  his  Associates  to  obtain  his  Majesty's  Letters 
Patent  for  a  proportionable  Quantity  thereof.  I  have 
therefore  thought  tit,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  his 
Majesty's  Council  to  give  and  Grant,  And  do  hereby 
•  Give  and  Grant  unto  the  said  John  Christopher  Hart- 
wick, in  behalf  of  himself  and  his  Associates,  full 
power  leave  and  Lycence  to  purchase  in  his  Majesty's 
Name  of  the  Native  Indian  Proprietors  thereof,  the 
Quantity  of  Twenty  four  thousand  Acres  of  the  Tract 


DOCUMENTARY     lllSTOKY.  Ill 

of  Lanfl  above  mentioned.  Provided  the  said  Piir- 
cliase  be  made  in  one  year  next  after  the  date  hereof, 
and  Conformable  to  tlie  Ilegulations  Orders  and  Direc- 
tions specified  and  contained  in  a  Report  of  a  Com- 
mittee of  his  Majesty's  Comicil  of  the  second  day 
of  December  1736  on  the  Memorial  of  Cadwallader 
Golden  Esq"",  representing  several  inconveniences  aris- 
ing by  the  usual  method  of  Purchasing  Lands  from 
the  Indians.  And  for  so  doing  this  shall  be  to  him 
a  sufiicient  Lycence. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  At  Arms  At 
Fort  George  in  the  City  of  ISTew  York  the  six- 
teenth day  of  ISTovembor  One  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  fifty  two. 


By  his  Excellency's  Command 

Gw.  Banyar,  D.  Secry. 


112  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 


Petition  of  John  Christ'^  Hartwick,  for  the  fur- 
ther Lycence  to  purchase  24,000  acres  of  Land 
of  the  Indians,  lying  in  the  County  of  Albany.^ 

[Land  Papers^  xv.  95,  Secretary's  office.] 

To  the  Honourable  James  De  Lancey,  Esff  his 
Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  m 
chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of  New  York,  and  the 
territories  depending  thereon  in  America. 

In  Council. 

The  humble  petition  of  John  Christopher  llartwick, 
in  behalf  of  himself  and  others, 
Shcweth : 

That  your  petitioner  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  No- 
vember, one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty-two, 
obtained  a  lycence  from  the  late  Governor  Clinton  to 
purchase  in  his  Majesty's  name  of  the  Native  Indian 
proprietors  thereof,  the  quantity  of  twenty-four  thou- 
sand acres  of  a  certain  tract  of  vacant  land  situate 
lying  and  being  in  the  County  of  Albany  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Mohauk's  River  to  the  westward  of 
Schohary  about  twelve  miles  as  by  the  said  Lycense 
Recorded  in  the  Secretary's  office  may  appear.  That 
your  petitioner  agreed  some  time  since  with  the  In- 
dian Proprietors  for  the  purchase  of  the  said  lands, 
but  could  not  get  it  surveyed  and  the  boundaries 
marked  when  the  Surveyor  General  arrived  in  the 
Mohauk's  country  about  the  month  of  November  last, 
as  the  Indians  would  not  on  his  first  arrival  survey 


1  March  1,  1754.  Read  iu  council  and  referred  to  a  committee. 
March  loth.  Reported  by  the  committee,  and  hcense  issued  accord- 
ingly ;  dated  the  14tli  of  March,  1754 


DOCU.MENTAKY     IIISTOKV.  113 

• 

any  lautl  they  afterwards  consented  and  desired  he 
sliould  survey  these  and  other  lands,  but  it  was 
thought  too  hite  in  the  season,  and  therefore  deferred 
till  the  ensuing  spring. 

And  your  Petitioner's  Lycence  being  now  cxpirrcd  : 
Your  petitioner  therefore  humbly  prays  your 
Honour  will  be  favourably  pleased  to  grant  him  a 
further  Lycense  to  purchase  the  said  lands,  in 
order  to  enable  him  and  his  associates  to  obtain  his 
Majesty's  letters  patent  for  the  same  under  the  Quit 
rent  and  Uegulations  established  and  appointed  in 
the  Commissions  and  Instructions  to  the  said  late 
Governor  Clinton.  And  your  petitioner  as  in  duty 
bound  shall  pray,  &c. 

John  Christopher  Hartavick, 

By  G.  Banyar,  at  his  request. 
New  York,  1''  March,  1754. 


Affidavit  of  Sir    William    Johnson    concerning 

LANDS    purchased    BY    HaRTWICK. 

[Land  Papers,  xv.  90,  Sccretarj''s  office. 1 

City    of 


i^ew    York  ^'^^• 

William  Johnson  of  Mount  Johnson  in  the  County 
of  Albany  Escf  maketh  oath.  That  in  the  latter  part 
of  October  or  the  beginning  of  JSTovember  last,  John 
Christian  Hartwick  came  to  the  Deponent's  house  at 
Mount  Johnson,  with  Abraham  Ilendrick  Paulus 
Hendrick's  Son  and  several  other  principal  Indians 
of  the  Conojohary  Castle.  That  the  deponent  under- 
stood from  the  said  Ilartwick  and  the  Indians,  that 
15 


114  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

the  former  had  some  time  before,  bought  the  said 
Indiau's  Chiim  or  title  to  a  tract  of  land  for  which  he 
or  some  others  had  obtained  a  Lycense  to  purchase, 
and  paid  them  one  hundred  pounds  for  it,  and  in 
company  with  one  Fry  a  surveyor  and  some  young 
Indians  whom  the  Castle  had  sent  out  for  this  pur- 
pose, went  to  survey  it.  But  that  the  Indians  would 
not  suffer  the  lines  to  be  run  in  the  manner  the  said 
Ilartwick  insisted,  but  so  as  would  take  in  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  very  bad  land,  that  Ilartwick  had  no 
intention  of  patenting,  which  difference  prevented  y® 
Survey,  and  in  order  to  end  this  dispute  they  came  to 
the  Deponent's  House,  when  the  Indians  ackknow- 
ledged  they  had  sold  the  Said  Ilartwick  a  tract  of 
land,  and  received  one  hundred  pounds  for  it  of 
him,  and  consented  that  he  might  get  it  surveyed 
when  he  pleased,  and  either  take  it  up  in  a  piece  of 
Six  Miles  square,  or  the  like  quantity  in  the  manner 
he  thought  proper  in  the  bounds  they  had  agreed 
upon,  and  that  the  Deponent  remembers  the  said 
Ilartwick  shewed  him  the  deed  he  obtained  of  the 
Indians  for  the  said  lands.^ 

That  the  next  day,  or  before  they  left  the  deponent's 
house,  the  said  Ilartwick  desired  the  deponent  to 
assist  him  as  an  interpreter  in  the  purchasing  another 
tract  (lying  near  the  former  as  the  deponent  under- 
stood), agreable  to  another  Lycence  which  the  said 
Ilartwick  produced  to  and  shewed  the  Deponent. 
That  the  deponent  accordingly  acquainted  the  said 
Indians  with  Mr.  Hartwicks  intentions,  and  after  some 


1  The  original  of  the  Indian  deed  here  mentioned,  and  which  is 
given  elsewliere  in  this  vohime,  is  preserved  in  the  Land  Papers,  vol. 
XV,  page  106,  in  the  secretary's  office  in  Albany. 


DOCUMENTARY     IIISTOIIY.  115 

conversation  tlioy  agreed  to  sell  the  lands  but  insisted 
at  first  on  having  four  hundred  dollars  for  their  right, 
though  at  last  consented  to  give  it  for  three  hundred 
and  fifty  dollars,  which  Ilartwick  agreed  to,  and  gave 
them  his  note  for  the  payment  thereof  the  first  day  of 
May  next  ensuing,  or  when  the  land  should  be  sur- 
veyed, and  thereupon  the  Indians  sealed  and  executed 
a  deed  for  the  lands  in  presence  of  the  Deponent,  and 
the  said  Hartwick  gave  a  small  sum  of  money  to  them 
in  part  of  payment  or  as  a  present  and  the  Indians 
seemed  well  satisfied  therewith.  That  the  deponent 
knows  not  certainly  where  the  tract  of  land  so  pur- 
chased by  the  said  Ilartwick  lye,  but  understood  they 
were  situated  between  Cherry  Valley  and  Schohary  or 
some  thing  more  southerly,  and  that  the  deponent  saw 
two  Lycences  the  said  Ilartwick  produced,  one  of 
which  was  in  the  said  Hartwick' s  own  uatne,  and  the 
other  the  Deponent  verily  believes  was  in  the  names 
of  Frederick  Miller,  Adam  Schefier,  George  Cants, 
Adam  Tippel  and  Luke  Van  Ranst,  empowering  the 
said  persons  to  purchase  lands  of  the  Indian  Pro- 
prietors. 

Wm.  Johnson. 
Sworn  the  5th  day  of 
March,  1754,  before  me 

J""-    Cn AMBERS. 


} 


116  DOCUMENTAKV     HISTORY. 


Report  of  a  Committee  on  the  Petition  of  John 
Christopher  Hartavick,  and  on  the  Petition  op 
Frederick  Miller,  Adam,  Scheffer,  and  others, 
TO  renew  their  licences  to  purchase  lands  of  the 
Indians.^ 

[Land  Papers,  xv,  97,  Secretary's  oflice.] 

May  it  please  your  Honour, 

lu  obedience  to  your  Honours'  order  in  council  on 
the  first  Instant  referring  to  a  committee  of  the 
Council,  the  Petition  of  John  Christopher  Hartwick, 
in  behalf  of  himself  and  others,  and  the  petition  of 
Frederick  Miller,  Adam  Schetfer,  George  Cants, 
Adam  Tippel  and  Luke  Van  Ranst,  severally  praying 
a  further  lycence  to  purchase  of  the  Native  Indian 
proprietors  thereof  the  quantity  of  twenty  four  thou- 
sand acres  of  two  tracts  of  land  therein  described  in 
order  to  enable  the  respective  petitioners  and  their 
associates  to  obtain  his  Majesty's  Letters  Patent  for 
the  same  under  the  Quit  rent  and  Regulations 
appointed  in  his  Majesty's  Commission  and  Instruc- 
tions to  the  late  Governor  George  Clinton. 

The  Conmiittee  have  duly  weighed  and  considered 
of  the  said  petitions  and  find  that  the  Petitioners  in 
both  cases  obtained  Lycences  to  purchase  the  said 
lands  respectively,  from  the  late  Governor  Clinton, 
dated  the  16'^  day  of  N'ovember,  1752,  which  were  to 
be  of  force  one  year,  and  that  before  the  said  Lycences 
were  expired  the  parties  had  made  Purchases  of  the 
lands,  from  the  Native  Indian  Proprietors,  and  in  one 
case  actually  paid   one  hundred  pounds,   and  in   the 


1  Endorsed,  "March  18th,  1754.      lleud  in  council  and  confirmed 
and  ordered  to  be  entered  "  and  signed  by  G.  Banyar,  D.  Sec'y. 


DOCUMENTAKV     lUSTOUY.  117 

otlicr  agreed  for  uiid  secured  the  payment  of  three 
luindred  and  iifty  dollars  for  the  said  purchases  with 
which  the  Indians  were  well  satisfied,  and  signed  and 
sealed  Deeds  Releasing  their  Title  to  the  lands  in 
Question.  By  which  the  committee  are  of  opinion 
the  lands  became  vested  in  the  Crown,  and  as  it 
appears  the  parties  interested  could  not  during  the 
time  the  lycenccs  granted  to  them  were  in  force,  get 
the  lands  surveyed  by  the  Surveyor  General  so  as  to 
make  the  purchases  conformable  in  every  respect  to 
the  report  of  the  Committee  of  Council  of  the  second 
day  of  December  1736.  The  committee  conceive 
tlie  parties  under  these  circumstances  are  entituled  to 
a  grant  of  the  lands  on  the  terms  appointed  in  his 
Majesty's  Instructions  to  the  late  Governor  Clinton  as 
falling  within  the  Reasons  of  the  Case  of  Mathew 
Ferval  and  his  Associates  referred  to  this  committee 
on  the  same  day  and  therefore  are  humbly  of  opinion 
your  honour  may  grant  further  lycences  to  the  Peti- 
tioners respectively  that  they  may  be  enabled  thereby 
to  take  the  necessary  steps  for  obtaining  his  Majesty's 
Letters  Patent  for  the  said  Lands  on  the  terms  above 
mentioned. 

All  of  which  is  nevertheless  liun^bly  submitted. 
By  order  of  tlie  Committee, 

Jn°  Chambers,  Chairman. 

I^ew  York,  5'^  March,  1754. 

[Mr.  Ilartwick  next  obtained  a  valid  deed  from  the 
Indians  which  will  be  found  below.  These  docu- 
ments have  been  faithfully  copied  from  the  originals, 
as  they  came  from  the  pens  of  their  respective  writers, 
because  an  attempt  to  improve  them  would  involve 
their  entire  reconstruction.     It  is  now  the  practice  of 


118  DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY. 

the  best  authorities  in  publishing  such  documents,  to 
give  their  authors  the  benefit  of  their  own  style  and 
orthography.] 

[Indian  Deeds,  ii,  51,  Secretary's  office.] 

Second  Indian  Deed. 

To  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  Come  or  may  in 
any  wise  concern,  We  Abraham  Petersen,  Wilhelm 
Darghiores,  Ilenrick  Sarighoana,  Native  Indians  and 
sole  and  absolute  Proprietors  of  Canjohare  in  the 
County  of  Albany  and  Province  of  New  York,  send 
Greeting  Know  ye  that  for  and  in  consideration 

of  the  sum  of  one  hundred  pound  to  us  in  Hand  paid 
and  delivered  before  the  Executing  of  these  Presents 
by  the  Hands  of  John  Christopher  Hartwick  for  and  in 
the  name  of  our  Most  Gracious  Sovereign  King- 
George  the  second  the  Receipt  whereof  we  do  hereby 
acknowledge  and  ourselves  to  be  therewith  fully  satis- 
fied Contented  and  paid,  have  Granted  Bargained 
sold  and  released,  and  do  by  these  Presents  for  us  and 
our  Heirs  forever,  Grant  Bargain  and  Sell,  alien  Re- 
lease enfeofl:*  and  confirm,  and  forever  quit  Claim  unto 
our  Most  gracious  Sovereign  King  George  the  second, 
All  that  Tract  of  Land  situate  lying  and  being  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Mohawks  River,  bounded  in  the  man- 
ner following  Viz':  Beginning  on  the  West  side  of 
Susquehannah  River  at  the  Northerly  bounds  of  a  Pa- 
tent granted  to  Arent  Bratt,  Volckerd  Van  Veghten 
and  others  and  running  from  thence  up  the  said  River 
Six  Miles  to  a  Young  Lime  Tree  standing  near  said 
River  Marked  with  -t-W1754  extending  in  Breadth 
from  the  said  River  into  the  Woods  Six  miles,  together 
with  all  and  every  the  Mines  Mineralls  and  Oares  of 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  119 

what  kind  soever  standing  growing  being  or  to  be 
found  in  or  upon  any  part  or  parcell  thereof,  and  all 
other  the  Hereditaments  and  appurtenances  to  the  said 
Tract  belonging  or  in  any  wise  appertaining  and  the 
lleversion  and  Reversions  Remainder  and  Remainders 
Rents  Issues  and  Proffits  thereof  and  of  every  part 
and  parcell  thereof  and  all  the  Estate  Right  Title  Inte- 
rest, property  Possession  Claim  and  Demand  whatso- 
ever of  us  and  each  and  every  of  us  either  in  law  or 
Equity  of  in  or  to  the  aforesaid  Tract  or  parcell  of 
Land  or  any  part  or  Parcell  thereof  To  have  and  to 
hold  the  said  Tract  of  Land  and  all  and  singular  other 
the  Premisses  aforesaid  With  their  and  every  of  their 
Hereditaments  and  appurtenances  in  and  by  these 
Presents  mentioned  or  intended  to  be  granted  and 
Released  as  aforesaid  unto  our  most  Gracious  Sove- 
reign King  George  the  second  his  Heirs  and  Successors 
to  and  for  his  and  their  sole  and  only  proper  use  benefit 
and  Behoof  for  ever  In  Witness  whereof  We  have  here- 
unto set  our  Hands  and  seals  this  Twenty-ninth  day  of 
May  in  the  Twenty-seventh  year  of  his  said  Majesty's 
Reign  annoque  Domini  one  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  fifty-four. 

Abraham  Pietersen  A  S     /^'^^^^J^  (L-  S.) 
Henry  +  Sarighoana     A^    -^^^f^  (L  S) 


mark 


his 


WiLHELM   DaRGHURER^^      ^pJ       (L.  S.) 


^iS- 


his 

Hendrick  I P  Petersen  (L.  S.) 

mark 


120  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

his 

Nicholas  JST  Caragiiiaiitatti  (L.  S.) 

mark 
his 

Brand+Roghisdicka  (L.  S.) 

mark 

his 

Abraham  +  Roseondan  (L.  S.) 

mark 
her 

Ruth  4-  Daraghionka  (L.  S.) 

mark 

Paulus  Petersen  (L.  S.) 
Sealed  and  Delivered  in  the  Presence  of 

her 

Whanner  4-  Ragser, 
William  +  Conningham. 

his  marli 

We  the  Subscribers  in  Behalf  of  the  whole  Castle  of 
Canjoharee  do  acknowledge  to  have  received  of  John 
Christopher  Ilartwick  the  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds 
York  Currency  being  the  full  Consideration  agreed  for 
the  within  mentioned  Tract  of  Land.  Witness  our 
Hands  and  seals  this  29*  day  of  May,  1754. 

his 


yicKus^;>^;^  ,^(L.  S.) 


77* 


mark 


Paulus 


JX^(i^-  s.) 


1  do  certifie  that  the  Indian  Proprietors  of  the  within 
mentioned  Tract  of  Land  have  acknowledged  in  my 
Presence  the  sale  of  said  Land  to  Mr.  John  Chris- 


DOCUMENTARY     IHSTOKV.  121 

toplier  Hartwick,  also  the  Receipt  of  tlie  Considera- 
tion Money,  likewise  sealed  and  Delivered  the  Within 
Deed  in  My  presence  &  seemed  very  well  Contented 
therewith,  Given  under  my  Hand  this  29th  day  of 
May,  1754. 


I  do  herehy  certify  that  the  Tract  of  Land  men- 
tioned in  the  within  written  deed  was  surveyed  in  the 
Presence  of  the  ahove  mentioned  Nickus,  Paulus,  and 
David  by  M'^  Peter  Van  Drisen  before  the  Executing 
said  Deed.  Given  under  my  Hand  this  30"'  of  May 
1754. 

Cad''^    Colden  Jun"   Dept*^    Sup* 


Petition  of  John   Ciiiiistopiier  Hartwick,  and 
Others,  for  a  Patent. 

[Land  Papers,  sv,  137,  Secretary's  office,  where  the  original  occurs.] 

To  the  Hon''^''  James  De  Laiicy,  Esq.,  his  Majesty's 
Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief  in  and 
over  the  province  of  ]S"ew  York  and  the  territories 
depending  thereon  in  America. 

In  Council. 

The  Petition  of  John  Christopher  Plartwick,  Theo- 
dorus  Frielinghausen,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrik  Kep- 
pell,  George  Hittner,  Frederick  Mayer,  Thomas 
Tuermer,  Carl  Ewald,  Hendrick  Schleydorn,  Johan 
Mauris  Goetschius,  David  Seckel. 
16 


122  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Humbly  Shewetli : 

That  your  petitioners  pursuant  to  a  Lycence  granted 
to  John  Christopher  Ilartwick  in  behalf  of  himself  and 
others,  bearing  date  the  thirteenth  day  of  March,  1754, 
have  purchased  in  his  Majesty's  name,  of  the  Native 
Indian  proprietors  thereof,  a  certain  tract  of  vacant 
Land  situate  lying  and  being  in  the  county  of  Albany, 
on  the  south  side  of  the  Mohauks  River.  Beginning 
on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna  River,  at  the  north- 
erly bounds  of  a  patent  there  granted  to  Volkert 
Outhoudt,  John  De  Witt  and  others,  and  running 
from  thence  up  the  said  River  six  miles  to  a  young 
lime  tree  standing  near  the  said  river  marked  with 
the  letters  HVV.,  1754,  extending  in  breadth  from  the 
said  river  into  the  woods  six  miles,  as  by  the  Indian 
Deed  for  the  said  Lands  bearing  date  the  29"^  day  of 
May,  1754,  herewith  produced  maj^  appear,  contain- 
ing about  twenty-four  thousand  acres,  and  your  peti- 
tioners having  obtained  from  the  late  Governor  Clinton 
a  Lycence  to  purchase  the  said  Lands  bearing  date  the 
6th  day  of  November,  1752,  which  w^as  afterwards 
renewed  by  your  Honour's  Lycence  as  before  men- 
tioned : 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  humbly  pray  your 
Honour  will  be  favorably  pleased  to  grant  to  them 
their  heirs  and  assigns,  his  Majesty's  letters  Patent, 
for  the  said  tract  of  land  so  purchased  by  them  as 
aforesaid,  under  the  quit  Rent  provisoes  limitations 
and  restrictions  directed  in  his  Majesty's  commission 
and  Instructions  to  the  said  late  Governor  Clinton. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound  will  ever 
pray,  &c. 

John  Christopher  Hartwick, 
In  behalf  of  myself  and  the  other  Petitioners. 
New  York,  5*'^  April,  1755. 


DOCUMENTARY     IIISTOIIV,  123 


Ueturn  of  a  Survey  for  Jn"  Christopher  Hart- 
wick  AND  Others,  for  21,500  acres  of  Lani>  situ- 
ated   ON    the    south    side    of    the    MoHAUKS    IvIYER, 

and  west  side  of  the  Susquehanna  River. 

[Land  Papers,  xv,  141,  Secretary's  office] 

rursiiuut  10  a  warrant  froni  the  Hon'''"  James  De 
Lancey,  Esq.,  his  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and 
Commander  in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of 
New  York,  and  the  territories  depending  thereon  in 
America,  hearing  date  the  fourteenth  day  of  May, 
Past: 

Survey'd  for  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  Theodo- 
rus  Frielinghausen,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell, 
George  Kittner,  Frederick  Mayer,  Thomas  Tuemer, 
Carl  Ewald,  Hendrick  Schleydorn,  Johan  Mauris 
Goesthius,  and  David  Seckel,  all  that  certain  tract  of 
land  situate  lying  and  being  in  the  county  of  Albany, 
on  the  south  side  of  the  Mohauks  Kiver,  and  west 
side  of  Susquehanna  River;  Beginning  in  the  north- 
westerly bounds  of  a  certain  tract  of  laud  granted  by 
letters  pa-tent  to  Volkert  Oothout,  John  De  Witt, 
James  Gardiner,  Charles  Williams,  Richard  Nicholls, 
William  Jamison  and  Johan  Coenradt  Petrie,  where 
the  river  issuing  out  of  the  Lake  called  Otsego,  crosses 
the  aforesaid  north  westerly  bounds  of  the  aforesaid 
tract  of  laud  granted  to  Volkert  Oothout  and  others 
and  runs  thence,  west  four  hundred  and  eighty  chains. 
Thence  north  four  hundred  and  eighty  chains,  thence 
east  four  hundred  and  eighty  chains,  to  the  said  river 
issuing  out  of  the  said  Lake  Otsego.  Then  along  the 
west  side  of  the  said  river   as  it  runs  to    the  place 


124  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

where   the   tract   of    land    first    began.       Containing 

Twenty  one  thonsancl  five  hundred  acres  of  land  and 

the  usual  allowance  for  highway's. 

Given  under  our  hands  this  twenty  seventh  day  of 

July,  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty  five. 

Cadwallader  Golden  \  Survey' 
Alex*"  Golden,  J  Gen' 


IIahtwick's  Letteii  to  Sin  William  Johnson. 

Honourable  Sir, 

May  it  please  Your  Honour. 
Here  I  nud-ce  bold  to  communicate  to  Your  Honour 
a  Project  for  the  better  peopling  governing  and  de- 
fending of  the  Limits  of  ISTorth  America,  wich  I  leave 
to  Your  Hon'"  Wisdom  and  Discretion,  if  you  could 
aprove  of  it  Sir,  or  devise  any  better,  I  conceive  it 
would  be  more  taken  JSTotice  of,  if  proposed  to  his 
Majesty,  by  Way  of  an  Advice  of  the  Indians.  I  have 
thouo-ht  Sir,  that  it  would  be  more  for  the  good  of  the 
Plantations  in  the  present  Gircumstances,  if  the  Cost, 
wich  must  be  spent  to  the  Carrying  on  of  a  War,  were 
imployed  for  transporting  of  settlers,  and  providing 
for  them  for  one  year  at  least,  besides  parchasing 
of  Implements  and  Cattle  and  that  a  Circling  Line 
might  be  improved  and  at  convenient  Places  and 
Distances  Forts  and  Towns  erected  and  a  Borroagh 
Grave  or  Guard  a  limit  settled  at  Camp  Johnson, 
at  Gswego,  at  Lake  Erie  and  at  Ohio,  wich  Borroagh 
Graves  should  be  immediates  that  is  independents  of 
the  Respective  Governments  but  only  depending  on 
his  Majesty's  orders,  and  only  accountable  to  him. 
To  whom  a  District  sufficient  for  its  own  Defence 
should  be  wanted  and  assigned,  with  I^ower  sufficient 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  ll^5 

for  tlic  Defence  thereof,  wicli  at  set  Times  sliould 
be  siil)ject  to  a  Visitation  of  a  Commission  of  his 
Majesty,  wliose  power  must  be  more  extensive  in  tlie 
Beginning  in  order  to  make  Tryal  and  subject  to 
Limitations  from  liis  Majesty  as  occasion  should  offer. 
This  I  conceive  is  the  Method,  by  wich  the  German 
Emperors  have  preserved  their  Extensive  Territories 
against  tlie  Incursions  of  the  Barbarians,  in  former 
Times  You  know  Sir,  it  doth  not  signify,  to  chum 
and  even  conquer  hxrge  Territories,  if  you  can  not 
keep  them,  and  you  cannot  keep  them  except  you 
can  settle  them,  and  that  it  will  cost  less  to  settle  and 
improve  them  then  in  process  of  time  it  will  cost  the 
king  and  Country  to  erect  Forts  keep  them  in  Repair 
and  maintain  Garrisons  at  so  great  a  Distance  from 
the  Settlements.  It  will  indeed  cost  more  in  the  Begin- 
ning and  at  once,  but  these  Costs  wall  lessen  and 
determine  and  instead  thereof  the  Income  of  the 
Country  will  increase  and  the  Costs  and  Troubles  of 
"Ware  will  be  spared.  But  then  I  would  also  advise 
That  such  Borrough  Graves  or  Guard  a  limits  must  set- 
tle first  in  the  Fixt  Line  one  towards  the  other,  and  that 
in  defensible  Towns,  so  that  the  settling  must  begin 
at  their  respective  Residences  and  so  round  about  and 
extending  first  and  principally  as  much  as  possible 
from  the  Residence  of  one  Borrough  Grave  to  the  other 
and  to  secure  the  Communication  of  the  Burggraves 
with  one  another  Forts  must  be  erected  at  convenient 
Places  and  proper  Distances  between  them,  and  a 
Correspondence  by  Post  and  express  kept.  If  the 
Crown  would  resolve  upon  this  Method  it  would  be 
adviseable  to  listen  at  present  to  the  Proposals  of  the 
French  Carl  for  an  accommodation,  on  condition  that 
tlie  Forts  erected  on  the  kinars  Territories  be  imme- 


126  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

diately  demolished.  And  if  then  this  Method  was 
immediately  put  in  Execution,  we  would  gain  upon 
Canada  insensibly  so  that  they  would  be  obliged  to 
be  in  fear  of  us  in  place  that  we  must  now  be  in  fear 
of  them.  If  Your  Honour  approves  of  my  scheme 
and  promoteth  a  Subscription  of  the  Indians  to  the 
Inclosed  Petition  I  shall,  God  willing  undertake  a 
Voyage  to  England  and  pi'omote  the  scheme,  with 
all  my  might.  I  wish  that  I  might  be  so  happy  to 
speak  with  your  Honour  about  it,  or  to  obtain  an 
Answer  in  Writing.  But  Circumstances  bid  me  con- 
clude Recommending  Sir,  Your  Honourable  Person, 
House,  Office  and  Circumstances  to  the  Divine  Favour 
and  Protection,  and  my  self  to  the  Continuation  of 
yours  I  remain  with  all  possible  Kespect. 
Honourable  Sir 
Your  Honour 

most  obedient  Servant 

J.  C.  Hartwick. 
Staatsborough  y*^  18"'  Janu''^  1756. 

P.  S.  Since  according  to  his  Majestys  Instructions 
a  Fund  for  an  Indefinite  Salary  for  the  Governor  must 
be  provided  Quarit  wether  not  this  scheme  might  be 
improved  so  as  to  be  some  thing  subservient  to  it, 
in  such  Case  it  would  be  advizable  that  such  Burg- 
graviates  must  be  subject  to  the  Governors  and  a 
Deputy  Governor  resident  in  the  Chief  Burgtown. 
And  I  have  forgotten  in  the  Letter  to  observe  that 
the  Inhabitants,  who  must  be  obligd,  by  Turns  to 
guard  the  Forts  and  defend  the  Frontiers  must  be 
exempt  from  taxes  and  from  bearing  a  share  in  the 
Expenses  belonging  to  the  Government  of  the  Pro- 
vinces to  wich  they  are  the  Barrier.     I  hope  Sir  you 


DOCUMENTARY     IIISTOIIY.  V27 

will  improve  these  Raw  Hints,  vvicli  to  Day  expecting 
your  arrival  are  come  in  my  mind  and  that  will  pardon 
my  Freedom  and  immature  Patriotism  I  wish  you, 
Honourable  Sir,  an  Happy  N'ew  Year  and  if  possible 
Peace,  if  not,  Victory  and  Success. 

Rev.  Mr.  Hartwtck  to  the  Mohawks  of  CANAJonAiiE. 

Beloved  Brethren ! 

Grace  be  unto  you,  and  Peace  f-om  God  our 
Father  and  from  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

For  as  much  as  I  have  been  hindred  for  a  con- 
siderable Time,  both  by  Reason  of  Sickness  and 
your  absence  Jo  see  your  Face  or  to  write  to  you,  and 
as  I  apprehend,  you  might  be  concerned  or  troubled 
in  your  mind  about  it  as  I  am :  I  could  not  forbear 
imbracing  an  opportunity  of  Speaking  to  you  in  Let- 
ters, wich  I  expected  the  Honourable  General  John- 
son, would  give  me  if  I  or  a  Letter  could  hit  him  at 
his  Return  fi'om  N^ew  York.  Dear  Brethren,  I  at  the 
same  Time  will  condole  and  congratulate  you,  that 
on  the  victory  obtained  by  you ;  this  because  of  the 
spilling  of  so  much  noble  and  brave  Blood,  in  par- 
ticular that  of  our  Brother  Henry.  But  I  forbear, 
saying  more  about  it,  least  I  should  perliaps  make  the 
Wound,  wich  beginns  to  heal  soar  and  bleed  again. 
Let  it  be  to  your  comfort :  That  he  died  in  a  good 
Cause  as  a  faifhfuU  allie  and  a  brave  Captain,  and 
sleepeth  on  the  Bed  of  Honour,  where  his  Name  will 
be  a  good  Savour,  as  long  as  a  Free  Englishman  and 
faithful  Mohawk  remains  over  And  as  he  hath  been 
your  Brother  your  Father  and  your  Captain,  it  is 
your  Duty  to  be  a  Guard  to  the  Bed  whereon  he 
sleepeth.     That   no   perfidious   Frenchmen   may    dis- 


128  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

tiirbe  tlie  Kest  of  liis  Bones  and  Aslies  :  And  if  the 
Frencli  and  their  Slaves  will  not  rest  satisfied  with 
the  little  Revenge  you  have  taken  from  them,  and 
desist  from  their  Incroachments  and  cruel  Ravages, 
and  restore  what  they  have  unjustly  taken:  then 
stand  up  for  your  and  your  Bretherns  Right  and 
revenge  the  dear  Blood  so  unjustly  spilt !  I  would 
also  beseech  you,  Brethern  that  you  would  not  suffer, 
that  some,  who  are  unworthy  to  be  lookd  upon  by 
you  as  Brethren  or  even  Men,  because  they  are  more 
cruel  than  Savage  Beasts,  might  spoil  the  Good  name 
and  Fame  you  have  of  late  purchased  with  your  blood. 
That  your  Heart  might  not  be  as  a  stone  but  be 
moved  with  Compassion  and  on  hearing  of  the  more 
than  barbarous  Treatment  your  Brethren  the  English 
in  Pennsylvania  &  parts  adjacent  have  met  with. 

And  as  to  the  Cognawaghes  who  are  of  your  Blood, 
let  them  know  that  it  would  have  been  100  Times 
better  for  them,  to  have  accepted  your  Generous  oiFer 
of  Peace  and  Friendship  then  to  Reject  it  on  so 
frivolous  Excuses ;  as  ;  their  having  been  washd  with 
the  same  Water  as  the  French  Since  there  is  but  one 
Baptism,  and  you  are  washd  with  the  same  "Water  as 
they.  Since  even  the  Papists  do  not  even  rebaptize 
those  of  the  protistants  that  imbrace  their  supersti- 
tious Way  of  Worship. 

I  let  you  know  also  beloved,  that  if  you  are  good 
spiritual  Warriors  who  manfully  fight  under  the  Ban- 
ner of  3^our  Chief  Captain  Jesus,  against  your  Spi- 
ritual Enemies,  vidz'  wicked  Spirits  &  men  as  also  your 
own  bad  Inclinations  and  Habits  :  That  then  the  Great 
God,  who  is  calld  Immanuel,  that  is  to  say :  God 
with  us  will  be  with  you  &  fight  your  Battles. 

Lastly  my  Brethren,  Let  my  tears  be  wipd  of,  for 


DOCUMKNTAU  V     IllSTOllV.  129 

tlie  Death  of  nij  Brother  Ilcnrj,  by  a  letter  to  Great 
Kiug  George,  wich  I  beseech  you  to  subscribe  in  my 
Behalf,  lest  I  might  loose  the  Fruit  of  so  many  years' 
toil,  trouble  and  charges.  And  I  assure  you,  as  soon 
as  the  Lord  shall  enable  me,  you  shall  not  find  me 
ungratefuU.  And  as  I  have  not  been  unmindful! 
hitherto,  but  rememl)ered  you  at  the  Throne  of  Grace, 
so  I  shall  in  Times  to  come. 

The  Lord  be  with   you  and   your   Love   with  me, 
who  am 

Beloved  Brethren 

3'our  Loving  Brother 

Servant  and  Intercessor  by  God 

Jonx  Christopher  Hartwick. 
Staatsborough 

y«  15*  of  January  1756. 
(Addressed)     To 

Abraham  Petersen,  Paidus  Petersen, 
Niclas  and  the  Best  of  the  Brethren  of 
the  Mohawks  of  the  Castle  at 

Canadshohare 

Petition  of  the  Indians  to  King  George  II. 

To  the  Great  Sachem  of  the  Brittish  ISTation  George 
the  Second  of  Great  Brittain,  France  and  Ireland 
King,  Defender  of  the  pure  Christian  Faith  ISTursing 
Father  of  the  seven  Indian  I^ations  of  America. 

The  humble  Address  of  the  Chiefs  and  others  of  the 
Mohawk  Indians  of  Canad  Schohary. 

May  it  please  Your  Majesty  ! 

Whereas   We   from   a   long   Experience,    are   con- 
vinced, not  only  of  Your  Majestys  Power  and  Inclina- 
17 


130  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

tioii,  to  defend  your  subjects  from  the  Insults  and 
Attacks  of  their  Ennemies,  but  also  of  your  Majesty's 
Faitlifullness  in  Performing  3'our  Covenants  with  your 
Majesty's  alliance  and  Protection  before  that  of  the 
French  King  against  all  attemts  of  the  latter  to  intice 
and  move  us  to  the  Contrary  and  therefore  both 
formerly  and  now  in  particular  lately,  being  moved 
thereunto,  by  our  Brother  General  Johnson  have 
renewed  the  Covenant  Chain  subsisting  between  Your 
Majesty  and  the  Six  i^ations,  and  increased  it,  with 
lincking  another  Nation  to  it,  by  wicli  means  Your 
Majestys  Interest  is  become  ours,  wicli  now,  after 
the  famous  and  glorious  Battel  and  Victory  fought 
and  obtained  against  and  over  the  French  Army 
at  Lake  George,  under  the  Wise  Conduct  of  our 
brave  Brother  General  Johnsen,  since  it  costs  us  a 
good  proportion  of  our  best  and  noblest  Blood,  our 
Captain  Henry  besides  more  being  killd  in  it,  to  wich 
Victory  on  this  occasion  we  take  the  opportunity 
humbly  and  heartily  to  congratulate  Your  Majesty,  is 
become  still  more  so.  Hence,  and  from  many  consi- 
derations more  it  is  morally  impossible  for  us.  That 
we  should  undertake,  do  or  advize  any  thing,  to  the 
Hurt  of  Your  Majesty's  or  our  brethren's  Your  Faith- 
ful Subjects  Interest. 

And  whereas  We,  who  live  between  Your  Majesty's 
and  the  French  Kings  Territories  naturally  must  know 
better,  what  is  conducive  to  the  Defension  of  the 
Fronteer  of  Your  Majestys  Dominions  in  America, 
than  those  living  remoter  can  know. 

Therefore  do  we  hope,  that  Your  Majesty  will 
graciously  indulge  us  humbly  to  advize  something 
concerning  the  Savety  of  the  exti-eme  Parts  of  Your 
Majesty's  Dominions. 


DOCUMENl  AI{  V     IIISTOKY.  181 

By  long  Experience  we  know,  that  the  Guarding 
the  Provinces  of  Your  Majesty  against  the  Incroach- 
nients  and  Insults  of  a  foreign  Enemy,  by  Means 
depending  on  an  Assembly  the  Members  whereof,  for 
the  greatest  Tart  live  remote  from  them,  is  a  very  pre- 
carious and  ineffectual  Method,  and  therefore  humbly 
take  upon  us,  to  propose  another,  vizt. 

That  Your  Majesty  might  be  pleased,  to  grant,  to 
such  Persons,  as  were  willing  and  able  to  settle  and 
cultivate  and  to  whom  we  should  be  inclined  to  sell, 
Tracts  of  Land  sutficient  to  erect  Towns  and  Forts 
thereon,  under  the  Restrictions  and  Conditions,  to 
settle  thereon  in  Towns,  and  not  in  so  scattered  a 
Manner  as  is  done  in  other  I^xrts  of  the  Country,  to 
Fortify,  Garrison  and  defend  such  Towns,  to  settle 
and  maintain  Ministers  of  "the  Gospel  and  School- 
masters, both  for  themselves  and  the  Indians  living 
about  them  :  and  to  free  such  Towns  and  Precincts 
from  all  other  public  Taxes  Expenses  and  troubles, 
wherein  they  should  not  particularly  be  concerned. 

And  whereas  we  find  John  Christopher  Hartwick 
minister  of  the  Gospel  inclined  and  conceive  him  able 
to  promote  both  the  kingdom  of  Christ  and  that  of 
Your  Majesty  :  therefore  after  he  had  obtained  Your 
Majestys  Lycence  to  purchase,  we  have  sold  to  him 
in  Your  Majestys  ISTame  a  Tract  of  Land  the  remotest, 
that  hath  been  purchased  yet.  And  whereas  both 
by  Reason  of  the  great  Distance  from  markett  and 
because  of  the  Nearness  to  the  Enemies  Country  and 
the  Adjoining  Wilderness  of  the  people  that  would 
undertake  to  settl-e  it  must  labour  under  great  Hard- 
ships and  Difficulties,  arising  from  the  above  men- 
tioned Circumstances  easily  to  be  conceived  and  too 
tedious  to  mention  to  Your  Majesty  and  whereas  the 


lo!^  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

far  greater  part  of  the  Tract  of  Land  aforesaid  is  not 
improvable,  and  what  is. so  is  much  interrupted  by 
Hills,  so  that  the  good  cannot  be  seperated  from  the 
bad,  without  putting  the  undertaker  to  insupportable 
Charges,  the  Land  must  either  remain  waste  to  the 
Detriment  of  Your  Majesty's  Literest  because  it  cau- 
not  make  good  the  charges  and  Fees  of  Surveying 
and  l*ateuting,  wich  are  great,  or  bring  up  the  Quit- 
rent,  wich  is  now  liigher  than  that  wich  is  paid  from 
good  and  conveniently  and  savely  situated  Land,  or 
an  Exemption  must  be  granted. 

For  these  Reasons  and  from  such  Considerations  as 
these,  as  also  from  the  Conlidence  we  put  in  the  Grace 
and  Favour,  wich  Your  Majesty  hath  allways  been 
wont  to  bestow  upon  us  We  have  taken  upon  us  to 
intercede  to  Your  Majesty  in  Behalf  of  the  aforemen- 
tioned John  Christopher  Hartwick  huni])ly  praying 
Your  Majesty,  to  grant  to  the  said  John  Christopher 
Hartwick  the  Tracts  of  Land  sold  to  him  by  us ;  and 
more  particularly  described  in  the  Deeds  of  Convey- 
ance and  Returns  of  the  Surveyor,  on  such  easy  Terms 
as  to  Your  Majesty  in  Your  Grace  and  "Wisdom  shall 
seem  most  fit  and  expedient  for  the  Litents  and  Pur- 
poses aforementioned,  wich  we  forbear  mentioning 
at  Large  being  confident  Your  Majestys  Wisdom  will 
from  this  Hint  easily  infer  them. 

If  Your  Majesty  shall  be  pleased  to  grant  these  our 
Prayers  we  shall  thanckfully  acknowledge  it,  as  a 
Token  of  Your  Majestys  especial  Grace  and  Favour 
towards  us,  and  use  our  best  Endeavours  by  aFaithfull 
Attachment  to  Your  Majestys  Crown  to  deserve  it 
allways  praying  to  the  Heavenly  Father  to  support 
Your  Majesty  in  Your  old  age,  with  continual  Sup- 
plies of  Heavenly  and  Royal  Gifts,  Graces  Power  and 


DOCUMENTARY     llISTOJiY.  133 

Strength  to  the  longest  l*eriod  of  Life,  and  to  crown 
Your  Endeavors  for  tlic  Happiness  of  Your  i'eople 
and  maintaining  Peace  among  Christian  l*rinces,  with 
Success,  and  at  hist  when  Your  Majesty  shall  be  full 
of  Days  to  leave  Your  Crown  to  a  Prince  of  Your 
Royal  Blood,  who  shall  not  be  unworthy  to  be  Son  to 
such  a  Father  and  Successor  to  such  a  king,  and  to 
receive  a  Crown  of  Glory  in  the  Heavenly  kingdom 
that  fadeth  not. 

Finally,  we  pray,  That  Your  Majesty  would  be 
pleased  to  continue  that  fatherly  Care  and  Protection 
wich  we  have  hitherto  injoyed  towards  us  and  our 
Brethren  the  Six  IS^ations  and  to  receive  into  the  same 
also  the  ^Nation  of  wich  b_y  the  Care  of 

our  Brother  Johnson  hath  been  joined  with  us  and 
linck  to  the  Covenant  Chain  in  particular  we  pray 
That  Your  Majesty  would  be  pleased  to  provide  for 
us,  to  the  Glory  of  God  and  our  Souls  Wellfare  a 
Church  and  a  Minister  residing  among  us;  that  we 
may  more  fully  enjoy  the  Light  of  the  Gospel,  wich 
hath  begun  to  dawn  upon  us ;  That  we  delivered  from 
the  Power  of  Darkness  may  walk  in  it — and  Your 
Majestys  Petitioners  shall  ever  pray 

May  it  please  Your  Majesty 

Your  Majesty's 
most  humble  and  obedient  Servants 


134  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 


Petition  of  John  Christopher  Hartwick  and  Others 
FOR  A  Patent. 

[Land  Papers',  xvi,  44,  Secretary's  office.] 

To  the  nouo'"«  Cadwallader  Golden,  Es'i-"  President 
of  his  Majesty's  Council  and  Commander  in  Chief  of 
the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  territories  depend- 
ing thereon  in  America. 

The  petition  of  John  Christopher  Ilartwick,  Marcus 
Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Hittner,  Frederick 
Mayer,  Thomas  Taernier,  Carl  Evvald,  John  Mau- 
rice Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinckerholi'and 
John  Schleydorn. 

Humbly  Sheweth. 

That  your  Petitioners,  John  Christopher  Hartwick, 
Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Hittner, 
Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl  Ewald, 
Johan  Maurice  Goetshius,  and  David  Seckel,  together 
with  Theodoras  Frielinghausen  and  Hendrick  Schley- 
dorn since  deceased,  on  the  13th  day  of  May,  1755, 
did  present  a  petition  to  the  late  Honourable  James 
De  Lancey,  Esq''  then  Lieutenant  Governor  and  com- 
mander in  chief  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  in 
Council,  therein  setting  forth.  That  the  petitioners 
pursuant  to  a  Lycence  granted  to  John  Christopher 
Hartwick,  in  behalf  of  himself  and  others,  bearing 
date  the  13th  day  of  March,  1754,  had  purchased  in 
his  Majesty's  name  of  the  Native  Indian  Proprietors 
thereof,  a  certain  tract  of  vacant  land,  situate  Lying 
and  being  in  the  County  of  Albany,  on  the  south  side 
of  the  Mohauk's  River,  beginning  on  the  west  side 
of  Susquehannah  River  at  the  northerly  bounds  of  a 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  185 

patent  tliorc  granted  to  Volkert  Oothout,  John  De 
"Witt  and  others,  and  running  from  thence  up  the  said 
River  six  miles  to  a  young  Lime  tree,  standing  near 
the  said  River,  marked  with  the  letters  HW.,  17-'')4, 
extending  in  breadth  from  the  said  River  into  the 
Woods  six  miles,  as  by  the  Indian  Deed  for  the  said 
lands  bearing  date  the  twenty  ninth  day  of  May,  1754, 
herewith  produced  might  appear  containing  about 
twenty  four  thousand  acres,  and  that  the  petitioners 
obtained  from  the  late  governor  Clinton  a  lycence  to 
purchase  the  said  lands  bearing  date  the  sixth  day  of 
I^ovember,  1752,  and  therefore  praying  his  Majesty's 
letters  patent  to  the  petitioners  their  heirs  and  assigns 
for  the  said  tract  of  land  under  the  quit  Rent  limita- 
tions and  restrictions  directed  and  appointed  in  his 
late  Majesty's  Commission  and  Instructions  to  the 
late  Governor  Clinton  ;  which  petition  having  been 
tben  and  there  read,  his  Majesty's  Council  did  hum- 
bly advise  his  honour  the  said  lieutenant  Governor  to 
grant  the  prayer  thereof,  Whereupon  a  warrant  under 
the  hand  and  seal  at  arms  of  the  said  Lieutenant  Go- 
vernor dated  the  same  day  did  issue,  directing  and 
requiring  the  surveyor  General  to  survey  and  lay  out 
for  the  said  petitioners  the  tract  of  land  aforesaid 
agreeable  to  the  prayer  of  the  said  petition,  which 
was  surveyed  and  laid  out  accordinglj^  But  as  no 
settlement  could  be  made  on  the  said  lands,  by  reason 
of  the  present  war,  your  petitioners  were  discouraged 
till  lately  from  surveying  out  a  grant  for  the  said 
lands.  And  your  Petitioners  farther  shew  that  after 
the  said  warrant  of  survey  issued  and  was  returned, 
the  petitioners  Theodoras  Frielinghausen  and  Hen- 
drick  Schleydorn  departed  this  life.  That  the  name 
of  the  said  Thcodorus  Frielinghausen  was  used  by  the 


136  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

petition  aforesaid  only  in  trust  for  your  petitioner 
Dirck  Brinckerbotf,  and  the  name  of  the  said  Hen- 
drick  Schleydorn  was  only  in  trust  for  your  petitioner 
John  Schleydorn,  and  that  the  said  Theodorus  Frie- 
linghausen  and  Hendrick  Schelydorn,  or  either  of 
them  had  no  interest  therein  otherwise  than  in  trust 
as  aforesaid. 

Wherefore  your  Petitioners  Most  humbly  pray  your 
Honour  to  issue  your  Warrant  to  the  Attorney  Gene- 
ral to  prepare  a  draft  of  letters  patent  for  granting  to 
your  petitioners  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  Marcus 
Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Ilittner,  Frederick 
Meyer,  Thomas  Tuermev,  Carl  Ewald,  Johan  Maurice 
Goetschius,  David  Seckel,  and  to  Dirck  Brinckerhoif 
instead  of  the  said  Theodorus  Frielinghausen  de- 
ceased, and  to  John  Schelydorn  instead  of  the  said 
Hendrick  Schelydorn  deceased,  the  said  Tract  of  six 
miles  square,  so  surveyed  and  returned  as  aforesaid, 
under  such  Quit  rents,  Provisoes,  Limitations  and 
Restrictions  as  are  directed  and  appointed  in  and  by 
his  late  Majesty's  commission  and  Instructions  to  his 
said  late  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq'' 

And  your  petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever 
pray  &c 

John  Christopher  Hartwick 
in  behalf  of  himself  and  the  rest 
of  the  Petitioners 
:N"ew  York  28'^  March  1761 


Fort  George  New  York,  2^^^  March,  1761 

Let  a  certificate  be  prepared  setting  out  the  lands 
for  the  petitioner  and  when  the  said  certificate  shall  be 
signed  by  the  Commissioners,  let  a  warrant  issue  to 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  137 

the  Attorney  General,  to  prepare    a  draft  of  Letters 
patent  pursuant  to  the  prayer  of  the  petition 

Cadwallader  Golden. 

Endorsed  with  a  description  of  the  papers  and  the 
following  : 

April  18  Warrant  issued  to  the  Attorney  General 
to  prepare  Letters  Patent  pursuant  to  the  prayer  of 
the  Petitioners 

G.  Banyar,  D.  Sec\ 

Patent  to  John  CHRisToriiER  Hartwick  and  Others 
April  22,  1761. 

[Patents,  xiii,  359,  Secretary's  ofdce.] 

George  the  Third,  by  the  grace  of  God  of  Great 
Britain  France  and  Ireland  King,  Defender  of  the 
Faith  and  so  forth. 

To  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come,  Greeting. 
Whereas  our  loving  Subjects,  John  Ghristopher  Hart- 
wick, Theodorus  Frielinghausen,  Marcus  Kuhll,  Ilen- 
dric'K  Keppell,  George  Ilittner,  Frederick  Mayer, 
Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl  Ewald,  Hendrick  Schleydorn, 
Johan  Mauris  Goetshius,  and  David  Seckel,  by  their 
humble  petitions  presented  on  the  Thirteenth  day  of 
May,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  One  Thousand  Seven 
Hundred  and  fifty  five,  to  the  Honourable  James 
De  Lancey,  Esquire,  then  our  late  Royal  Grandfather's 
Lieutenant  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief,  in 
and  over  the  province  of  'New  York,  and  the  Territo- 
ries depending  thereon  in  America,  did  set  forth  that 
by  virtue  of  a  licence  obtained  from  the  Honourable 
George  Clinton,  bearing  date  the  sixth  day  of  Novem- 
ber, in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hun- 
18 


1.j8  documentary   history. 

dred  aiidlifty  two  (the  said  George  Clinton,  then  being 
onr  late  said  Royal  Grandfather's  Captain  general 
and  governor  in  chief  of  the  said  province  and  terri- 
tories), and  afterwards  renewed  hy  a  further  Licence 
from  the  said  Lieutenant  Governor,  bearing  date  the 
thirteenth  day  of  March,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty  four,  they,  the  Peti- 
tioners, had  purchased  in  the  name  of  our  said  late 
Royal  Grandfather  of  the  native  Indian  proprietors 
thereof,  a  certain  Tract  of  vacant  Land,  situate  lying 
and  being  in  the  County  of  Alban}',  on  the  south  side 
of  the  Mohauks  River.  Beginning  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Susquehannah  River,  at  the  Northerly  bounds  of 
a  Patent  there  granted  to  Volkert  Oothout,  John 
De  Witt  and  others,  and  running  from  thence  up  the 
said  river,  six  miles  to  a  young  Lime  tree  standing 
near  the  said  River,  marked  HW  1754,  extending  in 
breadth  from  the  said  River  into  the  Woods  six  miles, 
as  by  the  Indian  deed  for  the  said  Lands  bearing  date 
the  twenty  ninth  day  of  May,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty  four  might 
appear,  containing  about  twenty  four  thousand  acres. 
And  therefore  the  Petitioners  did  humbly  pray  of  our 
late  Royal  Grandfather,  Letters  Patent  to  them,  their 
Heirs  and  assigns,  for  the  said  tract  so  purchased  by 
them  as  Aforesaid,  under  the  Quit  Rent  limitations 
and  Restrictions  directed  in  our  said  late  Royal 
Grandfather's  commission  and  Instructions  to  the 
said  George  Clinton,  governor  as  aforesaid. 

Which  petition  having  been  then  and  there  read 
and  considered  of,  the  said  Council  did  afterwards,  on 
the  same  thirteenth  day  of  May,  humbly  advise  the 
said  Lieutenant  Governor  to  grant  the  Prayer  thereof. 
And  Whereas  after  the  surveying  and  return  made  of 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  139 

the  survey  of  the  said  Tract  of  Land  for  the  said  Peti- 
tioners, two  of  the  said  Petitioners,  to  wit :  Theodorus 
Frielinghuusen  and  Ilendrick  Schleydorn  departed  this 
life:  And  Whereas,  it  duly  appears  that  the  ISTame  of 
the  aforesaid  Theodorus  Frielinghausen  in  the  Peti- 
tion above  mentioned  was  made  use  of  in  trust  only, 
for  our  loving  subject  Dirck  Brinckerhoff,  and  that 
the  name  of  the  aforesaid  Ilendrick  Schleydorn,  in 
the  said  petition,  was  made  use  of  in  trust  only  for 
our  loving  sul)ject  John  Schleydorn,  and  that  the  said 
Theodorus  Frielinghausen  and  Ilendrick  Schleydorn, 
nor  either  of  them  had  any  Interest  in  the  Premises 
otherwise  than  in  Trust  as  aforesaid :  The  Commis- 
sioners appointed  by  the  said  Instructions  of  our  said 
late  Royal  Grandfather,  for  the  setting  out  all  lauds 
to  be  granted  within  our  said  Province,  in  pursuance 
of  the  Premises,  and  in  obedience  to  tfie  Instructions 
above  mentioned,  of  our  said  late  Royal  Grandfather 
to  the  said  Honourable  George  Clinton,  Captain 
General  and  Governor  as  aforesaid,  have  set  out  for 
them,  the  said  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  Marcus 
Kuhl,  Ilendrick  Keppell,  George  Hittner,  Frederick 
Meyer,  Thomas  Tudemer,  Carl  Evvald,  John  Maurice 
Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinkerhoff,  and 
John  Schleydorn,  All  thtit  certain  Tract  of  Land 
situate  lying  and  being  in  the  County  of  Albany,  on 
the  south  side  of  the  Mohauks  River,  and  the  west 
side  of  the  Susquehannah  River,  Beginning  in  the 
northwesterly  bounds  of  a  certain  tract  of  land  granted 
by  letters  patent  to  Volkert  Oothout,  John  De  Wit, 
James  Gardiner,  Charles  Williams,  Richard  Is'ichells, 
William  Jamison  and  Johan  Coenradt  and  Petrie, 
where  the  River  issuing  out  of  the  Lake  called  Otsego 
crosses   the    aforesaid    northwesterly    Bounds    of  the 


140  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

aforesaid  Tract  of  Land  graiited  to  Volkert  Oothoiit 
and  others,  and  runs  thence  west  four  hundred  and 
eighty  chains,  Then  north  four  hundred  and  eighty 
chains,  Then  east  four  liundred  and  eighty  chains,  to 
the  said  River  issuing  out  of  the  said  Lake  Otsego. 
Then  along  the  west  side  of  the  said  River  as  it  runs  to 
the  place  where  this  tract  of  kind  first  began,  containing 
Twenty  one  thousand  five  hundred  acres  of  Land,  and 
the  usual  allowances  for  highways  And  in  setting  out 
thereof,  the  said  Commissioners  have  had  Regard  to 
the  profitable  and  unprofitable  acres,  and  have  taken 
care  that  the  length  of  the  said  land  doth  not  extend 
along  the  Banks  of  any  River  otherwise  than  is  con- 
formable to  the  said.  Royal  Instructions  for  that  pur- 
pose, as  by  a  certificate  thereof  under  their  hands 
bearing  date  the  ninth  day  of  April  instant,  and 
entered  of  Recfl^-d  in  our  Secretarys  Office  in  our  city 
of  New  York  may  more  fully  appear.  Which  said 
Tract  of  land  so  set  out  as  aforesaid,  we  being  willing 
to  grant  to  them  the  said  John  Christopher  Ilartwick, 
Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Ilittner, 
Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas  Teurraer,  Carl  Ewald,  John 
Maurice  Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinckerhoff 
and  John  Schley dorn,  their  heirs  and  assign es  for- 
ever: Know  ye  that  of  our  especial  grace  certain 
knowledge  and  meer  motion  we  have  given,  granted 
ratified  and  confirmed,  and  do  by  these  presents  for  us, 
our  heirs  and  successors  give  grant  ratify  and  confirm 
unto  the  said  John  Christopher  Hartwick,  Marcus 
Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Hittner,  Frederick 
Meyer,  Thomas  Teurmer,  Carl  Ewald,  John  Maurice 
Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinckerhoff  and 
John  Schleydorn,  their  heirs  and  assignes  for  ever. 
All   the    aforesaid    tract   or   parcel  of  land,    set   out 


DOCUMENTARY     IIISTOIIY.  141 

nl»ntte(l,  boiiii(le<l  and  described  in  manner  and  form 
as  above  mentioned,  togetlier  with  all  and  singular 
the  Tenements  Hereditaments  Emoluments  and  appur- 
tenances thereunto  belonging  or  appertaining,  And 
also  all  our  estate  Right  Title  Interests  Possession 
Claim  and  demand  whatsoever,  of  in  and  to  the  said 
Land  and  Premises,  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof: 
And  the  Reversion  and  Reversions,  Remainder  and 
Remainders,  Rents,  Issues  and  Profits  thereof,  and  of 
every  part  and  parcel  thereof,  except  and  always 
reserved  out  of  this  our  present  grant  unto  us  our 
heirs  and  successors  forever,  all  mines  of  gold  and 
silver.  And  also  all  Trees  of  the  Diameter  of  Twenty 
four  inches  and  upwards  at  twelve  inches  from  the 
ground  for  masts  for  our  Royal  Kavy.  And  also  all 
such  other  Trees  as  may  be  fit  to  make  planks  Knees, 
and  other  things  necessary  for  the»use  of  our  said 
Eavy,  which  now  are,  or  at  any  time  hereafter  shall 
be  standing  growing  or  being  in  or  upon  the  above 
granted  lands  or  any  part  thereof,  with  the  liberty 
and  license  for  any  person  or  persons  whatsoever  by 
us  our  heirs  or  successors  to  be  thereunto  especially 
appointed,  and  under  our  or  their  Royal  Sign  Manual, 
either  with  or  without  workmen  Horses  Waggons 
Carts  or  any  other  Carriages  from  time  to  time  and  at 
all  times  hereafter,  to  enter  and  come  into  or  upon 
the  said  lands  and  premises  hereby  granted  or  hereby 
mentioned  or  intended  to  be  and  into  or  upon  every 
or  any  part  or  parcel  thereof,  and  there  to  fell,  cut 
down,  root  up,  hew,  sauare,  saw  work  up,  have,  take 
and  carry  away,  all  such  timber  and  trees  for  the  use 
of  our  Royal  Navy  as  aforesaid.  To  have  and  hold 
one  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (tlie  whole  into 
eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided)  of  and  in   the  said 


14:2  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

tract  or  parcel  of  land,  Tenements,  Hereditaments 
and  Premises  by  these  Presents  granted  ratified  and 
confirmed,  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof,  with 
their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances  (except  as 
herein  before  excepted)  nnto  the  said  John  Christo- 
pher Ilartwick,  his  heirs  and  assignes,  To  the  only 
proper  use  and  Behoof  of  him  the  said  John  Christo- 
pher Ilartwick,  his  heirs  and  assignes  forever.  And 
to  have  and  to  hold,  one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh 
part  (the  whole  into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided) 
of  and  in  the  said  tract  or  parcel  of  land  Tenements, 
Hereditaments  and  pren^ises  by  these  presents  granted 
ratified  and  confirmed  and  every  part  and  parcel 
thereof,  with  their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances 
(except  as  herein  before  excepted)  unto  the  said  Mar- 
cus Kuhl,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  to  the  only  proper 
use  and  behoof  f)f  the  said  Marcus  Kuhl,  his  heirs 
and  assignes  forever.  And  to  have  and  to  hold,  one 
other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole  into 
eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided)  of  and  in  the  said 
tract  or  parcel  of  land.  Tenements  Hereditaments  and 
Premises  by  these  Presents  granted  ratified  and  con- 
firmed, and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof  with  their 
and  every  of  their  appurtenances  (except  as  is  herein- 
before excepted)  unto  the  said  Hendrick  Keppell, 
his  heirs  and  assignes,  To  the  only  proper  use 
and  behoof  of  him  the  said  Hendrick  Keppell,  his 
heirs  and  assignes  forever.  And  to  have  and  to  hold, 
one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole 
into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided)  of  and  in  the 
said  tract  or  parcel  of  land,  Tenements  Hereditaments 
and  premises  by  these  presents  granted  ratified  and 
confirmed  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof  with  their 
and  every  of  their  appurtenances  (except  as  is  heroin 


DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY.  143 

before  excepted)  unto  the    said  George  Ilittiier,  liis 
heirs  and  assignes,  To  the  only  proper  use  and  behoof 
of  him  tlie  said  George  Hittner,  his  heirs  and  assignes 
forever.     And    to  have  and    to  hold,  one   other  fall 
and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole  into  eleven  equal 
parts  to  be  divided)  of  and  in  the  said  Tract  or  Parcel 
of  land,  Tenements  Hereditaments  and  premises  by 
these   presents   granted   ratified  and   confirmed,  and 
every  part  and  parcel  thereof  with  their  and  every  of 
their   appurtenances   (except  as    in   hereinbefore  ex- 
cepted) unto  the  said  Frederick  Meyer,  his  heirs  and 
Assignes,  To  the  only  proper  use  and  behoof  of  him  the 
said  Frederick  Meyer,  his  heirs  and  assignes  forever, 
And  to  have  and  to  hold    one   other  full  and   equal 
eleventh  part  (the  whole  into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be 
divided,)  of  and  in   the    said  tract  or  parcel  of  land 
Tenements,  Hereditaments  and  premises  by  these  pre- 
sents granted  ratified  and   confirmed,   and  every  part 
and  parcel  thereof,  with  their  and  every  of  their  appur- 
tenances (except  as  herein  before  excepted)  unto  the 
said  Thomas  Tuermer,  his  Heirs  and  assignes  forever. 
And  to  have  and  to  hold  one  other  eleventh  fall  and 
equal  eleventh  part,  (the  whole  into  eleven  equal  parts 
to  be  divided,)  of  and  in  the  said  Tract  or   Parcel  of 
Land,    Tenements   and   premises  by  these    presents 
granted  ratified  and  confirmed,    and  every  part  and 
parcel   thereof,  with  their  and  every  of  their  appur- 
tenances (except  as  is  hereinbefore  excepted)  unto  the 
said  Carl  Ewald,  his  heirs  and  assignes.  To  the  only 
proper  use  and  behoof  of  him  the  said  Carl  Ewald, 
his  heirs  and  assignes  forever.     And  to  have  and  to 
hold,  one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole 
into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided,)  of  and  in  the 
said  Tract  or  Parcel  of  laud  Tenements   Tenements 


144  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

and  premises  by  these  presents  granted  ratified  and 
confirmed,  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof,  with 
their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances  (except  as  is 
hereinbefore  excepted,)  unto  the  said  John  Maurice 
Goetshius  his  heirs  and  uesignes.  To  the  only  proper 
use  and-  behoof  of  him  the  said  John  Maurice  Goet- 
shius his  heirs  and  assignes  forever.  And  to  have 
and  to  hold  one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part 
(the  whole  into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided)  of 
and  in  the  said  Tract  or  Parcel  of  land,  Tenements 
Hereditaments  and  Premises  by  these  Presents  granted 
ratified  and  confirmed,  and  every  part  and  parcel 
thereof  with  their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances 
(except  as  is  herein  before  excepted)  unto  the  said 
David  Seckel  his  heirs  and  Assignes.  To  the  only 
proper  use  and  behoof  of  him  the  said  David  Seckel, 
his  heirs  and  assignes  forever.  And  to  have  and  to 
hold  one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole 
into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided)  of  and  in  the 
said  tract  or  parcel  of  land  Tenements  Hereditaments, 
and  premises  by  these  presents  granted  ratified  and 
confirmed,  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof,  with 
their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances  (except  as 
herein  before  excepted)  unto  the  said  Dirck  Brinck- 
erhofi",  his  heirs  and  assignes.  To  the  only  proper  use 
and  behoof  of  him,  the  said  Dirck  Brinckerhoft",  his 
heirs  and  assignes  forever.  And  to  have  and  to  hold 
one  other  full  and  equal  eleventh  part  (the  whole 
into  eleven  equal  parts  to  be  divided,)  of  and  in  the 
said  Tract  or  parcel  of  land,  Tenements,  Heredita- 
ments and  premises,  by  these  presents  granted  ratified 
and  confirmed,  and  every  part  and  parcel  thereof, 
with  their  and  every  of  their  appurtenances,  (except 
as  is  hereinbefore  excepted,)  unto  the  said  John  Schley- 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  145 

dorii,  Ills  heirs  uiul  assigues.  To  the  only  proper 
use  and  behoof  of  him  the  said  John  Schleydorn,  his 
heirs  and  assignee  forever.  To  be  hohlen  of  us,  our 
lieirs  and  successors  in  free  and  common  Socage  as  of 
our  Manor  of  East  Greenwich,  in  the  County  of  Kent, 
witliin  our  kingdom  of  Great  Britain  ;  yiehling  ren- 
dering and  paying  therefor  yearly  and  every  year, 
forever  unto  us,  our  heirs  and  successors,  at  our  cus- 
tom house  in  our  city  of  i*Tew  York,  unto  our  or  their 
collector  or  receiver  General  there  for  the  time  being, 
ou  the  Feast  of  the  Annunciation  of  the  blessed  vir- 
gin Mary,  commonly  called  Lady  Day,  the  yearly  rent 
of  two  shillings  and  sixpence  for  each  and  every  hun- 
dred acres  of  the  above  granted  lands,  and  so  in  pro- 
portion for  any  lesser  quantity  thereof,  (saving  and 
excepting  for  such  part  of  the  said  lands  allowed  for 
highways  as  above  mentioned,)  in  lieu  and  stead  of 
all  other  Rents,  Services,  Dues,  Duties  and  Demands, 
whatsoever  for  the  hereby  granted  lands  and  premises 
or  any  part  thereof,  Provided  always,  and  upon  condi- 
tion nevertheless  that  if  the  said  John  Christopher 
Ilartwick,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George 
Ilittner,  Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl 
Ewald,  John  Maurice  Goetshius,  David  Seokel,  Dirck 
BrinckerhofF  and  John  Schleydorn,  or  some  one  of 
them,  their  or  some  one  of  their  heirs  and  assignes, 
shall  not  wdthin  three  years  next  after  the  conclusion 
of  the  present  war  with  France,  plant,  settle  and 
etfectually  cultivate,  at  the  least  three  acres  for  every 
lifty  acres  of  such  of  the  hereby  granted  lands  as  are 
capable  of  cultivation,  or  if  the  said  John  Christopher 
Ilartwick,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George 
Hittner,  Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl 
Ewald,  John  Maurice  Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck 
19 


146  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Brinckerhofl"  and  John  Schleydorn,  or  any  of  them, 
their  or  any  of  then'  heirs  or  assignes,  or  any  other 
person  or  persons  by  their  or  any  of  their  privity  eon- 
sent  or  procurement,  shall  set  on  fire  or  burn  the 
woods  on  the  said  lands  or  any  part  thereof,  so  as  to 
destroy  impair  or  hinder  the  growth  of  any  of  the 
trees  there,  that  are  or  may  be  fit  for  masts,  planks 
knees  or  other  things  fit  for  the  use  of  our  Royal 
navy,  that  then  and  in  either  of  these  cases,  this  our 
present  grant  and  every  thing  therein  contained  shall 
cease  and  be  void,  any  thing  hereinbefore  contained 
to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 

Declaring  nevertheless,  that  no  Eeservation  or 
Exception  on  other  matter  or  thing  in  these  presents 
reserved  or  contained,  shall  be  intended  to  prohibit 
or  in  any  wise  hinder  the  said  John  Christopher  Hart- 
wick,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George  Hitt- 
ner,  Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl  Ewald, 
John  Maurice  Goetshius,  David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinck- 
erhoflF,  and  John  Schleydorn,  or  any  of  them,  their 
heirs  and  assignes  from  such  burning  of  the  woods,  or 
cutting  down  or  felling  of  the  Trees,  that  are  or  shall 
be  growing  or  being  on  the  above  granted  lands,  or 
any  part  thereof,  as  shall  be  necessary  and  conducive 
to  the  clearing  and  elFectually  cultivating  the  same 
land,  or  any  part  thereof,  or  to  or  for  their  or  any  of 
their  own  use  or  uses.  And  that  the  burning  of  the 
woods  mentioned  in  the  clause  or  proviso  herein 
contained  and  intended,  for  the  restraining  the  said 
John  Christopher  Hartwick,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick 
Keppell,  George  Hittner,  Frederick  Meyer,  Thomas 
Tuermer,  Carl  Ewald,  John  Maurice  Goetshius, 
David  Seckel,  Dirck  Brinckerhofl'  and  John  Schley- 
dorn, their  heirs  and  assigns  from  burning   the  woods 


UOCUMENTARV     IllSTOHV.  147 

to  clear  the  lands  is  only  meant  and  intended  the 
settino^  fire  to  and  burning  any  of  the  trees  or 
timber  while  they  are  standing  and  growing  on  the 
land.  And  that  the  Reservation  out  of  this  our 
present  grant  of  all  Trees  of  the  diameter  of  twenty 
four  inches  and  upwards  as  aforesaid,  for  masts 
for  our  Royal  Kavj'',  as  also  of  such  other  trees 
as  may  be  fit  to  make  planks  knees  and  other 
things  for  the  use  of  our  Navy  as  aforesaid,  ought  not 
to  be  construed  to  hinder  the  said  John  Christopher 
Ilartwick,  Marcus  Kuhl,  Hendrick  Keppell,  George 
llittner,  Frederick  Mayer,  Thomas  Tuermer,  Carl 
Ewald,  John  Maurice  Goetschius,  David  Seckel, 
Dirck  Brinckerhoff  and  John  Schleydorn,  or  any  of 
them  their  or  any  of  their  heirs  or  asignes,  from  the 
clearing  or  eftectually  cultivating  the  above  granted 
Lands  or  any  part  thereof,  and  we  do  moreover  of 
our  special  grace,  certain  knowledge  and  meer  mo- 
tion, consent  and  agree  that  this  our  present  Grant 
being  entered  on  Record  as  is  hereinbefore  particu- 
larly expressed,  shall  be  good  and  effectual  in  the  law 
to  all  intents  constructions  and  purposes  whatsoever, 
against  us,  our  heirs  and  successors,  notwithstanding 
any  misreciting,  misbounding,  misnaming,  or  other 
imperfection  or  omission  of,  in  or  any  wise  concern- 
ing, the  above  granted,  or  hereby  mentioned  or 
intended  to  be  granted  lands,  Tenements,  Heredita- 
ments and  premises  or  any  part  thereof. 

In  testimony  whereof,  we  have  caused  these  our 
Letters  to  be  made  Patent,  and  the  Great  Seal  of  our 
said  Province  to  be  hereunto  affixed,  and  the  same  to 
be  entered  on  Record  in  our  Secretary's  office  in  our 
city  of  New  York,  in  our  said  Province  of  New  York, 
and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in  America,  at 


148  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

our  Fort  in  our  city  of  New  York,  the  twenty  second 
day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  One  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  sixty  one,  and  of  our  reign  the 
first.  First  skin  Line  22'*  the  word  John,  Line  26  the 
Words  then  east  four  hundred  (mdeightu  cAams,  interlined, 
and  on  line  29  the  Word  Instant,  wrote  on  an  erasure. 

Clarke. 

In  the  preceding  certificate  and  Letters  Patent 
recorded  for  John  Christopher  Hartwick  and  others, 
the  following  erasures  interlineations  &c  appear.  Viz' 
Page  358,  line  6,  the  word  With,  and  line  30,  the  word 
3fight,  wrote  on  an  erasure.  Page  360,  Line  38  the 
word  Called,  interlined  and  page  364,  line  38  the  word 
said  obliterated. 

Examined  this  twelfth  day  of  June  1761.     By 

G.  Banyar,  D.  Secy. 

Letters  to  Jeremiah  Van   Rensselaer  in   relation 
TO  the  Death  of  Hartwick. 

Cler  Mont,  18"^  Julg  1796 
Sir 

It  is  proper  that  I  sh"*  inform  you  that  on  Wednes- 
day last  the  rev*  M''Hartwig  landed  here  from  a  Sloop 
going  to  Albany  being  as  he  said  fatigued  with  the 
Sloop — He  remained  at  my  mothers  till  Sunday  noon 
when  without  any  previous  indisposition  other  than 
the  asthma  after  conversing  much  at  his  ease  with  me 
for  an  hour  he  died  without  any  pain  &  perfectly  in 
Ms  senses. 

Before  his  death  about  one  hour  he  made  a  codicil 
to  his  will  by  which  he  app**  M'  Mulenburgh  one  of 
his  Ex""^  by  his  original  will  you  were  his  sole  execu- 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  149 

tor  —  The  will  tou'ctlicr  with  u  nuiuber  of  otlier  papers 
are  now  at  my  mothers  in  his  saddle  bags  which 
together  with  his  w^atch  &  the  cloaths  on  his  back 
were  all  the  eft'ects  he  had  with  him  &  no  money 
but  two  dollars  in  his  pocket — He  was  bm'ied  last 
Monday  in  the  Lutheran  chm'ch  in  the  camp — You 
will  be  pleased  to  give  directions  about  his  papers  & 
etfects  if  I  do  not  hear  from  you  before  I  go  to  All:)any 
which  will  be  on  Monday  next  I  sliall  bring  the  will 
with  me.     I  am  Sir  with  esstecm 

Your  most  Ob'  hum :  Serv' 
K.  R.  Livingston. 


Sir 

I  have  it  in  Charge  to  inform  you  that  the  Rev*  M"" 
Hardwicke  died  on  Sunday  the  17*  Instant  at  the 
House  of  M'''  Judge  Livingston  at  Clermont,  he  has 
left  his  Saddle  Bags  containing  Sundry  Articles  & 
several  papers,  amongst  which  is  his  last  Will,  which 
he  executed  here  a  few  minutes  before  he  died,  all 
which  the  Rev''  M'"  Earnst  and  myself  have  Sealed  up, 
and  shall  be  deliver'd  to  you  or  to  your  Written  Order — 
He  landed  here  a  few  days  ago  from  on  Board  a  Sloop 
bound  to  Albany,  with  an  intention  of  Remaining  a 
day  or  two  here  in  Order  (as  he  said)  to  Recruit  him- 
self, but  Complained  that  he  was  a  little,  afflicted  with 
the  Astma,  owing  to  the  Extreme  heat  he  experienced 
on  board  the  Vessel,  this  Complaint  continued  with 
him  untill  Sunday  at  12  o'clock  when  he  Suddenly 
expired, — I  have  the  satisfaction  of  informing  you  that 
M""'  Livingston  and  her  family  paid  him  every  possible 
attention  his  Case  Required, — He  was  Buried  on  Mon- 
day, in  the  Lutherean  Church  at  the  German  Camp. 


150  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

As  you  are  appointed  one  of  his  Executors  I  have 
taken  the  Earliest  opportunity  of  giving  you  tliis 
information,  I  have  the  Honour  to  be. 

Sir.     Your  most  H'''"  Serv' 
John  Cox. 
Manor  House  at  Clermont 
19*^  July.  1796. 

Jeremiah  Van  Eensselaer,  Esq". 


Church  Record  in  relation  to  the  Burial  oe 
Hartwick. 

Be  It  Remembered,  That  the  once  Reverendet  John 
Christoper  Hardwig  Lutheren  Minister  had  by  the 
making  his  Last  Will  and  Testament  wished  and  with 
the  Consent  of  the  Trustees  and  Vestery  of  the  Luther- 
en Ebenezar  church  in  this  City  albany  Direcdet  that 
affter  liis  Death  his  Corp  Should  be  entered  unter  the 
pulpit  in  said  Ebenezar  church  for  wich  he  bequeathed 
Ceartain  Sums  of  mouney  to  the  Use  of  said  church 
out  of  the  Revenue  of  his  Estead  as  maybe  seen  more 
clear  and  full  in  liis  Last  will.  Sometime  aifter  said 
Hartwig  on  a  journey  from  New  Yorke  to  Albany  fell 
Sick  and  Dieeth  in  the  East  Camp  not  completing  his 
Endendet  journey  to  Albany  was  hurried  in  the  Lu- 
theran Church  there.  The  Trustees  and  Vestery  in 
Albany  being  anxious  to  perform  there  Duty  in  ans- 
wering Hardwig's  Request,  but  as  a  Ceartain  Condition 
in  there  Deeth  given  to  Ebenezar  Church  for  a  pias  of 
Land  By  our  Most  Respectfull  Corporation  had  not  bin 
permitted  to  Enter  the  Corp  in  there  Church  without 
fortitting  the  pias  of  Burring  ground  the  Trustees 
and  Vestery  Peditioned  to  there  honners  the  Corpora- 


Hier    ruhel 

JOHANN  C.hlARTWICH 
Predi6er  der  Evandelifeh 
Lulherifehen    Kirohe. 
debohren  in  Sax-Golha 
den  6Jenner     I7l4, 

G  eRorb  en 
den  \0  Julius     IJOG. 
Seines      alters 
82  Jahre    6^Monal. 

@^=^-^ 

Das  kurz^eReekle  ziel  dertade 
Ifl  fiebenzig  ift  aehtzig  iahr 
Ein  innbegrif  von  muh  und  plade 
Auehwennesnoeh  fokodliehwar. 
Geflu6elt  eilt  mil  uns   die  zeit. 
In  eine  lan0e  ewi0keil. 


'<C^ 


Fac  dmile  of  thr  lU'V.  Mr.  Ilurtwick's  Tablet  iu  llic  Floor  of 
tiie  Lutliurau  Church  at  Albany. 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  153 

tioii  for  Permission  and  tliere  Pedition  has  bin  Gra- 
ciously grandet  and  one  of  tlic  Trustees  witli  the  Min- 
ister Mr.  Brown  went  to  the  Camp  and  fetched  the 
Corp  with  wich  they  arrived  here  in  Albany  this  17 
Febr.,  1798  and  the  21  Instant  sat  him  by  unter  the 
floar  untel  further  orders.  About  the  beginning  of 
May  98  the  Coffin  had  bin  secured  with  Stone  Coffin 
Brickwork  and  Covered  with  a  Marvel  Sepulcher 
Stone  wich  is  visible  to  all  such  that  are  anxious  to 
Look  at  it.  and  so  has  the  Lutheren  church  in 
Albany  Called  Ebenezar  become  the  Dwelling  houss 
of  the  Corp  of  John  Christoph""  Hartwig  until  the 
Coming  of  his  and  our  Lord.  The  Trustees  dought 
propper  to  give  JSTotice  of  there  proceedings  to  the 
Most  Reverent  Docter  Kuntz  one  of  the  Administra- 
tors in  a  litter  they  Do  wish  and  hope  that  in  Consi- 
deration of  all  there  performences  an  annual  allowance 
be  grandet  and  Stippendit  to  the  Church  out  of  the 
Estate  of  hartwig  for  the  use  mentainence  and  support- 
ing said  church  fourthy  pounds  are  particular  men- 
tioned and  grandet  in  his  will  for  permission  to  Enter 
his  Corp  in  the  Lutheren  Church  unter  the  pulpit  put 
it  appears  that  out  of  the  fourthy  pounds  Mr.  Reuselar 
made  a  Reduction  for  transporting  the  Corp  from  the 
Camp  to  Albany  and  for  some  other  Expences  on  that 
account. 


20 


154  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY, 


Last   Will   and   Testament   of    John    Christopher 
Hartwick, 

The  Last  Will  and  Testament  of  John  C,  Hartwick, 
deceased  and  Letters  Testamentory,  Recorded — 12"* 
August  1799. 

Immanuel  — 

To  Thee,  Jesus  Christ,  son  of  God  &  man,  head  of 
the  Church  of  which  I  have  been  made  A  Member,  by 
being  baptized  in  thy  name,  and  to  whom  I  have 
sworn  allegiance  at  my  confirmation,  whose  servant 
and  Minister  in  the  Gospel  I  have  been  consecrated  at 
my  ordination,  whose  I  am  and  whom  I  serve  with  all 
my  powers  Faculties  and  Estate,  both  alive  and  dead. 
It  is  on  account  of  the  last,  that  I  take  the  liberty  to 
write  this  humble  address  to  Thee,  who  when  in  the 
state  of  Humiliation  on  Earth,  hadst  not  whereon  to 
lay  thy  head,  but  whom  on  that  account,  thy  Father 
hath  appointed  Ileyr  of  all  because  It  haith  pleased 
Thee  to  intrust  me  with  a  portion  of  earth  to  put  out 
upon  Interest,  and  at  thy  command  to  restore  with 
usury  and  therefore  having  been  hindered  by  unfa- 
vorable times  and  circumstances  to  put  thy  will  &  my 
design  sooner  in  Execution,  and  seeing  no  probability 
bv  reason  of  age  &  infermities  to  put  my  purpose  into 
Execution  I  must  transfer  this  my  trust  to  others  by 
declaring  my  design  relating  to  my  temporal  Estate,  as 
my  constant  will  in  form  of  my  last  will  and  Testament 
which  I  do  in  this  Instrument  written  by  mine  owni 
hand  in  the  best  manner  and  form  I  am  able,  protesting 
against  any  exception  from  want  of  Law  or  Judicial  form. 
Know  Ye,  therefore,  all   to  whom  these  presents  may 


DOCUMENTARY     lllSTORV.  155 

conic,  or  who  may  liavc  any  concern  therein  That 
I  have  apointecl  and  by  these  presents  do  appoint  for 
my  Heirs  Jesus  Christ  the  son  of  God  and  man  and 
nppon  his  account,  and  agreeable  to  his  will  implied  in 
my  calling  such  of  the  Ignorant  ungospelised  part  of 
mankind  of  whatsoever  state,  colour  or  complexion  — 
who  shall  make  application  to  my  executors  and 
administrators,  and  bind  themselves  to  the  Ruler,  as 
shall  be  established  in  order  to  be  instructed  in  the 
Christian  Religion,  according  to  a  plan  &  method  to  be 
anexed  to  this  Instrument  in  form  of  a  Schedula  of 
the  same  validity.  For  the  Executors  of  this  my  last 
will  &  Testament  I  have  appointed  and  do  by  this 
present  Instrument  constitute  and  appoint  the  Honowr- 
able  Jeremiah  V°  Rentzelaer  Esq""  my  Executor  of 
this  my  last  will  &  testament  and  for  Curators,  who  are 
to  provide  proper  learned  and  Godly  persons,  regu- 
larly qualified  according  to  the  discipline  of  the  Evan- 
gelick  Church  adhering  to  the  Augustan  Confession 
vid'  at  perent  the  reverend  D"  John  Christopher  Kuntze 
p :  t.  Pastor  of  the  Evangelick  Church  of  the  City  of 
.ISTew  York  and  Pres''*  of  the  Evangelick  Minestry  of 
the  state  of  'N.  Y.  the  reverend  Pastor  D"'.  Helmuth 
First  minister  of  the  Evangelick  Church  of  the  City 
of  I'hiledelphia,  and  the  p.  t.  Preses  and  ministry  com- 
posing the  Synod  of  the  Evangelick  Church  of  l*ensyl- 
vania  who  are  hereby  requested  to  sue  for  charter  from 
the  competent  Authorities  for  the  purpose  above  men- 
tioned, generally  shall  be  instituted  and  erected  a 
Gjannasium  Evangelicum  Ministeriale  pro  propaga- 
tione  Evangelico  Christianee  Religionis  inter  Gentiles 
to  the  proper  and  peculiar  behoof  and  disposal  of  the 
Director  and  Theological  Faculty  of  the  Seminarium 
according  to   the  pious  design  of  the  Institution  shall 


156  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

be  and  is  hereby  set  apart  and  granted  by  these  pre- 
sents, all  the  land  in  the  Town  of  Hartwick,  County  of 
Otsego  jST.  Y.  State  not  disposed  of  me,  i.  e.  which 
are  not  granted  away  by  my  Attorney  before  the  revo- 
cation of  my  power,  or  b}^  me  hereafter  to  be  laid  out, 
into  a  regular  Town  close  build  &  to  be  called  New 
Jerusalem  with  Buildings  and  a  Hall  for  the  Gymna- 
sium, One  hundred  acres  thereof  shall  be  laid  out  for 
a  Glebe  of  an  Evangelick  minister  of  the  who  is  to  be 
called  and  appointed  by  the  Faculty. 

John  Christopher  Hartwick. 

Immanuel. 
A  Codicil  confirming  and  explaining  my  last  will 
and  testament  wherein  general  rules  are  laid  down 
and  prescribed  concerning  the  constitution  of  the 
Gymnasium  and  Seminary,  granted  in  my  last  will 
&  testament  I  therefore  ordain  first,  concerning  the 
end  and  design  of  the  Seminarium  Theologicum,  That 
it  is  chiefly  the  enabling  preparing  and  qualifying 
proper  persons  in  respect  to  their  age  constitution  of 
their  bodies  and  minds  and  Attainments  in  learning 
or  knowledge  of  the  instrumental  Literature  such  as 
generally  are  taught  in  the  American  CoUedges  and 
their  Morals  and  Principals  for  they  should  come  there 
without  a  Mind  warped  and  deformed  by  any  hereti- 
cal Sectarian  philosophical  opinion  which  if  early 
imbibed  unqualifieth  men  for  the  pure  and  simple 
Religion  of  the  Gospel  such  as  the  Gentiles  should  be 
taught  For  to  send  Missionaries  of  different  princi- 
ples and  attached  to  different  sects,  among  the  Gentiles 
coufoundeth  them,  as  they  are  not  able  to  discern 
which  party  is  in  the  right  &  which  is  in  a  wrong 
opinion  and  are  temted  to  think  that  they  are,  or  may 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  157 

be  l)otli  Avroiig  which  the  Indian  traders  too  nnich 
intent  to  take  advantage  of  the  ignorance  of  the 
Indians  would  hardly  fail  to  insinuate  into  them, 
Avhich  also  besides  others  is  a  great  reason,  that  the 
natives  are  not  yet  Christianized  and  therefore  are  yet 
in  a  state  of  barbarity  &  Thorns  to  our  eyes  &  pricks 
in  our  sides.  When  ever  there  should  be  no  more 
occation  for  Missionaries  to  red  or  black  heathens,  or 
the  revenue  of  my  estate  will  bear  it,  the  compass  of 
instruction  may  be  enlarged  to  Catechetical  instruction, 
and  if  after  that.  Providence  should  provide  sutRcient 
means  also  to  classical  learning,  but  no  lieathen  authors 
shall  ever  be  allowed  to  be  taught  in  this  Institntion 
to  stain  the  mind  of  youth,  concerning  the  method  I 
ordain  that  the  preceptors,  shall  the  howrs  or  whole 
time  of  their  instruction  be  present  in  the  class,  teach 
explain,  correct  &  keep  order  &  silance.  As  for  disci- 
pline me ;  He  who  requireth  a  whip  is  onely  fit  for  the 
army  :  The  rod  is  of  divine  Institution  but  onely  for 
children  not  come  to  ripeness  of  Judgement  a  larger 
and  Poenetential  Exercise  for  grown  persons. 

John  Chiiistopiier  Hartwick. 

I.  N.  E.  I. 
11,  Schedula  or  Codocil,  referred  to  in  my  last  will  and 
Testament,  determinating  what  in  that  instrument  was 
but  generally  expressed  and  relative  to  my  self  I  refer 
to  a  summary  account  of  my  Curriculam  Vita?  which 
I  have  writen  in  a  paper  by  itself  my  name  is  Johan- 
nes Christophorus  Hartwig,  which  the  English  accord- 
ing to  their  dialect  pronounce  and  write  Hardwick 
a  native  of  the  Dukedom  of  Saxa  Gotha  in  the  pro- 
vince Tharingia  in  Germany,  sent  hither  a  Missionary 
Preacher  of  the  Gospel  upon   the  petition   ^    call   of 


158  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

some  Palatine  congregations  in  the  Counties  of  Al- 
bany and  Dutchess,  but  meeting  with  mucli  opposi- 
tion from  a  neighbowring  Minister  who  had  drawn  a 
good  part  of  his  means  of  subsistance  for  many  Years 
from  those  congregations  by  occasional  services  was  at 
last  when  I  had  not  half  a  doucain  of  pounds  from  my 
congregations  obliged  to  leave  them,  I  then  had  succes- 
sive calls  from  Pensylvania  Maryland  Virginia  &  ISTew 
England,  to  which  I  served  successively  the  last  was 
ISTew  York  to  which  I  returned  from  Verginia  after 
the  last  peace  was  concluded  with  England  and  stayed 
there  upon  my  own  cost  and  charges  preaching  to  the 
Evangelick  Congregations  the  remnant  of  those  who 
with  their  Minister  the  ReV*  M"^  Hodseal  went  to  Halli- 
fax  using  at  the  same  time  my  endeavours  to  persuade 
the  rest  to  stay  &  that  not  unsuccessfully,  after  that  I 
went  and  visited  my  old  congregation  &  such  others 
in  the  then  County  of  Albany  who  were  destitute  of 
Ministers,  at  the  same  time  I  looked  after  my  estate 
which  I  formerly  had  destined  for  an  Evangelick  Con- 
gregation of  Germans  in  part  occupied  by  N'ew  Eng- 
land emigrants  professing  themselves  either  of  no  or 
diiferent  Religions,  mostly  anabaptists  or  rather  anti  or 
abaptists  for  they  are  mostly  unbaptized.  Eor  which 
reason  I  moved  to  Albany  and  impowered  the  honowr- 
able  Jeremiah  Van  Rentzelar  Escf,  upon  his  generous 
offer  on  account  of  my  pious  design,  with  the  disposal  of 
my  Estate  whom  I  have  also  denominated  my  Execu- 
tor and  Administrator  of -my  last  will  and  testament 
and  these  Codicils  anexed  thereunto  for  the  faithful 
Execution  of  it  and  them. 

II"  Besides  the  legaces  mentioned  in  my  last  will 
from  the  revenues  of  my  estate  I  legate  and  bequeath 
Forty  Pounds  for  a  Vault  and  stone  coffin  therein  to 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  159 

be  buried  in  tlie  vaeant  place  under  tlie  pulpit  and 
forty  Pounds  for  an  Evangelick  Lutheran  Minister  to 
be  called  and  sent  for  from  London  or  Germany  towards 
defraying-  the  charges  of  his  passage  and  forty  Pounds 
towards  his  honorary  maintanance,  every  year  as 
long  as  he  is  the  Minister  of  the  Evangelick  Congre- 
gation adhering  to  the  Augustan  Confession  in  All^any 
and  if  after  his  Decease  or  removal  the  cono;res:ation 
should  not  be  able  to  maintain  a  Minister  it  is  left  to 
the  discretion  of  the  Administrators  of  my  estate  or 
if  there  is  a  Seminary  then  formed  and  established 
agreeable  to  my  last  will  to  the  Curators,  &  Procu- 
rators of  that  Listitute,  what  &  how  long  they  will 
continue  to  supply  the  defeciencies  of  a  Salary  for 
an  Evangelick  Minister,  but  in  that  case  they  must 
have  been  applied  to  for  the  procuration  of  a  Minister 
who  in  that  case  should  be  under  the  inspection  of  the 
theological  Faculty  of  that  Seminar}^,  III;  I  ordain 
that  the  unsold  land  mentioned  in  my  last  will  shall 
be  let  out  on  short  leases  and  that  in  case  any  of  my 
relations  of  the  name  of  Hartwig  bringing  certificate 
from  y^  Parish  Minister  of  the  place  and  parish  they 
have  belonged  to  and  also  attestations  of  Magestrates 
of  the  Country  witnessing  that  they  derive  their  origen 
from  brothers  of  Andreas  Hartwig  who  the  latter  end 
of  the  last  or  at  the  beginning  of  this  present  Century 
w^ent  from  Seladen  a  town  or  Villiage  in  the  Bishop- 
rick  of  Hilderham  and  afterwards  setled  in  Mol- 
schleben  a  village  a  German  mile  from  Gotha  shall  be 
entitled  to  50  say  fifty  acres  free  and  fift}^  on  Rent, 
comon  with  other  tenants.  Item,  the  like  I  also  grant 
to  the  ofspring  of  my  sister  Anna  Barbara  married  to 
Yalentinus  Glaser  from  Schoenaw  a  miller  especeally 
one  of  her  sons  baptized  by  my  christian  name  John 


IGO  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Christopher.  II :  I  give  and  beqiieatli  in  fee  simple  to 
Christianus  Hartwig  a  free  farm  of  one  hundred  acres 
in  the  same  reserved  tract  of  unsold  Land  on  which 
he  hath  made  an  improvement,  in  witness  whereof  I 
have  subscribed  this  as  my  last  will  and  testament, 
declared  and  published  in  the  presence  of  the  under 
written  witnesses  dated, 

written  on  one  whole  sheet  of  paper  and  the  part  of 
another  which  to  the  former  is  anexed  with  my  own 
hand  and  signed  the  same  day. 

John  Christopher  Hardwick. 

Published  signed  sealed  &  delivered  in  the  presence 
to  the  Coustody  of 


Apendix  or  Codocilto  the  former  explanatory. 

There  shall  be  a  Pastor  appointed  for  the  members 
of  the  Institute  who  shall  have  charge  and  Cure  of 
their  Souls  &  Christian  behaviour  which  until  the  Col- 
lege is  able  to  maintain  or  need  a  peculiar  Pastor  may 
be  the  Pastor  of  the  Town.  Preaching  shall  be  thei^e 
every  day  by  a  member  of  the  Doctrinal  department 
at  an  howr  when  all  members  of  the  comunity  may  as 
they  ought  attent  morning  and  evening  prayers  lik- 
wise  by  the  members  of  the  doctrinal  department 
directing  them  successively.  In  case  of  a  solemn  trial 
of  any  delenquent  there  shall  be  appointed  of  the 
members  of  y°  community  a  prosecutor  &  an  advocate 
of  the  same  be  allowed  to  the  delinquent,  such  as  he 
shall  choose. 

John  Christopher  Hardwick. 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  161 

I.    K    ]J.    I. 

A  further  addition  to  my  last  will  &  Testament  by- 
way of  a  codicil.  Whereas  the  Honourable  Jeremiah 
V"  Rantzelaer  Esq'"  hath  generously  undertaking  to 
promote  my  pious  design  in  assisting  in  settling  my 
land  &  regulating  what  was  done  amiss  by  underagents 
and  that  without  fee  or  reward,  I  hereby  bequeath 
give  and  grant  unto  liini  One  hundred  acres  of  the 
imgranted  or  revested  land  in  my  Township  of  Hart- 
wick  in  the  County  of  Otsego,  State  of  ~New  York  in 
fee  simple  and  in  case  he  should  die  without  heirs 
lawfully  begotten  by  him  after  his  death  to  Elisabetha 
vulgarly  pronounced  Elsy  Lansing  his  sister  in  Law. 

Item  I  give  to  for  waiting  upon  me  and 

carefully  executing  my  comands  Fifty  acres  out  of 
my  ungranted  Lands,  and  I  appoint  in  respect  to  this 
John  Andrews  of  Albany  Guardian  and  trustee  untill 
he  cometh  of  age,  but  if  should  die  under  age  or  run 
away  from  his  Guardian  or  turn  a  reprobate,  which 
God  forbid  it  may  be  granted  to  William  Clement  in 
fee  simple  for  the  price  of  two  Dollars  p'"  acre  and  fifty 
acres  more  for  the  price  Land  shall  then  sell  for  if  he 
desire  it. 

I  also  give  leave  to  my  Executors  Administrators  or 
Procurators  to  grant  to  John  Andrews  and  Janey  his 
wife  my  present  host  &  hostess  One  hundred  acres  of 
ungranted  or  relapsed  lands  being  unimproved  or 
being  improved  paying  what  is  due  upon  them  or  a 
reasonable  price  for  the  improvement  preferable  to 
any  other  chapman  for  the  price  of  two  Dollars  p'' 
acre.  If  I  do  not  grant  the  same  whilst  alive  in  which 
case  I  declare  this  devise  void  or  fullfilled. 

For  a  further  explanation  of  my  last  will  &  Testa- 
21 


162  DOCUMENTAEY     HISTORY. 

meiit  I  ordain  that  the  charter  to  be  obtauied  from 
the  competent  Authorities  and  mean  while  to  be 
instituted  &  observed  by  the  executors,  administrators 
or  procurators,  that  the  goverment  of  my  Gyna- 
sium  Seminale  Theologicum  &  Missionarium  shall  be 
Republican  similar  to  the  form  of  the  Civil  Gover- 
ment to  wit  there  shall  be  a  Presidend  which  may 
be  the  Director  of  the  Doctrinal  appartment  of  the 
Institute,  which  last  also  shall  constitute  the  upper 
house,  and  the  economical  officers  the  lower  house 
who  are  to  make  the  laws  and  choose  the  otficers  & 
appoint  them  wlio  are  to  execute  them. 

John  Christopher  Hardwick. 

The  Punishments  for  transgressing  the  Laws  of 
God,  the  Church  or  of  the  Institution  &  Constitution  of 
Colledge  Gymnasium  &  semenary,  shall  be  propor- 
tioned to  the  age  degree  &  character  of  the  delin- 
quents, I.  by  the  ordinary  of  his  class,  then  if  not 
mended  by  the  rest  of  his  tutors  or  Preceptors  &  at  last 
by  a  council  in  which  the  director  is  to  preside,  and  if 
a  crime  deserving  expulsion  by  a  jury  of  his  Pears 
finding  an  inditement  according  to  the  laws  of  the 
Institute. 

To  this  end  the  Laws  must  be  printed  published 
&  at  the  reception  into  the  Institute  subscribed  &  the 
observance  of  them  solemly  vow^ed  by  every  one 
of  all  departments. 

John  Christopher  Hardwick. 

The  Members  of  the  Institute  in  every  department 
are  and  come  under  four  Kinds  of  Laws. 

P'.  The  Christian  Laws,  for  none  is  ever  to  be  made 
or  received  into  any  of  the  departments  wether  Doc- 


DOCUMENTAKV     HISTORY.  1G3 

triiial   or  Oocoiiomical    except  he   be   a  Chnstiau   by 
Bnptisin  &  conduct. 

IP'',  The  temporal  or  Civil  Law  of  the  countiy  & 
Township. 

III.  The  Law  of  the  institute  as  Gymnasium  Evan- 
gelico  Theologicum  as  the  Doctrinal  Department. 

IV"'.   As  an  Oeconomical  Corpus  or  Family. 

John  Christopher  IIardwick. 

In  the  Name  of  the  Triune  God. — 

I  John  Christopher  Hardwick  of  llartwick  in  the 
county  of  Otsego  being  yet  in  a  tolerable  state  of 
health  and  of  sound  memory  and  understanding,  and 
having  some  time  ago  made  declared  and  published 
my  last  will  &  testament  dated  at  Alban}^  tliogether 
with  some  codicils  joyned  &  annexed  to  it  wherein  I 
legated  the  principal  part  of  my  estate,  for  the  purpose 
of  propagating  the  Gospel  among  the  Gentiles  by  an 
Institute  to  be  formed  for  that  purpose  of  a  plan  for 
the  execution  whereof,  should  be  drawwn  and  annexed 
to  the  said  will  and  whereas  my  circumstances  have 
hindered  me  from  setting  up  such  a  plan,  and  whereas 
such  a-  plan  ought  to  be  such,  that  all  the  Christian 
Churches  should  join  in  promoting  it,  I  hereby  reco- 
mend  to  the  Ministers  of  the  ditferent  denominations 
herein  after  mentioned,  to  draw  up  and  agree  upon  or 
make  use  of  such  a  one  already  made  &  a  Scriptural  or 
Bible  Catechism  wherein  all  the  essential  questions 
of  the  Christian  Religion  are  answered  in  the  Classic 
sentences  wherein  the  Christian  doctrines  are  con- 
tained avoiding  all  controversial  questions  which 
would  confound  the  ignorant. 

I  also  recomend  to  them  to  form  themselves  into  a 
society  for  the  execution  of  the  charital)le  design  of 


164  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

my    last  will  &  Testament  for  which  purpose  I  also 
invest  them   jointly  with  all  my  right  &  title  to  the 
estate  mentioned,  and  described  in  the  said  my  last 
will  and  testament,  and  all  the  revenues  due,  or  which 
shall  become  due  from  it,  all  to  be  employed  for  that 
purpose,    by  those  persons  herein   after  named  they 
being  by  their  calling  obliged  to  preach  &  propagate 
the  Grospel  in  all  the  World.     And  whereas  the  design 
of  this  intented  institute  is  a  sultject  of  the  greatest 
importance  to  the  welfare  of   this  part  of  the  world, 
and  therefore  a  worthy  object  of  the  attention  care  and 
protection  of   the   United   States,   and  whereas   kind 
Providence  hath  taken  care  that  the  Convention  should 
not  disclaim  or  renounce  all  concern  of  the  morals,  or 
the  foundation  of  all  virtue  &  fidelity  of  both  Magis- 
trates &  People  without  which  no   Goverment  can  be 
successively  carried  on,  nor  the  People  prosperous  save 
or  happy,  and  whereas  by  the  same  kind  providence 
the  Reverend  Frederick  August  Muhlenberg  my  once 
worthy  and  then  of  the  Church  of  Christ  well  deserv- 
ing; Collee:ue   hath  been  called   to  take  care  of  the 
interist   of   the    Church   of    Christ,    in   that   August 
Assendjly  of   the   Congress  of  the  United   States  in 
America,  and  consequently  hath  the  best  opportunity 
as  well  as  long  approved  ability  to  promote  this  great 
&   glorius    design  &  having    likewise  his    promise  I 
hereby  take  the  freedom  to  nominate  appoint  &  declare 
him  by  these  presents  not  onely  one  of  the  Executors 
Administors  &  Curators.    But    as    President  of   this 
intented    society  for  Humanizing,    Civilizing,    moral- 
izing   &    Christianizing     the    savage    inhabitants    of 
North  America  &  other  Barbarous  J^ations  with  whom 
the  U.  S.  of  America  may  have  connexion  or  inter- 
course. And    humbly  pray  Honowrable    Congress  to 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  165 

pa}'  a  bcnovolent  attoiitioii  to  what  in  respect  to  tins 
weighty  object  he  shall  propose  as  a  matter  that  highly 
concerns  the  wellfare  of  the  People  they  represent 
both  constitntionally  and  by  the  Law  of  nature,  nation, 
humanity,  Christianity,  and  to  give  in  the  granting  of 
it  as  ample  extent  and  powers  as  so  great  an  object 
may  require  as  a  publick  &  not  a  private  Institute,  for 
I  seek  not  my  Honour  but  the  Honour  of  our  comon 
God  &  Saviour  &  as  a  member  of  Church  and  State  to 
perform  my  duty  to  God  and  Men  as  much  as  my 
power  &  Ability  will  admit  praying  &  hoping  for  par- 
don &  forgiveness  from  both  for  my  Defects  &  short 
comings. 

J-"*  CiiRiSTOPii''  IIardwick.     L  S 

Witnesses  Present,  John  R.  Livingston,  John  Willson, 
Benjamin  Walsh, 

A,  Signed,  Sealed  published,  and  declared  by  John 
Ch""  Hardwick  to  be  his  last  will  and  Testament  in  the 
precence  of  I^  B,  the  foregoing  will  is  wrote  on  Eigh- 
teen pages  and  signed  at  the  bottom  of  each  page  by 
the  Testator  in  our  presence  tlie  words  for  my  Jieirs 
between  the  twelfth  and  Thirteenth  line  on  the  second 
page,  the  word  qualijied  between  the  sixth  and  seventh 
line,  and  the  word  Evangelick,  between  the  fourteenth 
and  fifteenth  line  on  the  third  page,  the  word  are  above 
the  first  line  on  the  sixth  page  and  the  word  any, 
between  the  thirteenth  and  fourteenth  line  on  the  tenth 
page  all  first  interlined  by  the  testator  before  the  exe- 
cution thereof  this  Twenty  fifth  day  of  December  in 
the  Year  of  our  Lord  One  Thousand  Seven  Hundred 
and  ninety  three  Jacob  G  Lansing,  Jacob  Ja''  Lan- 
sing, Jacob  Ten  Eyck. 


166  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Albcmu  County  ss —  Be  it  remembered  that  on  the 
sixteenth  day  of  August  in  tlie  year  One  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  ninety  six,  personally  appeared 
before  me  Abraham  G  Lansing  Surrogate  of  the  said 
^County  Jacob  G.  Lansing  and  Jacob  Ten  Eyck  of  the 
City  of  Albany  who  being  respectively  duly  sworn  on 
their  oaths  declared,  that  they  did  see  John  Christo- 
pher Hardwick  late  of  the  said  City  Minister  of  the 
Gospel  deceased  sign  and  seal  the  Instrument  wrote 
on  this  and  the  sheets  of  Paper  hereto  annexed  pur- 
porting to  be  the  last  will  and  Testament  of  the  said 
Deceased  that  they  also  heard  him  publish  and  declare 
the  same  as  and  for  his  last  will  and  testament  that  at 
the  time  there  of,  he  was  of  sound  disposing  mind  and 
memory  to  the  best  knowledge  and  belief  of  these 
deponents  that  their  names  subscribed  thereto  are  of 
their  own  respective  hand  writing  and  that  they  did 
also  see  Jacob  Ja^'  Lansing  subscribe  his  names  as  a 
witness  thereto  in  the  presence  of  the  Testator. 

Ab"  G.  Lansing, 
Surrogate  of  the  County  of  Albany. 

Count)/  of  Albany  ss. 

Be  it  remembered  that  on  the  fourth  day  of  Septem- 
ber in  the  Year,  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
ninety-seven,  personally  appeared  before  me  Abraham 
G.  Lansing  Surrogate  of  the  said  County  Benjamin 
Welch  of  the  county  of  Columbia  in  the  State  of  ISTew 
York,  who  being  duly  sworn  on  his  oath  declared  that 
he  did  see  John  Christopher  Hardwick  late  Minister 
of  the  Gospel  deceased  sign  and  seal,  the  Instrument 
wrote  over  his  name,  on  the  sheet  of  paper  to  which 
this  deponents  name  is  subscribed  and  hereto  ailixed, 
that  he  heard  him  publish  and  declare  the  same,  as  and 


DOCUMENT  A  i;  V      HISTORY.  1G7 

for  his  last  will  and  Testament  that  at  the  time  thereof, 
the  said  John  Christopher  Hardwick  was  of  sound 
disposing  mind  and  memory  to  the  best  knowledge 
and  hciiof  of  this  deponent  that  his  name  subscribed 
thereto  is  of  liis  own  proper  hand  writing  and  that  he 
did  see  John  R.  Livingston  and  John  Willison  the 
other  witnesses  thereto  subscribe  their  to  in  the  pre- 
sence of  the  Testator  that  at  the  said  John  Christopher 
Hardwick,  did  so  sign  seal,  publish  and  declare  the 
said  paper  writing  to  be  his  last  will  and  Testament  as 
above  mentioned,  he  observed  a  number  of  sheets 
were  annexed  to  the  said  Instrument  but  that  he  did  not 
oliserve  the  writing  on  any  of  the  other  sheets. 

Ab""  G.  Lansing 
Surrogate  of  the  County  of  Albany. 
Albany,  ss. 

Be  it  remembered  that  on  the  fourteenth  da}^  of  Sep- 
tember in  the  year  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and 
ninety-seven,  personally  appeared  before  me  Abraham 
G.  Lansing,  Surrogate  of  the  County  of  Albany,  John 
"Willison  of  Rhinebeck  in  the  County  of  Dutchess 
who  being  duly  sworn  on  his  oath  declared  that  he  did 
see  John  Christopher  Hardwick  late  of  the  County  of 
Albany  Minister  of  the  Gospel  deceased,  sign  and 
seal  the  Instrument,  wrote  on  the  paper  hereto 
annexed  as  and  for  his  last  will  and  Testament,  that  at 
the  time  thereof  this  deponent  observed  that  there 
were  a  number  of  sheets  annexed  to  the  sheet  of  Paper 
to  which  his  name  is  subscribed,  but  that  he  did  not 
see  any  part  of  the  writing  on  any  part  save  on  that  to 
which  his  name  is  subscribed  that  at  the  time  thereof 
the  said  John  Christopher  Hardwick,  was  of  sound 
disposing  mind  and  memory  to  the  best  knowledge 
and  belief  of  this  deponent  that  his  name  subscribed 


168  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

thereto  is  of  his  own  proper  hand  writing  and  that  he 
did  also  see  John  R.  Livingston  and  Benjamin  Welch 
subscribe  their  names  as  witnesses  thereto  in  the 
Presence  of  the  Testator. 

Ab"^'  G.  Lansing 
Surrogate  of  the  County  of  Albany. 

County  of  Albany,  ss  : 

Be  it  also  remembered  that  on  the  fourth  day  of 
June  One  Thousand  Seven  hundred  and  ninety  nine, 
Jeremiah  Van  Rensselaer  Esquire  one  of  the  executors 
named  in  the  last  will  and  Testament  of  John  C. 
Hardwick  deceased,  likewise  appeared  before  me,  and 
was  duly  sworn  to  the  faithfull  performance  and  Exe- 
cution of  the  said  will,  by  taking  the  usual  oath  in 
that  case  provided. 

Ab'"  G.  Lansing. 

Be  it  Likewise  remembered,  that  on  the  nineteenth 
day  of  June  in  the  Year  last  above  written  Frederick 
Augustus  Muhlenbergh  the  other  Executor  in  the  said 
will  named  likewise  appeared  before  me,  and  was 
duly  sworn  to  the  faithfull  performance  &  execution 
thereof  by  taking  the  usual  oath  in  that  case  provided. 

Ab'"  G.  Lansing, 

The  People,  of  the  State  of  ISTew  York  by  Grace  of 
God  free  and  Lidependent,  to  all  to  whom  these  pre- 
sents shall  come  or  may  concern  send  Greeting. 

Know  Ye,  That  at  the  City  of  Albany  in  the  County 
of  Albany  on  the  fourth  and  fourteenth  days  of  Septem- 
ber in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  One  Thousand  seven  hun- 
dred and  ninety  seven  before  Abraham  G.  Lansing  Esq'' 
Surrogate  of  our  said  County,  the  last  will  and  Testa- 


DOCUMENTAUV     HISTORY.  169 

ment  of  John  Christopher  Hardwick  Minister  of  the 
Gospel  deceased  (a  copy  whereof  is  liereunto  annexed) 
was  proved  and  is  now  approved,  and  allowed  of  by  ns, 
and  the  said  deceased,  having  whilst  he  lived  and  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  Goods  Chatties  or  Credits  within 
this  State  by  means  whereof  the  proving  and  register- 
ing the  said  v/ill  and  the  granting,  administration  of 
all  and  singnlar  the  said  Goods  Chatties  and  Credits 
and  also  the  auditing  allowing  and  final  discharging 
the  Account  thereof  doth  belong  unto  us  the  Adminis- 
tration of  all  and  singular  the  Goods  Chatties  and 
Credits  of  the  said  deceased,  in  any  way  concerning 
his  will  is  granted  unto  Jeremiah  Van  Rensselaer  and 
Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg  Esquires,  the  Execu- 
tors in  the  said  Will  named,  they  being  first  duly 
sworn  well  and  faithfully  to  administer  the  same  and 
to  make  and  exhibit  a  true  and  perfect  inventory  of  all 
and  singular  the  said  Goods  Chattels  and  Credits,  and 
also  to  render  a  just  and  true  account  thereof  when 
thereunto  required,  In  testimony  whereof  we  have 
caused  the  seal  of  Office  of  our  said  Surrogate  to  be 
hereunto  affixed.  Witness  Abraham  G.  Lansing  Esq., 
Surrogate  of  the  said  County  at  the  City  of  Albany 
aforesaid  the  second  day  of  August  in  the  Year  of  our 
Lord  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety  nine 
and  of  our  Independence  the  twenty  fourth. 

Ab'*'  G.  Lansing. 

CHrj  and  County  of  Albany  ss 

I  do  hereby  Certify,  that  the  preceding  writing,  pur- 
porting to  be  the  last  will  and  testament  of  John  C. 
Hart  wick   deceased,  is  a  copy   thereof,  remaining  of 
Record  in  the  office  of  the  Surrogate  of  the  said  City 
22 


170  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

and  County  and  Recorded  in  Volume  2:  of  Surrogates 
Records,  folio  367.  to  378 — Examined  with  the  same 
this  30"^  day  of  Dec^^  1811. 

Richard  Lush,  Surrogate. 


Codicil. 

In  the  JSTame  of  the  onely  adorable  Triune  God 
Father,  Son  &  holy  Ghost,  A  Codicil  to  my  last  Will 
and  Testament. 

Whereas  I  John  Christopher  Hardwick  in  my  last 
Will,  written  &  publishd  in  Albany,  had  bequeathed 
8om  Land  to  W"^  Clement ;  and  whereas  the  same  Cle- 
ment is  Since  dead  I  hereby  declare  that  Grant  void  : 
and  whereas  said  Clement  left  a  Widow  pregnant  with 
a  posthumus  Child,  named  Miriam  1  give  and  bequeath 
to  her  Mother  Elizabeth  al.  Bethsy  Clement,  who 
acteth  now  the  Part  of  a  careful  ISTurse  to  me  one 
hundred  acres  of  Land  out  of  my  Estate  in  Hartwick 
in  the  County  of  Otsego,  in  a  Part  &  Lot  not  lawfully 
occupied,  such  as  she  or  a  person  impowerd  by  her 
Shall  choose,  to  enable  her  to  bring  up  said  her  Child; 
which  Land  so  chosen  and  assertained,  I  order  k  im- 
power  by  this  present  Codicil  My  Executor  or  Execu- 
tors ;  &  Administrator  to  grant  by  a  Deed  in  Fee 
Simple,  with  out  Fee  or  Reward. 

[This  codicil  was  not  signed  or  executed,  but  the 
executors,  nevertheless,  carried  out  the  evident  inten- 
tion of  the  testator.] 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  171 


Articles  of  Agreement  between  the  Curators  of 
TTAiiTwiCK  Seminary  and  the  Trustees  of  the 
Lutheran  Church  in  the  City  of  Albany. 

Articles  of  agreement  made  entered  into  and  con- 
cluded npon  this  twenty  seventh  day  of  Octo- 
ber in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
Eight  hundred  and  One,  by  and  between 
the  Curators  of  the  llartwick  ISeminary  of 
the  one  part,  and  the  Trustees  of  the  Lu- 
theran Church  in  the  City  of  Albany  in  the 
State  of  'Hew  York  of  the  other  part  in  the 
manner  following  viz  : 

JFirst,  It  is  agreed  by  and  between  the  said  Cura- 
tors, for  themselves  and  their  Successors,  to  and  with 
the  said  Trustees  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  the  City 
of  Albany  and  their  Successors,  that,  all  the  property 
and  Estate  left  or  devised  by  the  last  will  and  Testa- 
ment of  John  C.  llartwick  deceased,  for  the  use  and 
purpose  of  erecting  and  establishing  a  ministerial  and 
missionary  Seminary  wherein  young  Ministers  and 
Missionaries  are  to  be  trained  up  according  to  the 
Tenets  and  Doctrine  of  the  Lutheran  Church  pursu- 
ant to  this  last  will  and  Testament  aforesaid,  and  only 
for  the  intent  of  executing  the  said  pious  design  in 
the  manner  hereinafter  described,  is  to  be  deposited 
with  the  said  Trustees  of  the  Lutheran  Church  at 
Albany  within  two  years  from  the  date  of  these  pre- 
sents, subject  to  the  Order  of  the  said  Curators  here- 
inafter named  and  their  Successors,  of  whom  the  sur- 
viving Executor  of  the  said  last  will  and  Testament 
of  the  said  John  C.  Hartwick  deceased,  is  one. 

Secondly,  For  tlic  better  Government  of    the   said 


172  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Seminary,  it  is  mutually  agreed  between  the  said 
parties  hereto,  f(5r  themselves  and  their  Successors, 
that  it  shall  he  managed,  conducted  and  directed  by 
two  Curators,  which  offices  are  to  be  filled  and  admin- 
istered by  the  surviving  persons  named  in  in  the  said 
last  will  and  Testament  of  the  said  John  C.  Hartwick, 
for  and  during  their  natural  lives,  being  Jeremiah 
Van  Rensselaer  Esquire,  the  present  Lieutenant  Go- 
vernor of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  the  reverend 
John  C  Kunzee,  D.D,  at  present,  Senior  of  the  Lu- 
theran Clergy  in  the  same  State.  The  reverend  Henry 
Helmuth  having  resigned  the  Curatorship  by  a  writ- 
ing under  his  hand,  dated  at  Philadelphia  on  the  9th 
June  1801,  and  the  late  honourable  Frederick  A. 
Muhlenberg  being  deceased. 

Thirdly^  It  is  also  mutually  agreed  between  the 
parties  to  these  presents,  for  themselves  and  their 
Successors,  that  out  of  regard  for  the  particular  Confi- 
dence which  the  said  Testator  had  placed  in  the  two 
Curators  first  mentioned,  and  on  account  of  the  pre- 
sent infant  state  of  the  Seminary  aforesaid,  the  said 
two  Curators  shall  have  the  privilege  of  naming  their 
Successors,  which  nomination  is  to  be  regarded  by  the 
Trustees  aforesaid  and  to  be  conclusive  against  any 
other  nomination,  which  might  be  attempted  to  be 
made  by  them  or  their  Successors,  if  they  shall  have 
notice  of  such  nomination  having  been  actually  made 
by  the  said  two  Curators,  but  in  case  such  a  Nomina- 
tion might  be  neglected  to  be  made,  or  of  any  future 
vacancy  of  one  of  the  two  Curatorships,  in  either  such 
case,  then  the  vacant  place  is  to  be  filled  up,  by  an 
appointment  made  by  the  Trustees  of  the  Church 
aforesaid  in  conjunction  with  the  Elders  and  Church 
"Wardens  thereof. 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  173 

Fourlhlij^  It  is  furtlior  mutually  agreed  lietween  tlie 
parties  to  tliese  presents,  for  themselves  and  their 
Successors,  that  whenever  all  or  any  part  of  the  pro- 
perty belonging  to  the  Estate  of  the  said  John  C. 
Ilartwick  deceased,  shall  have  been  deposited  by  the 
surviving  Executor  of  the  said  Testator  with  the  said 
Trustees  of  the  Church  aforesaid,  they  the  said  Trus- 
tees shall  from  time  to  time  as  the  same  shall  be 
delivered  into  their  Charge,  pass  their  lieceipts  under 
their  corporate  Seal  to  the  said  Executor  for  all 
monies,  bonds,  notes  or  other  property  so  deposited, 
specifying  therein  particularly  the  amount  and  nature 
of  the  property  so  delivered  to  them.  And  that  the 
Treasurar  of  the  same  Church  is  to  give  at  any  time 
determined  upon  by  private  agreement  between  them, 
to  the  Curator,  who  is  not  the  literary  Director  yearly 
orders  for  drawing  all  the  interest-monies  and  Reve- 
nues arising  from  the  property  thus  appropriated  for 
the  Hartwick  Seminary  without  the  necessity  of  a 
previous  Resolution  being  passed  by  the  Board  of 
Trustees  aforesaid  for  that  purpose. 

Fifily,  It  is  also  mutually  agreed  between  the 
parties  to  these  presents,  for  themselves  and  their 
Successors,  that  one  of  the  Curators,  so  to  be  nomi- 
nated as  herein  mentioned,  must  and  always  shall 
be  a  Lutheran  Minister  and  also  a  Member  of  the 
Lutheran  Synod  in  the  State  of  iSTew  York,  and  shall 
by  virtue  of  his  said  Curatorship,  when  sanctioned  bj 
the  Synod  of  the  Evangelical  Clergy  of  the  State  of 
l!^ew  York,  for  his  competency  to  the  Business, 
undertake  the  chief  instruction  of  the  Students  of 
Divinity  and  be  the  literary  Director  of  the  Seminary 
and  its  dependencies :  And  that  the  other  of  the 
Curators  is  to  be  considered  as  filling  the  place,  or 


174  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

that  Office  which  by  the  said  last  will  and  Testament 
of  the  Testator  aforesaid  is  named  the  Oeconomical 
Director. 

Sixthly.  It  is  also  mutually  agreed  between  the 
parties  to  these  presents,  for  themselves  and  their 
Successors,  that  the  Curators  aforesaid,  as  well  as  the 
Trustees  aforesaid,  and  the  Vestry  of  the  Church  are 
to  use  their  Endeavours  to  promote  the  Institution  in 
all  possible  manner,  and  that  the  said  Trustees  will 
by  degrees  make  preparations  for,  and  request  the  aid 
of  the  liberal  Inhabitants  of  Albany  and  others,  to 
erect  a  building  for  the  Seminary ;  the  Trustees 
aforesaid  granting  the  Ground  for  it,  and  increasing 
from  time  to  time  the  number  of  Teachers  and  Scho- 
lars ;  And  the  Students  of  Divinity  in  such  case,  in 
consideration  of  the  instruction  received,  being  em- 
ployed in  teaching  young  Academists  in  the  learned 
Languages  and  other  Branches  of  Literature  under 
the  direction  of  the  Director  or  his  assistant. 

Seventhly.  It  is  also  mutually  agreed  between  the 
parties  to  these  presents,  for  themselves  and  their 
Successors,  that  in  order  that  the  literary  Director 
may  be  enabled  to  devote  the  most  of  his  time  to  the 
Instruction  of  the  Students  in  Divinity,  he  shall  have 
an  assistent,  to  aid  him  in  instructing  the  Seminarists, 
which  assistant  shall  be  supported  partley  from  the 
Revenue  of  the  Seminary,  and  partly  from  the  Salary 
he  may  receive  from  some  Congregation  in  which  he 
shall  engage  to  serve  as  their  Minister.  And  that  the 
present  literary  Director  is  at  liberty  to  move  to  the 
Spot,  as  soon  as  it  is  convenient  for  him  so  to  do,  but  in 
the  mean  time,  he  shall  instruct  Students  of  Divinity 
at  his  place  of  Residence,  his  Assistant  instructing 
young  beginners  intended  for  the  Ministry  and  others 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  175 

who  will  give  him  a  reason ahle  compensation  there- 
fore during  the  Directors  absence,  and  untill  a  per- 
manant  regulation  can  be  made. 

EigJdly.  It  is  mutually  agreed  between  the  parties 
to  these  presents,  for  themselves  and  their  Successors, 
that  in  case  of  a  disagreement  at  any  time  between 
the  Trustees  aforesaid  or  their  Successors,  and  the 
Curators  aforesaid  or  their  Successors,  or  between  the 
two  Curators  themselves,  the  said  difference  or  dispute 
is  to  be  laid  before  the  Synod  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
in  this  State,  where  the  decision  of  the  Majority  shall 
be  considered  as  binding  upon  them,  and  conclusive 
for  their  guidance  and  direction. 

Ninthly.  It  is  also  mutually  agreed  between  the  par- 
ties to  these  presents  and  their  Successors  that  the 
Curators  aforesaid  and  their  Successors  shall  and 
will  yearly  and  every  year  make  a  full  and  fair  state- 
ment of  their  Expenditures  to  the  Trustees  aforesaid 
and  their  Successors,  for  their  Information,  which 
shall  be  recorded  by  them. 

Tenthly.  It  is  mutually  agreed  between  the  parties 
to  these  presents  for  themselves  and  their  Successors, 
that  the  Minister  of  the  Lutheran  Church  at  Albany, 
who  is  regularly  called,  and  a  member  of  the  Min- 
istry of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  the  State  of  ISTew 
York,  and  of  approved  manners  and  life,  of  which  tlie 
Curators  are  to  judge,  shall  from  the  funds  of  this 
Institution  enjoy  a  yearly  addition  to  his  Salary  of 
One  hundred  Dollars,  and  the  Treasurer,  or  Clerk,  as 
the  Trustees  shall  determine  which  of  them,  fifty  Dol- 
lars for  his  Trouble  in  the  Business  of  the  Institution. 

And  for  the  true  and  faithfuU  performance  of  every 
article,  stipulation  and  thing  herein  before  expressed 
and   contained,  and  for  the  honest  discharge  of  every 


176  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

duty  also  enjoined,  the  said  parties  to  these  presents, 
bind  themselves  and  their  Successors  respectively, 
each  to  the  other  of  them,  as  also  their  Successors 
each  to  the  other  of  them  in  Twenty  thousand  Dol- 
lars of  the  money  of  account  of  the  United  States. 

In  witness  whereof  the  said  Curators  have  hereunto 
set  their  hands  and  Seals,  and  the  said  Trustees  have 
caused  their  corporate  seal  to  be  hereunto  affixed,  and 
this  agreement  to  be  signed,  sealed  and  delivered  as 
their  corporate  act  and  Deed,  on  the  day  and  in  the 
year  first  above  written. 

Martin  Hebeysen  ^ 

Daniel  Pohlman  Jun*^  V  Trustees 

John  G.  Knauff  j 

Sealed  and  delivered.     The  word  at  struck  out  in  two 
places  and  the  w^ords  in  the  City  of  Albany,  being 
interlined  above  them  before  the  Execution. 
in  the  presence  of 

Peter  Edm"  Elmendorp 
John  Frederick  Ernst  Sen'' 
Jer.  V  Renselaer    L.  S. 
Anthony  T.  Braun 
John  C.  Kunze     L.   S. 

I  do  herewith  certify  that  the  above  is  a  true  Copy 
taken  from  the  Original  as  the  Record,  this  thirtieth 
day  of  Octob'^  1801 

John  G.  Knauff, 

Clerk. 


DOCUMENTARY     UlSTOKY.  177 


SciiEDULi']  OF  Property  in  1801. 

A  Schedule  of  the  Proiieriy  remainmg,  of  the  Hev^  John  C. 
Hartwick  deceased,  in  the  hands  of  the  surviving  Executor. 

Principal  Sums 
Nro.  &  Valuations. 

1.  Eliphalet  Dewey^  Bond  and  Mortgage       $207  50 

2.  Thomas  Culley'      D°  D°  assigned 

by  W™  Gumming    in    Lieu  of  his 

own,  BaP^  due 190  94 

3.  Eliphalet  Dewey'   also  assigned-  by  D°        307  40 

4.  Bond  and  Contract  of  Jonathan  ]^ew- 

man 286  00 

5.  D°  D^ofW^Stoel 1200  00 

6.  Jn°  M.  Hughes  note  for  $75  00 


7.  His  Bond  and  Contract  for    403  25  j  ^"^^  ^^ 

8.  Thom^  Culley^  Bond  and  Contract  for  257  00 

9.  Eliphalet  Dewy^  D° 176  00 

10.  Joseph  Crafts       D°  28156 

11.  Thom'  Loomis  note  for  is  discharged  ..  400  00 

12.  Ab'"  Lippif  Bond  &  Mortgage  for  492  71 

13.  D°      D°          l^otefor 335  05 

14.  Sam'  &  Amasa  Short^  Bond  &  Contract  813  12 

15.  John  Cummings         D°          D° 839  56 

16.  D°       D«                       Note  for 15  00 

17.  Jn°  Davison^  Bond  and  Contract  Ball-^^  97  50 

18.  Nathan  Pierson'  Bond  and  Contract ...  244  25 

19.  James  BrownelP  D°              D° 203  50 

20.  Isaac  Barn'           D°              D° 403  50 

21.  Asenath  JewelP  D"              D° 658  75 

Amount  carried  forward, 17887  61 

23 


178  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

Amount  brought  forward, $7887  61 

22.  W""  Cumraing'   Mortgage  and  Bond...         519  00 

D°  a  ISTote  assigned  over  by  George 

Pearsons  &  C°  62  50 

23.  Assa  Smith^  Bond  &  Mortgage  2830  00 

24.  Thomas  Eobinson'  Bond  &  Agreement  544  00 

25.  D°           D°               D°          D° 478  75 

26.  W"^  Johnston^  Bond  and  Mortgage 332  50 

27.  Six  Shares  in  the  Western  Canal  1500  00 

28.  Fifty  Shares  in  the  extended  Western 

Turnpike    1250  00 

29.  Land  vacant,  estimated  at  100  Acres, 

supposed  to  be  worth  $250 250  00 

30.  Cataloge  of  Books,  deposided  at  the 

College  at  Schenectady,  the  original 
is  filed  in  the  Surogates  ofiice. 

$15,591  84 
1805,  Jan^  10*''  A  mistake  has  been  dis- 
covered in  the  bond  of  Thom^  Cul- 
ley,  marked  ]Sr°  2,  which  had  been 
overcharged  in  the  Schedule  of  21  11 


$15,612  95 

Jer.  V  Rensselaer 
John  G.  Knaufe       >|  ^^^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^ 
Martin  Hebeyzen 
Christopher  Eubey 


r     Lutheran  Church 


DOCUMENTARY     IIISTOllY.  179 


An  Act  directing  the  Incorporation  of  the  IIart- 
wiCK  Seminary. 

Passed  April  17,  1816. 

WHEREAS    the   reverend   John    C.    Ilartwicke, 
deceased,  by  his  last  will  and  testament,  hath  devised 
a  considerable  estate,  for  the  endowment  of  a  literary 
and  theological  seminary,  to  be  established  within  the 
bounds  of  a  tract  of  land  whereof  he  died  seised,  situ- 
ate in  the  town  of  Hartwick,  in  the  county  of  Otsego  : 
And  ichereas  one  of  the  declared  objects  of  the  said 
testator,  was  to  promote  the  education  of  pious  young 
men,  for  the  gospel  ministry  in  the  Lutheran  church, 
whereof  he  was  a  member :   And  whereas  John    G. 
KnaufF,  the  present  trustee  of  the  said  estate,  hath,  by 
his   petition  to  the  legislature,   represented,   that  he 
hath  erected  a  commodious  building  for  the  use  of  the 
said  seminary,   on    the   said  tract  of  land,   and   hath 
employed  a  respectable  Lutheran  minister,  of  compe- 
tent talents  and  learning,  who  has  taken  upon  himself 
the  charge  of  conducting  the  said  seminary,  and  that 
the  said  seminary  is  now  in  a  flourishing  situation,  and 
that  he,  together  with  the  reverend  synod  of  the  Lu- 
theran   church,    agreeably   to   the   intentions    of  the 
testator,  have  agreed  upon  the  plan  hereinafter  men- 
tioned,  for  the  incorporation   of  the    said   seminary, 
and  hath  prayed  the  legislature  to  pass  an  act  author- 
izing  and  directing  the  regents  of  the    university  of 
this  state,  to  grant  to  the  persons  herein  after^named, 
a  charter  for   incorporating  the  said  seminary,  by  the 
name  of  "The  Hartwick  Seminary,"  according  to  the 
said  plan  :  Therefore, 


180  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

I.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  ixople  of  the  state  of  New  York, 
represented  in  senate  and  assembly,  That  the  regents  of 
the  university  of  this  state,  be  and  they  are  hereby 
authorized  and  directed  to  grant  a  charter  of  incorpo- 
ration to  the  aforesaid  seminar}^,  by  the  aforesaid  name 
and  style,  subject  to  their  visitation,  and  in  the  usual 
form  of  their  charters,  except  that  the  principal  of  the 
said  seminary  shall  always  be  a  Lutheran  minister, 
of  good  standing,  and  that  a  majority  of  the  trustees 
shall  always  be  Lutheran  clergymen  and  laymen, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be,  in  addition  to  the  other 
branches  of  education  to  be  taught  in  the  said  semi- 
nary, to  teach  candidates  for  the  gospel  ministry,  in 
the  said  seminary,  a  regular  system  of  theology. 

II.  And  beit farther  enacted,  That  the  reverend  Frede- 
rick H.  Quitman,  of  Rhinebeck;  the  reverend  Henry 
Moeller  of  Sharon  ;  the  reverend  Augustus  "Wacker- 
hagen,  of  Schoharie;  the  reverend  Frederick  G. 
Meyer,  of  Albany;  Mr.  Leonard  Fisher,  of  the  city 
of  ISTew  York ;  William  C.  Bouck,  of  Schoharie ; 
Daniel  Simmons,  of  Brunswick,  in  the  county  of 
Rensselaer ;  Philip  Talbert,  of  Albany,  and  the  rever- 
end Daniel  Nash,  N"athan  Davison,  Samuel  Crafts  and 
Thomas  Loomis,  of  the  said  town  of  Hartwick,  shall 
be  the  first  trustees  of  the  said  seminary:  And  that 
whenever  the  said  seminary  shall  be  incorporated  as 
aforesaid,  the  said  John  G.  Knaulf,  shall,  under  and 
by  direction  of  the  chancellor,  assign,  convey  and 
deliver  to  the  trustees  thereof,  all  the  real  and  personal 
estate  which  is  vested  in  him  as  trustee,  by  virtue  of  the 
aforesaid  will,  after  retaining  in  his  hands  such  sum  or 
sums  of  money,  as  the  chancellor  shall  allow  for  his 
reasonable  services,  costs,  charges  and  expenditures, 
in    and    about   the   execution   of  his  said  trust ;   and 


DOCUMENTAEY    HISTORY.  181 

tlmt  tlicrcu[)on  the  said  John  G.  Kiuiufi'  shall  be  exo- 
nerated and  discharged  from  the  said  trust. 

III.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  it  shall  be  lawful 
for  the  trustees  of  the  aforesaid  academy,  to  call  the 
executors  and  trustees  of  the  said  John  C.  Hartwicke, 
deceased,  to  account  in  any  court  having  cognizance 
thereof,  for  the  sale  and  proceeds  of  any  portion  of 
the  real  or  personal  estate  of  the  said  deceased,  which 
may  have  come  to  their  hands. 


An  Act  to  enable  the  Trustees  of  the  IIartwick 
Seminary  to  sell  and  convey  Real  Estate. 

Passed  April  5,  1817. 

WHEREAS  the  trustees  of  the  Hartwick  Seminary, 
.situate  in  the  town  of  Hartwick,  in  the  county  of 
Otsego,  have,  by  their  petition,  represented,  that  they 
own  and  are  in  possession  of  certain  lands  and  tene- 
ments, situate  in  the  state  of  ISTew  York,  and  that  the 
interest  of  said  institution  might  be  promoted  by  a 
sale  thereof,  which  they  are  not  empowered  to  make  — 
Therefore, 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  people  of  the  state  of  New  York, 
represented  in  senate  and  assembly,  That  it  shall  and 
may  be  lawful  for  the  trustees  of  the  Hartwick  Semin- 
ary to  sell,  dispose  of  and  convey,  in  fee  simple,  all 
lands  and  tenements  which  have  or  may  come  to  their 
possession,  except  the  lot  of  land  situate  in  said  town 
of  Hartwick,  on  which  the  buildings  of  said  seminary 
are  erected,  and  to  loan  the  amount  of  the  considera- 
tion money,  which  they  may  from  time  to  time 
receive  therefor,  on  real  security  of  at  least  double  the 
value  of  the  loans,  exclusive  of  improvements  thereon. 


182  DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY. 

01*  to  vest  the  same  in  pnl)lic  stock,  as  they  shall  deem 
most  advantageous  to  the  said  seminary  :  Provided 
always,  that  it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  the  said  trustees 
to  expend  the  principal  sum  or  sums  which  may  arise 
from  such  sales. 

Schedule  of  Property  1816. 
A  Schedule  of  the  'property  remaining  of  the  Reif^  John  C. 
Hartwick  deceased  in  the  hands  of  the  Executor  of  the 
late  Executor  JoJm  G.  Knauff. 

Principal  sums 
No.  &,  valimtious 

1.  Timothy   Bushing    Jun""   Mortgage    & 

Bond,  dated  23  June,  1807, $300  00 

2.  Elkanah    Watson    D°       D°       D°      17 

Aug' 1809  Ballance  due 1728  14 

3.  Thomas  Robison's   Bond  &  Contract, 

May  1803,  Ballance  due 369  57 

4.  Peter  Augur  Juu''  &  Edward  B.  Augur, 

Mortgage   &   Bond,    dated  2"^  Nov"^ 
1811,"BalP''  due 187  81 

5.  Salomon    Comstock's   Bond    &    Mort- 

gage, 20.  Feb-^  1811.  Ballance  due...         180  58 

6.  Sturghi   Sloan,  D°  &  D°  2.^  July   1813.         500  00 

7.  John  Wheeler's  Bond  &  Mortgage,  29 

DecM 813.  Ballance  due 490  00 

8.  Eliphalet    Dewey,   D"     D°     29    Dec^' 

1813 600  00 

9.  D°  T>^         a   Note,  24  July  1815  31     2 

10.  John    Stilwell,    Bond  &   Mortgage   2'' 

Dec-- 1813  Ballance  due 1680  00 

11.  David  Odell     D°     D°      13Decn813..       2000  00 

12.  John  Stearns  D°      D°       1  Aug'  1814       1000  00 

Amount  carried  forward, $9067  12 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  183 

Amount  brought  forward, $9067  12 

13.  Samuel    Crafts   Bond    and    Mortgage 

14  July  1814  \..       1000  00 

15.  Thom^  Culicy's  Bond  &  Mortgage,  23 

Ocf^  1815 950  00 

16.  Loaned  to  Brown  Smith  &  others,  for 

which  the  Company  of  the  2'^  West- 
ern Turnpike  is  responsible,  the  17 
Sept^l814 100  00 

17.  Eighteen  Shares  of  the  Western  Canal       1500  00 

18.  Fifty  Shares  in  the  2'' Western  Turnpike       1250  00 

19.  A  deed  of  Lot  'N"  106  in  the  Village  of 

Greenbush 500  00 

20.  Land  vacant,    estimated  at  100  acres, 

worth  about 250  00 

21.  Fifty   acres   of  land,    heretofore    sold 

under  articles  of  Agreement  to 
James  Brownell,  and  vacated  by 
him,  worth  about 420  00 

22.  Two  hundred  &  thirty  eight  acres  and 

three  quarters  of  land  heretofore 
sold  under  Articles  of  Agreement 
to  John  Cumming,  and  ready  to  re- 
enter worth 1721  00 

23.  One   hundred    &   twenty   six  acres  of 

land   heretofore  sold   under  agree- 
•    ments  to  Thomas  Robison  and  re- 
entered, worth  about 600  00 

24.  Five  Acres    of  Land  whereon   Hart- 

wicks  Seminary  is  established,  and 
is  laid  out  into  building  lots,  worth 
about 500  00 

Amount  carried  forward, |17858  12 


184  DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY. 

Amount  brought  forward, |17858  12 

25.  The  Building  erected  on  the  aforesaid 

lot    with    the    appurtenances,    first 

cost. 4275  00 

26.  A  Bell  for  the  Seminary  cost 175  75 

27.  A  Rope  for  Do.  Cost 4  25 

28.  A  Screw  puller  for  Do 1  00 

29.  A  Stove&pipes. 20  98 

30.  A  Trunck  containing  Hartwicks  papers  2  50 

31.  Subscriptions  towards  the  erection  of 

the  Building.  Ballance  due 175  50 

32.  One  hundred  acres  of  land,  Leased  by 

the  Rev**  John  C.  Hartwick  to  Eze- 
kiel  Newman,  lately  discovered, 
apprised  to  850  00 

34.  One  hundred  acres  of  land  leased  by  D° 

to  Jonathan  Newman,  lately  dis- 
covered, worth  about 1000  00 

35.  Three  Books  of  Accounts  &  Records 

36.  A  Map  of  the  patent 

37.  The  division  Deed  &c: 

39.  A  Contract  with  Samuel  Crafts  for  the 
erection  of  a  brick  dwelling  house 
for  the  principal.  2507  23 

$26870  31 


I  John  G.  KuaufF  do  hereby  certify  that  the  pro- 
perty &  Estate  specified  in  the  foregoing  Inventory  & 
the  Deeds,  papers,  vouchers  &  securities  also  therein 
specified,  is  the  whole  Estate,  deeds,  papers,  vouchers 
&  securities  which  are  vested  in  me  as  trustee  of 
Hartwicke's  Estate  for  the  endowment  of  the  Hart- 


DOCUMENTARY     HISTORY.  185 

wicke  Seminary  according  to  the  best  of  my  know- 
ledge and  which  has  come  to  my  hands  —  Sept.  5, 
1816. 

John  G.  Knauff. 
In  presence  of 
Henry  Loucks. 


Schedule  of  Property  1817. 

A  Schedule   of  the   propertij    belonging    to   the   estate   of 
the  Rev.  John  C.  Hartwick  Dee'''  August  26''^  1817. 

Timothy  Bushings  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 
June  23''  1807.  Balance  due  23''  June 
1817 $317  00 

Elkana  Watson  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  17* 

Aug.  1809.     Due  17  Aug.,  1817 900  00 

Thomas    Robison'  Bond  &  Contract  Dated 

2"  May  1803,  due  2  May  1817 400  00 

Peter  Augur  Jun'^  &  Edward  B.  Auger 
Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  2''  N°"  18H, 
due  2  E""   1817  188  20 

Solomon  Comstock  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 

20*"  Feb-^  1811,  due  20*  1818.. r. 173  16 

Sturgin  Sloan  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  2'' 

July  1813,  due  2^  July  1817 535  00 


John  Wheeler  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  29 

D^''  1813,  due  29"»  1817 paid 

Eliphalet  Dewey,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 

29th  j)ec  1813^  ^^Q  29''^  D^-^  1817 650  63 

John    Still  well,    Bond  &  Mortgage    Dated 

2"  D'^'^  1813,  due  2  d'^'^  1817 1314  13 

Amount  carried  forward, $4478  12 

24 


186  DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY. 

Amount  brought  forward, $4478  12 

John  Stearns,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  1 

Aug.  1814,  due  1  Aug  1817 1000  00 

Samuel  Crafts,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  14'*^ 

July  1814,  due  14*1817 1070  00 

Thomas  Culleys,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 

23''  O''  1815,  due  2  N°^  1817 1070  00 

John  Bouck  &  Adam  Bouck  Bond  &  Mort- 
gage Dated  S^  June  1817 700  00 

John  Frymire  Ju''  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 

24  M.  1817 200  00 

Henericus  Becker,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated 

S-i  July  1817 600  00 

Jacob  Feeck,  Bond  &  Mortgage  Dated  18* 

June  1817 400  00 

Joseph  Borst  Ju'"  &  Harmanus  Becker^,  note 

Dated  2S'  Sep'  1816 400  00 

Joseph  Borst  Ju''  &  Harmanus  Becker^,  note 

Dated  Jan^"  12*  1817 400  00 

Abraham  Hains  J^ote  Dated  6*  June  1817         50  00 

A  Receipt  for  which  the  president  and 
Directors  of  the  S'^  Great  western  Turn- 
pike are  Responsible,  Dated  June  13* 
1816  100  00 

Eighteen    Shares    in    the    western   Inland 

Lock  navigation  Company 1500   00 

Fifty  Shares,  in  the  S"*  Great  Western  Tur° 

company 1250  00 

A  Lot  of  Laud  containing  238f  Acres  here- 
tofore sold  by  articles  of  Agreement  to 
Jon"  Gumming  and  ready  to  reenter 
Dated  2'^  March  1801  due  2'  March  1817     1591  44 

Amount  carried  forward, , $14809  56 


DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY.  187 

Amount  brought  forward, $14809  56 

One  Hundred  Acres  Leased  to  Ezekial 
Newman  Subject  to  an  Annual  rent  of 
20  Bu^'^  wbeat  since  the  year  1798,  Sup- 
posed to  be  worth 850  00 

Fifty  Acres  of  Land,  sold  by  Articles  of 
Agreement  to  James  Brownell  &  by 
him  Vacated 500  00 

Thirty  Aci^s  commonly  calP    the    School 

House  Lot  Sopposed  to  be  worth 450  00 

One  Hundred  Acres  Leased  to  Jonathan 
!N"ewmau  and  subject  to  the  rent  of 
20  Bushels  of  wheat  Annually,  from 
and  after  one  year  subsequent  to  the 
death  of  the  said  Newman  One  Hun- 
dred &  twenty  six  Acres,  sold  by  arti- 
cles of  Agreement  to  Tho^  Robison,  by 
him  Vacated,  and  reenter''  by  D°°  Knauff 
Supposed  to  be  worth  6'^"'  acre 756  00 

A  House  and  Lot  in  Greenbush,  subject  an 
unexpired  Lease  of  Ten  Years,  an  anual 
rent  of  $35,  Supposed  to  be  worth 500  00 

A  House  and  Lot  in  the  city  of  Albany, 

purchased  from  D°°  Knauff  for  1800  00 

John  G.  Knauff^  note 100  00 

$19765  56 


188  DOCUMENTARY    HISTORY. 


Recapitulation,  viz : 

The   Bonds    mortgages   notes  &  Receipts 

amount  to $10568  12 

deduct  the  probable  expenditure 1200  00 

$9368  12 

7 

Annual  Revenue $655  76-84 

Canal  Stock  probably  4|  P  Cent $1,500  00 

$60  00 

7  50 

Revenue $67  50 

Turnpike   Stock,  4  P  C  $1,250  00 

4 

Revenue $50  00 

Probable  Value  of  the  real  Estate  as  esti- 
mated     $6,447  44 

Probable  Value  of  Turnpike  Stock 1,250  00 

"  "         Canal  Stock 1,500  00 

Bonds  mortgages  notes  &  Receipt 10,568  12 

whole  amount $19,765  56 

Annual  Revenue. 

Bonds  mortgages  &c $655  76 

Canal  Stock 67  50 

Turnpike  Stock 50  00 

$773  26 


FACULTY  OF  IIARTWICK  SEMINARY. 

Principals. 
REV.  ERNST  LEWIS  HAZELIUS,  D.D.  — 1815  to  1830. 

"      GEORGE  B  MILLER,  D.  D.— 18:50  to  1839. 
[  Interruption  of  one  year  for  constructing  the  wings.] 
REV.  WILLIAM  D.  STROBEL,  D.  D.— 1840  to  1844. 
"       HENRY  I.  SCHMIDT,  D.  D.— 1844  to  1848. 
GEORGE  B.  MILLER,  D.  D.— 1848  to  1850. 
"       LEVI  STERNBERG,  D.  D.— 1851  to  18G4. 
"       WILLIAM  N.  SCHOLL,  D.  D.— 1865  to  18G7. 

Professor  of  Theology. 
REV.  GEORGE  B.  MILLER,  D.  D.— 1844  to  1867. 

Assistants. 
JOHN  A.  QUITMAN.  HENRY  N.  POHLMAN. 

JACOB  SENDERLING.  JACOB  BERGER. 

H.  HAYUNGA.  GEORGE  B.  MILLER. 

C.  B.  HUEMMEL.  H.  I.  SCHMIDT. 

LEVI  STERNBERG.  GEORGE  NEFF. 

GEORGE  HiVZELIUS  MILLER.    WILLIAM  SNYDER. 
JOHN  CRAFTS.  M.  M.  CLARK. 

ADA3I  MARTIN.  JOHN  B.  STEELE. 

[In  October,  1851,  a  Department  for  Females  was  added.] 
Teachers. 
MISS  CHARLOTTE  M.  MILLER.    MISS  MARY  WATERS. 
MISS  M.  M.  CLARK. 

Trustees. 
REV.  GEORGE  A.  LINTNER,  D.  D. 
HON.  SAMUEL  NELSON. 
REV.  WILLIAM  D.  STROBEL,  D.  D. 

"      HENRY  N.  POHLMAN,  D.  D. 

"      JACOB  SENDERLING. 
HON.  H.  H.  VAN  DYCK. 
REV.  PHILIP  WEITING. 
HON.  LYMAN  SANDFORD. 
REV.  ANDREW  WETZEL. 
A.  F.  OCKERSHAUSEN,  Esq. 
REV.  WILLIAM  N.  SCHOLL,  D.  D. 
GEORGE  GOERTNER,  Esq. 


NOTE  EXPLANATORY  AND  APOLOGETIC. 

It  is  proper  to  state  tliat  my  name  was  attached  to  tlie  biographi- 
cal sketch  of  Dr.  Hazelius  without  my  loiowledge.  I  wrote  only 
the  latter  part  of  the  article.  For  the  main  portion,  the  reader  is 
indebted  to  Professor  Stoever,  of  Gettysburg,  who  published  it  se- 
veral years  ago  in  the  Evangelical  Heview,  and  kindly  authorized  me 
to  make  what  use  of  it  I  pleased  ia  preparing  the  sketch  for  the 
Memorial  volume.  Acknowledgments  are  also  due  to  Mr.  Adel- 
berg,  of  Albany,  who  furnished  some  of  the  leading  facts. 

C.  A.  S. 


INDEX. 


A.CT  incorporating  seminary,  179;  to  enable  trustees  to  sell  land, 
181. 

AiMherg,  Rev.  R.,  190;  describes  golden  wedding,  99;  on  commit- 
tee to  publish  Memorial  volume,  5. 

Alhaiii/,  Ilartwick  missionary  at,  11,  158;  his  burial  in,  30,  150, 153; 
Rev.  A.  T.  Braun,  pastor  of  Lutheran  church  at,  33;  he  pro- 
vides for  a  Lutheran  minister  at,  159. 

AUentown,  birth-place  of  Dr.  MUler,  73. 

Alumni  association,  meeting  of,  1., 

Anabaptists,  unbaptized,  11,  158. 

ATicrmn,  Hartwick  attempts  to  build  a  church  at,  13. 

Andrews,  John,  161. 

Angel, ,  40. 

Anniversary,  semi-centennial,  when  held,  1. 

Augsburg  Confession,  Dr.  Hazelius's  views  of,  57,  58,  59. 

Augur,  Peter  and  Edward  B.,  their  mortgage,  183, 185. 

BaNYAR,  Goldsborough,  113, 137, 148. 

Banyer,  Godfrey,  35. 

Barn,  Isaac,  his  bond,  177. 

Becker,  Harmanus,  his  note,  186. 

Becker,  Henricus,  his  ntortgage,  180. 

Berger,  Jacob,  professor  in  seminary,  189. 

Books  deposited  at  Schenectady,  178. 

Borst,  Joseph,  Jr.,  his  note,  186. 

Bouck,  John  and  Adam,  their  mortgage,  186. 

Bouck,  William  C,  treasurer,  39 ;  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Bratt,  Arend,  16, 118. 

Braun,  Rev.  A.  T.,  176;  pastor  of  Lutheran  church  at  Albany,  33; 

removed  to  Schoharie,  34. 
Bray,  Huldah  C,  marries  Dr.  Hazelius,  53. 


192  INDEX. 

BrincJcerhoff,  Dirck,  136, 137,  144,  145,  146, 147. 
Brown,  Smith  and  others,  loan  to,  183. 
Brownell,  James,  his  bond,  177,  187 ;  vacates  his  land,  183. 
Buermeyer,  Mr.,  104. 
Bu?nppo,  Natty,  86. 

Bwrggraves,  recommended  bj^  Hartwick,  124,  125. 
Burr,  Aaron,  his  opinion  on  tlie  legahty  of  the  location  of  the  semi- 
nary, 34 ;  at  Dr.  Miller's,  96. 
Busldng,  Timothy,  Jr.,  his  mortgage,  182, 185. 

Camp  JOHNSON,  guard  at,  advised  by  Hartwick,  124. 

Campbells  of  Cooperstown,  92. 

Cants,  George,  115,  116. 

Canajoharie,  upper  castle  of  Mohawks  at,  14,  108,  129 ;  sachems  and 

owners  of,  15;  Indian   petition,  17;    Dr.  Miller  teaches  at,  74; 

letter  to  Mohawks  of,  127. 
CaragMahtatti,  Nicholas,  16,  120. 
Cauglmawagas,  same  blood  as  Mohawks,  128. 
Chambers,  .John,  115,  117. 
Cluipel,  diagram  of,  91. 
Clark,  George,  his  residence,  85,  88. 
Clark,  Jerome,  88. 

Clark,  M.  M.,  teacher,  seminary,  189. 
Clarke,  148. 

Clement,  Elizabeth,  nurse  of  Hartwick,  120. 
CUment,  William,  30,  161,  170. 
Clermont,  Hartwick  dies  at,  32. 
Clinton,  Geo.,  licenses  Hartwick  to  purchase  land  of  Indians,  110, 

135,  136,  137,  138  ;  his  autograph.  111. 
Colden,  Alexander,  124. 
Colden,  Cadwallader,  111,  121, 124, 134,  137. 
College  of  New  Jersey,  call  of  Dr.  Hazelius,  57. 
Columbia  College  confer  degree  upon  Dr.  Hazelius,  57. 
Comstock,  Salomon,  his  mortgage,  182,  185. 
Conningham,  William,  120. 

Cooper,  Elizabeth,  has  a  share  in  Hartwick's  patent,  25. 
Cooper,  Fenimore,  86. 
Cooper,  William,  Hartwick's  agent,  25. 
Coopers  of  Cooperstown,  92. 
Cooperstown,  [Livermore's]  history  of,  9;   proximity  of  Hartwick's 

patent  to,  25;    lake  excursions,  85;  competes  for   location  of 

seminary,  34. 


INDEX.'  193 

(Jox,  John,  .account  of  ITiirtwick's  dcalli,  148. 
Crafts,  John,  professor  in  scniinury,  189. 
Crafts,  Joscpli,  his  bond,  177. 

Crafts,  Samuel,  superintends  building  of  seminary,  36 ;  trustee  of 
seminary,  180 ;  contracts  to  erect  dwelling,  184 ;  his  mortgage,  ISO- 
Crounse,  Dr.,  tiddresscs  Philophroncan  society,  1. 
Culkys,  Thomas,  his  mortgage,  177,  178,  18;},  18(;. 
Cumming,  John,  177,  183,  180. 
Cumming,  William,  177,  178. 
Curriculum  Vita?  of  Ilartwick,  157. 

DaRGHIORES,  WiUielm,  15, 118, 119. 

Daroghionka,  Ruth,  10,  120. 

David,  120, 121. 

Dai-ison,  C'ark,  plants  maples,  91. 

Davison,  John,  his  bond,  177. 

Damson,  Nathan,  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

De  Lancey,  James,  112, 121,  123, 134,  137. 

Deicey,  Eliphalct,  his  mortgage,  177,  182, 185. 

De  Witt,  John,  10,  121,  123,  135,  138,  139. 

Doctor's  farm,  94. 

Dutchess  county,  Hartwick  missionary  at,  11. 

East  camp,  Hartwick  pastor  at,  13 ;  buried  at,  149. 

Ebenezer  church,  Albanj^  30 ;  Hartwick  buried  in,  32 ;  claim  transfer 

of  his  estate,  34;  begins  to  build  seminary,  35;  materials  ordered 

to  be  sold,  30 ;  see  Lutheran  church  at. 
Echo  on  Otsego  lake,  85. 
Eichelherger,  Dr.,  50. 
Eisenlard,  Rev.  John,  40. 
Elizaietha,  vulgarly  spoken  Elsy,  161. 
Elmcndorf,  Peter  Edmund,  176. 
English,  Rev.  John  D.,  103. 

Ernst,  Rev.  John  Frederick,  149, 170 ;  sent  to  Hartwick  to  preach,  33. 
Estate  of  Hartwick  remaining  in  1801,  177;  ditto  in  1810,  182;  do. 

in  1817,  185 ;  do.  in  1866,  39. 
Evangeliccd  Magazine,  notice  of  Hartwick,  22. 
Evangelical  Review,  sketch  of  Dr.  Hazelius  in,  190. 
Ewcdd,  Carl,  121,  123,  134,  137,  139, 140,  143,  145,  146, 147. 

Jb  EECK,  Jacob,  his  mortgage,  186. 
Female  department  in  seminary,  189. 

■   25 


194  INDEX. 

i=l'n-rt?,  Mattliow,  IIT. 

Fisher,  Leonard,  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Fort  Plain,  83,  84. 

Frederick,  Hartwick  at,  10,  20. 

FreUngJmynen,  Rev.  Theodorus,  121,  123,  134, 137,  140 ;  died,  135, 139  ; 

lias  an  interest  in  Hartwick's  patent,  35. 
Fry,  surveyor,  114. 
Frymire,  John,  Jr.,  liis  mortgage,  186. 
Funds,  condition  of,  39. 

Gaff,  WilHam,  109. 

Gardiner,  James,  123, 139. 

George  II,  Indian  petition  to,  for  Hartwick's  patent,  17,  18. 

German  Valley,  call  to  Dr.  Hazelius,  52. 

Gettysburg,  Dr.  Hazelius  called  to,  74. 

Glaser,  Valentinus,  159. 

Goertner,  George,  trustee  in  seminary,  189  ;  family,  83. 

Goertner,  Rev.  N.  W.  favors  Memorial  volume,  5. 

GoeiscMus,  Jolian  Maurice,  121, 123, 134, 137,  140,  144,  145,  146,  147. 

Great  Western  Turnpike  Co.,  178, 183, 186, 188;  stock  worthless,  39. 

Greenhush  lot,  183, 187. 

Gymnasium  Evangelicnm  Ministcriale,  155,  162. 

XXAINS,  Al)raham,  his  note,  186. 

HalliscJie  Nachrichten,  contains  account  of  Hartwick,  11. 

Hartwick,  Christianus,  commits  suicide,  9. 

Hartwick,  John  Christopher,  founder  of  the  seminary,  8;  his 
tombstone,  8,  152;  death,  9,  33,  148,149;  pastor  of  Lutheran 
church  at  Frederick,  Md.,  10,  30;  chaplain  of  a  German  regi- 
ment, 10 ;  a  missiouarj'^  to  the  palatines  of  Albany  and  Dutchess 
counties,  11  ;  received  calls  to  several  states,  11 ;  pastor  at  New 
Germantown  and  Pluckamin,  11 ;  assists  to  inaugurate  tirst 
Lutheran  sj'uodin  Philadelphia,  11;  preaches  ordination  sermon 
of  Dr.  Kurtz,  13;  dedicates  Old  Swamp  church,  New  York,  12; 
accepts  a  call  to  New  York,  12;  removed  to  Rhinebeck,  13; 
endeavors  to  build  a  church  at  Ancram,  13 ;  his  eccentricities,  14 ; 
becomes  acquainted  with  the  Indians,  14 ;  purchases  a  tract  of 
land,  14,  15 ;  boundaries  of  tract,  16  ;  petitions  George  II,  17  ; 
his  letter  of  condolence  to  the  Indians,  17;  scheme  for  the 
defense  of  the  frontier,  18;  serves  the  congregation  of  Trapjie, 
30 ;  preaches  at  Philadelphia,  20 ;  at  Winchester,  Va.,  31 ;  at 
Boston,  31;  at  Waldoborough,  21;  his  wanderings,  31,  23; 
aversion  to  females,  21 ;  commences  a  colony  on  his  tract,  23 ; 


INDEX.  195 

JIitrdc/H- — Coutimied. 

conditions  of  leases  to  tenants,  24;  amount  of  property  owned 
by  him,  34;  appoints  Wm.  Cooper  his  agent,  25;  loses  his  lands 
thereby,  20 ;  makes  his  will,  20 ;  adds  a  codicil,  27 ;  dies  at  Cler- 
mont, !),  ;J2,  148,  149 ;  is  buried  at  East  Camp,  32 ;  is  removed  to 
All)any,  32;  amount  of  property  saved,  35;  copy  of  first  Indian 
deed  to,  108;  obtains  license  to  purchas(!  land  of  Indians,  110; 
petitions  for  further  license  to  purchase  24,000  acres,  112;  com- 
mittee report  on  petition  of,  110;  obtains  a  valid  deed  of 
Indians,  117;  petitions  governor  for  a  patent,  121,  134;  return  of 
a  survej'  for  21,500  acres,  123;  letter  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 
recommending  burggraves  on  frontier,  124,  125 ;  letter  to  the 
Mohawks,  in  condolence  of  death  of  Ilendrik,  127;  patent 
issued  to,  187 ;  letters  on  death  of,  148,  149 ;  buried  at  East  Camp, 
149;  reinterred  at  Albau}-,  30,150,  153;  last  will,  154;  bequeaths 
land  to  his  nurse,  170;  schedule  of  his  property  remaining  in 
1801,  177;  ditto  1816,  182;  do.  in  1817,  185;  do.  in  18CG,  39. 

JIartwick,  town  of,  156 ;  to  be  laid  out,  29 ;  seminary  begun  at,  36  ; 
oiwned,  37  ;  first  theological  seminary  in  the  state,  38  ;  chartered, 
38  ;  and  its  surroundings,  81. 

Harticifj,  Andreas,  159. 

Ilayunga,  Rev.  H.,  189. 

Hazeliiis,  Rev.  'Ernst  Lewis,  2  ;  first  principal  of  seminar^^  37,  189 ; 
biographical  sketch  of,  48, 190 ;  birth-place,  48 ;  called  to  Naza- 
reth, 51 ;  taught  at  Philadelphia,  52  ;  call  to  German  Valle3'-,.52 ; 
called  to  Spruce  Run,  52;  marriage,  53;  degrees  conferred  upon, 
57  ;  call  to  Xew  Jersev  college,  57 ;  his  views  of  Augsburg  Con- 
fession, 57-59;  call  of  Lafayette  College,  57. 

Ilazelius,  Eric  and  Christiana,  48. 

Heathen,  red  and  black,  how  to  be  governed,  29  ;  authors  prohibited,  29. 

Hebeysen,  Martin,  trustee  of  Lutheran  church,  176,  178. 

Iledenhergh,  Abraham,  100. 

Helmutli,  Rev.  Henry,  155,  172;  one  of  Hartwick's  curators,  29,  32. 

Ilendrik,  130;  killed,  17;  letter  of  condolence  on  death  of,  127. 

JJiUci',  Rev.  A.,  100. 

Uilkr,  ^Irs.  H.,  poem  on  golden  wedding,  100;  her  sketch  of  Dr. 
toiler,  71. 

mttner,  George,  121,  123,  134,  137,  139, 140,  143,  145,  146, 147. 

Jlodscfd,  Rev.  Mr.,  158. 

Ifidl,  Rev.  Mr.,  poem  of,  42. 

Wi-sbdiids,  .Joseph  Dottin,  Esq.,  allusion  to,  88,  89. 

Husbands,  Hon.  J.  D.,  addresses  alumni,  1 ;  advocates  Memorial 
volume,  5;  on  committee  to  publish,  5. 


196  INDEX. 

Indian  deed  to  Ilartwick,  14, 15, 108, 118 ;    petition  to  George  II, 

iu  belialf  of  Ilartwick,  139. 
Indian  traders,  157. 

Jamison,  wmiam,  133, 139. 

Jewell,  Asenatli,  liis  bond,  177. 
Johannis,  108, 109. 

Johnson,  Sir  Wm.,  affidavit  concerning  lands  purchased  by  Hartwiclv, 
113,  131 ;  allusions  to,  17,  130. 

KePPELL,  Ilendrick,  131, 133,  134, 137,  139,  140,  143,  145, 14G,  147 

Kirhy,  Billy,  86, 87. 

Knaujf,  John  6.,  succeeds  Jeremiah  Van  Rensselaer  as  executor  of 
Hartwick's  estate,  36 ;  transfers  estate  to  trustees,  38 ;  trustee  of 
Lutheran  church,  176,  178,  179 ;  trustee  of  seminary,  180, 183, 
184 ;  sells  his  house  and  lot  to  seminary,  187. 

KuM,  Marcus,  131, 133,  134, 137,  139, 140,  145, 146,  147. 

Kunze,  Rev.  J.  C,  153,  155,  176  ;  died,  36;  one  of  Hartwick's  cura- 
tors, 39 ;  appointed  literary  director,  33 ;  favors  the  location  of 
Hartwick  Seminary  at  Rhinebeck,  34;  refuses  to  join  in  petition 
for  charter,  35 ;  senior  of  Lutheran  clergy  in  New  York,  173 ; 
died,  36. 

Kurtz,  Rev.  J.  C,  ordained,  13;  charge  to  Dr.  Hazelius,  53. 

Lafayette  CoUege  calls  Dr.  Hazellus,  57. 

Lake  Erie,  guard  at,  advised  by  Ilartwick,  134. 

Lansing,  Abraham  G.,  166,  167,  168,  169. 

Lansing,  Elsy,  161. 

Lansing,  Jacob  Ja^* .  165, 166. 

Lansing,  Jacob  G.,  165. 

Lebanon,  Dr.  Miller  teaches  at,  73. 

Ixffarts,  Derick,  35. 

Lintner,  Rev.  George  A.,  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

Lippit,  Abraham,  his  bond,  177. 

Livingston,  John  R.,  165;  Ilartwick  dies  at  his  house,  31,  33, 149. 

Livingston,  R.  R.,  account  of  Hartwick's  death,  148. 

Livingstons,  friends  of  Hartwick,  33. 

Looinis,  A.  W.,  40. 

Loomis,  Thomas,  his  note  discharged,  177;  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Loucks,  Henry,  39,  185. 

Ltish,  Richard,  170. 


1  N  IJ  E  X  .  1 1)  7 

LtitherdH,  EIk'hc/xt  I'liun-h,  llurtwick  hiiricd  in,  -JO,  150,  153;  agree- 
ment of  trustees  to  assume  llarlwick's  legacy,  171.  Sec  Ebene- 
zer  church. 

MciIAKG,  C.  K.,  106. 

Maine,  Ilartwick  in,  31. 

Martin,  Adam,  professor  in  seminary,  189. 

Mart/laml,  Hartwiek  called  to,  11,  20,  158. 

Mayer,  Frederick  G.,  40,  131, 133, 134, 137,  130,  140, 143,  145, 140, 147 ; 

trustee  of  seminary,  180. 
Memorial  vokime,  suggested  by  Dr.    Strobel,  4;  alumni  resolve  to 

publish,  5. 
Milford,  line  of  Ilartwick's  patent,  25. 
MilUr,  Frederick,  115,  116. 
Miller,  Joe,  89. 
Miller,  Dr.  Henry  S.,  100. 
Miller,  Ilev.  George  B.,  birth-place,  72;  marriage,  73;  ordained,  12; 

sketch  of,  by  Mrs.  Ililler,  71 ;  educated  at  Nazareth,  73 ;  teaches 

at  Lebanon,  73;  teaches  at  New  Germantowu,  73;  at  Canajo- 

harie,  74 ;  view  of  his  house,  95 ;  golden  wedding,  99  ;  prmcipal 

of  seminary,  189. 
Miller,  Geo.  H.,  189. 

Moeller,  Henry,  40 ;  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 
Mohawks,  Hartwiek  becomes  acquainted  with,  14 ;  obtains  deed  from, 

14,  15, 108, 117. 
3Iount  Vision,  86. 
Muhlenberg,  Rev.  Frederick  Augustus,  1G9,    172  ;    his    account   of- 

Hartwick,  11,  13;  his  friend,  33  ;  his  executor,  33,31,33,  148,104, 

168 ;  his  death,  35. 
Muusell,  Joel,  announced  to  publish  Memorial  volume,  5. 
* 

IM  ASH,  Daniel,  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Nazareth  hall,  73. 

NazaretJi,  Pa.,  Dr.  Hazelius  called  to,  51 ;  Dr.  Miller  educated  at,  73. 

Neff,  Rev.  George,  advocates  Memorial  volume,  5 ;  professor  in  semi- 
nary, 189. 

Nelson,  Hon.  Samuel,  his  residence,  86 ;  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

Neusalz,  birth-place  of  Dr.  Hazelius,  48. 

Newhurg,  Hartwiek  pastor  at,  13. 

Neio  England,  Hartwiek  called  to,  11,  21,  158. 

New  Germantown,  Hartwiek  ^lastor  at,  11 ;  call  to  Dr.  Hazelius,  52 
Dr.  Miller  teacher  at,  73. 


198  INDEX. 

New  Jerumlem,  15G;  city  to  be  laid  out,  2!). 

Newman,  Ezekiel,  his  lease,  184,  187. 

Newman,  Jonathan,  his  bond,  177,  184,   187. 

New  York,  congregation  of  Hollanders,  Germans  and   French,  12 ; 

Hartwick  called  to,  11, 158;   Old  Swamp  church  dedicated,  12; 

United  Lutheran  churches  of,  propose  the  location  of  the  seminary 

in  that  city,  34. 
NicJtolas,  108, 109,  120,  121,  129.    See  Caraghiahtatti. 
NichoUs,  Richard,  123, 139. 

OcKERSHAUSEN,  A.  F.,  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

Odell,  David,  his  mortgage,  182. 

OJm,  guard  at,  advised  by  Hartwick,  124. 

OotJwui,  John,  121. 

Oothouf,Yo\keYt,  16,  123,  135,  138,  139. 

Ofiwego,  guard  at,  advised  by  Hartwick,  124. 

Otsego  bass,  excellence  of,  87. 

Otsego  outlet,  16,  123,  139 ;  dam  across,  83. 

Palatine  church,  84. 

Pearson  &  Co.,  George,  note,  178. 

Pennsylvania,  Hartwick  called  to,  11,  20, 158. 

Peterson,  Paulus,  16,  113, 120, 121,  129.     See  Pieterson. 

Petrie,  Jolian  Coenradt,  123,  139. 

Philadelphia,  Hartwick  preaches  at,  20;   Dr.  Hazelius  at,  52;  lirst 

Lutheran  synod,  11 ;  Dr.  Miller  a  teacher  at,  72. 
Philophroncan  society,  address  before,  1. 
PicTcerd,  John,  109 
Pierson,  Nathan,  his  bond,  177. 
Pieterson,  Abraham,  15,  108,  109,  113, 118,  119,  129. 
Pietersoti,  Henry,  16, 108,  109,  113,  119. 
Pluckamin,  Hartwick  pastor  at,  11. 

Poem,  by  Rev.  Wm.  Hull,  42 ;  by  Mrs.  Hiller,  100 ;  by  Mrs.  Scholl,  104- 
Pohlman,  Daniel,  Jr.,  trustee  of  Lutheran  church,  176. 
Pohlman,  Rev.  H.  N.,  president  of  alumni,  1 ;  on  committee  to  publish 

Memorial  volume,  5;  delivers  historical  address,  7  ;  ordained,  12, 

74 ;  preaches  at  seminary,  100  ;  remarks  at  golden  wedding,  106 ; 

professor  in  seminary,  189  ;  trustee,  189. 
Pomeroys  of  Cooperstown,  92. 
Prentiss,  John  H.,  90 
Panishment,  how  to  Ije  administered  at  seminary,  157,  160,  162. 


INDEX.  199 

Quitman,  Rev.  Dr.  Frederick  II.,  at  Rhiuebcck,  .33 ;  ordained,  74 ; 

trustee  of  seminary,  180. 
Quitman,  General  John  A.,  40,  96,  189. 

RaGSER,  Whanncr,  120. 

Report  of  committee  on  petition  of  Hartwick,  116. 

Bhinebeck,  Hartwick  pastor  at,  13 ;  makes  offers  for  location  of  semi- 
nary, 33. 

Eohison,  Thomas,  his  bond,  178,  183,  185,  187;  his  land  reentered 
upon,  183. 

RogJiisdicka,  Brand,  16,  120. 

Boseondau,  Abraham,  16,  120. 

Bubey,  Conrad,  trustee  of  Lutheran  church,  178. 

Rut  acknowledges  payment,  109. 

SaNDFORD,  Hon.  Lyman,  39;  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

SarigJioana ,  Hendrik,  15,  118,  119. 

Scheffer,  Adam,  115,  116. 

Schleydorn,  Hendrik,  121,  123,  134  ;  died,  135,  136,  137,  139,  140,  145, 
146, 147. 

Scldeydorn,  John,  136,  137,  145,  146,  147. 

Schmidt,  Henry  I.,  princij^al  of  seminary,  189. 

Schoharie  Lutheran  church,  proposal  to  locate  seminary,  34. 

SchoU,  Rev.  W.  N.,  principal  of  seminary,  100,  189;  trustee  of  semi- 
nary, 189. 

Scholl,  Mrs.,  poem  on  golden  wedding,  104. 

School  house  lot,  187. 

Schuyler,  Pieter  D.,  witnesses  deed,  109. 

Schwartz,  Professor,  death  of,  54. 

Seckel,  David,  121,  123, 134,  137,  140,  144,  145,  146,  147. 

Selmser,  Rev.  J.,  advocates  Memorial  volume,  5. 

Seminary  lots,  183 ;  cost  of  building,  184. 

Senderling,'Rey.  Jacob,  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

Simmons,  Daniel,  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Short,  Samuel  and  Amasa,  their  bond,  177. 

Sloan,  Sturgin,  his  mortgage,  182,  185. 

Smith,  Asa,  his  bond  and  mortgage,  178. 

Smith,  Rev.  C.  A.,  on  committee  to  publish  Memorial  volume,  5 ;  his 
sketch  of  Dr.  Hazelius,  48 ;  sketch  of  Hartwick  and  its  surround- 
ings, 81. 

Snijder,  Delia  B.,  wife  of  Dr.  Miller,  73. 


200  INDEX. 

Snyder,  Wesley,  at  golden  wedding,  100. 

Snyder,  Rev.  Wm.,  professor  in  seminary,  189. 

South  Carolina  Tlieological  Seminary,  54. 

Spruce  Run,  call  to  Dr.  Hazelius,  52. 

SktatsborougJi,  126,  129. 

Starkweathers  of  Cooperstown,  92 

Stearns,  John,  his  mortgage,  182,  186. 

Steele,  John  B.,  professor  in  seminary,  189. 

Sternberg,  Rev.  Levi,  principal  of  seminary",  189. 

Slilwell,  John,  his  mortgage,  182,  185. 

Stocks,  worthless,  39. 

Stone  Arabia  churches,  84. 

Stone  cofHn,  30, 158. 

Stone,  William  L.,  88. 

Stoever,  professor,  of  Gettysburg,  190. 

Strobel,  Rev.  Wm.  D.,  addresses  alumni,  4 ;  principal  of  seminary. 

189  ;  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 
Sullivarts  expedition,  1779,  83. 
Susquehanna  river  at  Hartwick,  82,  96,  98. 
Sutermeister,  John  A.,  40,  96. 
Sweden,  reformed  religion  established  in,  48. 

TaLBERT,  Philip,  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Temiile,  Judge,  86. 

Temple,  Marmaduke,  87. 

Ten  Eyck,  Jacob,  165. 

Iheological  library  at  Hartwick,  93. 

lliree-mile  point,  85. 

Tippel,  Adam,  115,  116. 

Tombstone  of  Hartwick,  152. 

Trappe,  Hartwick  preaches  at,  20. 

Traver,  40. 

Trustees  of  Lutheran  church,  176,  178;  of  seminary,  180. 

Taermer,  Thomas,  121, 123, 134,  137, 139,  140,  143,  145,  146,  147. 

Turnpike  stock.     See  Great  Western  turnpike. 

UeBELACKER,  Rev.  A.,  103. 

Union  College  confers  degree  upon  Dr.  Hazelius,  57. 

Van  DRIESSEN,  Rev.  Peter,  121. 

Van  Dyrk,  Hon.  IL  H.,  trustee  of  seminary,  IW). 

Van  Ranst,  Luke,  115,  116. 


INDEX.  201 

r(f/<  7?<;«s«67*/(/',  Jeremiah,  his  executor,  29,  31,  :35,  3G,   15:^;  died,  '^(>; 

letter  to,  on  Hartwick's  death,  148,  149 ;  executor  of  llartwick's 

estate,  155,  158, 161,  108,  169,  172,  176,  178. 
Vati  Jienssdaers,  friends  of  Ilartwick,  23, 
Van  VqjhU'n,  Volkerd,  16,  118. 
Virginia,  Ilartwick  called  to,  11,  21,  158. 

W^ACKERIIAGEN,  Augustus,  40;  trustee  of  seminary,  180. 

Wdldoho rough,  Ilartwick  at,  21. 

Walsh,  Benjamin,  165. 

Watson,  Elkanah,  his  mortgage,  182,  185. 

West  Cami),  Hartwick  pastor  at,  13. 

Weatern  Inland  Lock  Navigation  Company,  shares,  178,  183,  186, 
188;  worthless,  39. 

Wctzel,'RQY.  xVndrew,  trustee  of  seminary,  189. 

Wheeler,  John,  his  mortgage,  182,  185. 

Wieting,  Rev.  Philip,  favors  Memorial  volume,  5 ;  trustee  of  semi- 
nary, 189. 

Will  of  Hartwick,  26,  27,  28,  29,  154. 

Williams,  Charles,  123,  139. 

Williams,  Ephraim,  killed,  17. 

Wilson,  John,  165. 

Wings,  added  to  seminary,  39. 

1  ATES,  Peter  W.,  expostulates  with  Hartwick  in  relation  to  his 
will,  26. 


26 


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